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Evaluation of solid bitumen created from marine oil shale bituminite under hydrous and anhydrous pyrolysis conditions

Metadata Updated: October 30, 2025

This study tests the influence of environmental conditions on conversion of the maceral bituminite to a solid petroleum residuum (solid bitumen) during pyrolysis. The presence of water in sedimentary basins controls multiple processes during petroleum generation, migration, and storage. Four organic-rich (26–36 wt.% total organic carbon) oil shale samples were collected from thin-bedded (several cm thick), discontinuous outcrop exposures in the Neoproterozoic–Lower Cambrian restricted marine Salt Range Formation in the upper Indus Basin, Pakistan. Samples were from the Khewra Gorge (K-2) and Sohan Nala localities [SN-R(c), SN-5(b), SN-1]; a sample of Joadja torbanite coal from Australia containing terrigenous vitrinite was also included in the study for comparison. All samples were crushed, homogenized, and sieved to 4 (4.75 mm) or 8 (2.36 mm) mesh prior to pyrolysis experiments. Experiments used closed system batch reactors at subcritical water temperatures between 300 and 370°C for 72 hrs. The samples were pyrolyzed under hydrous and anhydrous conditions using distilled water, brine, or the absence of fluid as a condition of the experiment. These data tables represent the findings of this study and support an upcoming publication.

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

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Dates

Metadata Created Date September 13, 2025
Metadata Updated Date October 30, 2025

Metadata Source

Harvested from DOI USGS DCAT-US

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date September 13, 2025
Metadata Updated Date October 30, 2025
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Maintainer
Identifier http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/usgs-665e0b52d34e19fd55a96ed0
Data Last Modified 2024-08-14T00:00:00Z
Category geospatial
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 010:12
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Metadata Catalog ID https://ddi.doi.gov/usgs-data.json
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Harvest Object Id 6b43ba29-acd3-4a03-a9a0-32580af1eebe
Harvest Source Id 2b80d118-ab3a-48ba-bd93-996bbacefac2
Harvest Source Title DOI USGS DCAT-US
Metadata Type geospatial
Old Spatial 60.0732, -46.8001, 160.3125, 32.9534
Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash 17edcec261689bfa2a864f22efd371750eec26d8f3b990b3a06c34e05f201699
Source Schema Version 1.1
Spatial {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": 60.0732, -46.8001, 60.0732, 32.9534, 160.3125, 32.9534, 160.3125, -46.8001, 60.0732, -46.8001}

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