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Monthly and annual mean seawater temperature, salinity and density from 26 tide gauge sites during 1855-1993 (NCEI Accession 0000817)

Published by NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce | Catalog Last Checked: August 03, 2026 at 01:18 AM | Dataset Last Updated: August 21, 2015 at 12:00 AM
Tidal observers at primary tide gauges of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey (now the NOAA National Ocean Service) routinely measured seawater temperature and density throughout most of the 20th century with select sites well before. All available records for 26 sites have been digitized, although more paper file records may still exist for others. Students at Florida Institute of Technology provided the key entry and quality control. The purpose was to study trends in sea water temperature and density in support of increasing the scientific understanding of low-frequency changes across a wide spatial domain of the coastal United States.

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0000817 SALINITY WATER DENSITY WATER TEMPERATURE bucket hydrometer thermometer physical

Complete Metadata
@type dcat:Dataset
accessLevel non-public
contactPoint 
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describedByType application/octet-steam
description Tidal observers at primary tide gauges of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey (now the NOAA National Ocean Service) routinely measured seawater temperature and density throughout most of the 20th century with select sites well before. All available records for 26 sites have been digitized, although more paper file records may still exist for others. Students at Florida Institute of Technology provided the key entry and quality control. The purpose was to study trends in sea water temperature and density in support of increasing the scientific understanding of low-frequency changes across a wide spatial domain of the coastal United States.
distribution 
[
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    "description": "Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.",
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    "title": "FTP",
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    "mediaType": "text/html",
    "description": "These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).",
    "describedByType": "application/octet-stream"
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  {
    "@type": "dcat:Distribution",
    "title": "GCMD Keyword Forum Page",
    "accessURL": "https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords",
    "mediaType": "text/html",
    "description": "Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords",
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identifier https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions/iso/xml/0000817.xml
issued 2002-11-18T00:00:00.000+00:00
keyword 
[
  "0000817",
  "SALINITY",
  "WATER DENSITY",
  "WATER TEMPERATURE",
  "bucket",
  "hydrometer",
  "thermometer",
  "physical",
  "surface measurements",
  "FIXED PLATFORM OF UNITED STATES",
  "NOAA Office of Coast Survey",
  "Florida Institute of Technology",
  "National Water Level Observation Network (NWLON)",
  "Coastal Waters of Gulf of Mexico",
  "Coastal Waters of Southeast Alaska and British Columbia",
  "Coastal Waters of Western U.S.",
  "North American Coastline-North",
  "North American Coastline-South",
  "oceanography",
  "DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NODC > National Oceanographic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce",
  "DOC/NOAA/NOS/OCS > Office of Coast Survey, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > DENSITY",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY",
  "USA Tide Stations",
  "HYDROMETERS > HYDROMETERS",
  "THERMOMETERS > THERMOMETERS",
  "FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS > FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS",
  "OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN",
  "OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF AMERICA",
  "OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF MEXICO",
  "OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN",
  "Astoria, Oregon",
  "Atlantic City, New Jersey",
  "Baltimore, Maryland",
  "Boston, Massachusetts",
  "Breakwater, Delaware",
  "Cedar Keys, Florida",
  "Charleston, South Carolina",
  "Continental United States coasts",
  "Daytona Beach, Florida",
  "Eastern United States coast",
  "Eastport, Maine",
  "Galveston, Texas",
  "Ketchikan, Alaska",
  "Key West, Florida",
  "Kodiak Island (Women's Bay), Alaska",
  "La Jolla, California",
  "Los Angeles Harbor, California",
  "New York (The Battery), New York",
  "Pensacola, Florida",
  "Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
  "Port Townsend, Washington",
  "Portland, Maine",
  "San Francisco, California",
  "Sandy Hook, New Jersey",
  "Seattle, Washington",
  "Seward, Alaska",
  "Sitka, Alaska",
  "United States Alaska coast",
  "United States Gulf coast",
  "Western United States coast"
]
landingPage https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
language 
[]
license https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
modified 2015-08-21T00:00:00.000+00:00
publisher 
{
  "name": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information",
  "@type": "org:Organization"
}
rights otherRestrictions
spatial -66.99,24.9,-152.52,60.12
temporal 1855-01-01T00:00:00+00:00/1993-12-31T00:00:00+00:00
theme 
[
  "geospatial"
]
title Monthly and annual mean seawater temperature, salinity and density from 26 tide gauge sites during 1855-1993 (NCEI Accession 0000817)

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