This is digital research data corresponding to a published manuscript in "Earthworms increase the potential for enzymatic bio-activation of biochars made from co-pyrolyzing animal manures and plastic wastes" J. Hazardous Materials 2021, Vol. 408, 124405. Dataset may be assessed via the included link at the Dryad data repository. We assessed the enzymatic activation of four different biochars produced from pyrolyzing swine manure and poultry litter, and by co-pyrolyzing these livestock residues with agricultural spent mulch plastic film wastes (plastichars). Enzymatic activation consisted of incubating biochars in soil inoculated with earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris), which acted as biological vectors to facilitate retention of extracellular enzymes onto biochar surface. The activity of carboxylesterase ‒a pesticide-detoxifying enzyme‒ was measured in non-bioturbed soils (reference), linings of the burrows created by earthworms, casts (feces) and biochar particles recovered from the soil. Methods are described in the manuscript https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124405. Descriptions corresponding to each figure and table in the manuscript are placed on separate tabs to clarify abbreviations and summarize the data headings and units. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Earthworms increase the potential for enzymatic bio-activation of biochars made from co-pyrolyzing animal manures and plastic wastes - Dryad Dataset. File Name: Web Page, url: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.kprr4xh6q The data file, Fig2-5.xslx is an Excel spreadsheet consisting of multiple sub-tabs which are associated with Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5. Tab “Fig 2A and 2B” - raw data for earthworm mortality and weight for Fig. 2A and 2B along with descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, etc. Tab “Fig 3” - raw data for carboxylesterase activity in biochar-amended soils after 30 days of incubation. All replicate sample data for different regions of soil are included for Figure 3. Tab “Fig 4” - all replicate raw data for carboxylesterase activity of biochar particles recovered after incubation for Figure 4. Tab “Fig 5” - all replicate raw data for enzyme activities in fresh and bioturbed soil and the means and standard deviations for Figure 5.