Monthly gridded sea surface fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2), total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), pH, and aragonite (Ωarag) in Mid-Atlantic Bight and South Atlantic Bight from 1982 to 2015 (NCEI Accession 0208346)

Published by NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce | Catalog Last Checked: August 03, 2026 at 03:31 AM | Dataset Last Updated: January 17, 2020 at 12:00 AM

This dataset contains monthly interpolated sea surface fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2) from 1982 through 2015 is estimated from monthly atmospheric CO2, temperature, and salinity. Firstly, the disequilibrium between the observed seawater fCO2 and fCO2air (i.e., ΔfCO2; ΔfCO2 = fCO2 – fCO2air) is estimated using a bayesian-neural-network approach for each 1°×1° grid box in the MAB and the SAB. The input parameters are latitude, longitude, SST, and SSS. The output parameter is ΔfCO2. The feedforward backpropagation network is constructed by two hidden layers with tanh activation functions. The neural network is trained with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (Hagan and Menhaj, 1994). Then fCO2 is calculated using ΔfCO2 and fCO2air. Next, continuous monthly SST and SSS data from 1982 to 2015 are used to calculate output with the trained network to fill in SOCAT data gaps. Monthly pH, DIC, and Ωarag are calculated from fCO2 and salinity-derived TA using CO2SYS (Van Heuven et al., 2009) with the first and second dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater (K1 and K2) from Lueker et al. (2000) and borate-to-salinity ratio determined by Uppström (1974). TA is derived from salinity using their linear relationships in the MAB and the SAB (Cai et al., 2010).

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https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jc015982

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https://doi.org/10.1109/72.329697

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accessLevel	non-public
contactPoint	{ "fn": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information", "@type": "vcard:Contact", "hasEmail": "mailto:ncei.info@noaa.gov" }
describedByType	application/octet-steam
description	This dataset contains monthly interpolated sea surface fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2) from 1982 through 2015 is estimated from monthly atmospheric CO2, temperature, and salinity. Firstly, the disequilibrium between the observed seawater fCO2 and fCO2air (i.e., ΔfCO2; ΔfCO2 = fCO2 – fCO2air) is estimated using a bayesian-neural-network approach for each 1°×1° grid box in the MAB and the SAB. The input parameters are latitude, longitude, SST, and SSS. The output parameter is ΔfCO2. The feedforward backpropagation network is constructed by two hidden layers with tanh activation functions. The neural network is trained with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (Hagan and Menhaj, 1994). Then fCO2 is calculated using ΔfCO2 and fCO2air. Next, continuous monthly SST and SSS data from 1982 to 2015 are used to calculate output with the trained network to fill in SOCAT data gaps. Monthly pH, DIC, and Ωarag are calculated from fCO2 and salinity-derived TA using CO2SYS (Van Heuven et al., 2009) with the first and second dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater (K1 and K2) from Lueker et al. (2000) and borate-to-salinity ratio determined by Uppström (1974). TA is derived from salinity using their linear relationships in the MAB and the SAB (Cai et al., 2010).
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identifier	https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions/iso/xml/0208346.xml
issued	2020-01-08T00:00:00.000+00:00
keyword	[ "0208346", "ARAGONITE SATURATION STATE", "DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC)", "Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere", "partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water", "pH", "SALINITY - SURFACE WATER", "SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE", "total alkalinity", "carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer", "showerhead equilibrator", "chemical", "physical", "surface underway", "VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS", "NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory", "University of Delaware", "University of Miami", "University of New Hampshire", "University of Miami", "Ship of Opportunity Programme (SOOP)", "Mid-Atlantic Bight", "North Atlantic Ocean", "oceanography", "DOC/NOAA/OAR/AOML > Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce", "Various", "Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project", "EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE", "EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > SURFACE SALINITY", "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ALKALINITY", "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE", "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBONATE", "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON", "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PH", "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE", "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY", "Data synthesis product", "Discrete measurement", "Profile", "alkalinity (lon, lat, time)", "aragonite (lon, lat, time)", "dic (lon, lat, time)", "fco2sw (lon, lat, time)", "lat", "lon", "ph (lon, lat, time)", "sss (lon, lat, time)", "sst (lon, lat, time)", "time", "CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS", "EQUILIBRATORS", "OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN", "Atlantic Ocean", "Mid-Atlantic Bight", "South Atlantic Bight" ]
landingPage	https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
language	[]
license	https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
modified	2020-01-17T00:00:00.000+00:00
publisher	{ "name": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information", "@type": "org:Organization" }
references	[ "https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jc015982", "https://doi.org/10.1029/2009jc005482", "https://doi.org/10.1109/72.329697", "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4203(00)00022-0", "https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(74)90074-6", "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ndp_102/ndp102.html", "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system" ]
rights	otherRestrictions
spatial	-70.0,28.0,-81.0,50.0
temporal	1982-01-01T00:00:00+00:00/2015-12-31T00:00:00+00:00
theme	[ "geospatial" ]
title	Monthly gridded sea surface fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2), total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), pH, and aragonite (Ωarag) in Mid-Atlantic Bight and South Atlantic Bight from 1982 to 2015 (NCEI Accession 0208346)

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