These data were compiled for a manuscript entitled 'Vital rates of a burgeoning population of Humpback Chub in western Grand Canyon. Objective(s) of our study were to compare survival and growth of humpback chub in western Grand Canyon to that from the more established metapopulation in eastern Grand Canyon that spawns in the Little Colorado River (LCR). These data represent capture histories of fish based on mark-recapture data. These data were collected in eastern Grand Canyon (CR-east study site) and in the western Grand Canyon (CR-west study site). The CR-east reach sites are located at the lower 13.56 rkm of the LCR and in the mainstem of the Colorado River at river kilometers (rkm) 126.2-128.7 (2009-2016) and was expanded to rkm 125-130.4 in 2017-2022, and the CR-west site is located 363-368.5 river kilometers downstream of Glen Canyon Dam. For the Von Bertalanffy growth analysis, data were collected from 330-410 rkm downstream of Glen Canyon Dam for capture histories and growth data, respectively. These data were collected by the Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (U.S. Geological Survey-Southwest Biological Science Center) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Fish were implanted with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags that allowed for individual identification upon future recapture and these data allow us to construct capture histories for individual fish and fit mark-recapture models. These data can be used to estimate survival, growth, abundance, and movement of humpback chub in eastern and western Grand Canyon.