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Cyanobacterial HAB Monitoring using Satellite Imagery for the United States Great Lakes region created by the NOAA Harmful Algal Bloom Forecasting Branch (HAB-F) from 2000 to 2024 (NCEI Accession 0312614)

Published by NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce | Catalog Last Checked: August 03, 2026 at 05:18 AM | Dataset Last Updated: March 24, 2026 at 12:00 AM
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) are an ongoing threat to water quality, ecosystems, economies, and public health in the Great Lakes region, especially in Lake Erie, Sandusky Bay, Saginaw Bay in Lake Huron, Green Bay in Lake Michigan, and Lake Winnebago. Long-term time series data are required to characterize bloom phenology, assess trends in phenological changes, and understand the key drivers that cause and exacerbate blooms. A 25-year, continuous, and cross-sensor-consistent satellite-based time series (2000–2024) of cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (cyanoHAB) observations is presented for the United States Great Lakes region. This time series was created using data from multiple satellite ocean color sensors, specifically Envisat-Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), Sentinel-3A/B OLCI, and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Terra. To bridge the observational gap between the MERIS and Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) sensors, the Cyanobacteria Index (CIcyano) was derived from MODIS-Terra using CyanNet, a science-informed deep learning framework, and harmonized with CIcyano products from MERIS and OLCI.

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0312614 bacteria - cyanobacteria biological data harmful algal blooms (HABs) REMOTE SENSING REFLECTANCE MERIS MODIS Ocean Land Color Imager

Complete Metadata
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description Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) are an ongoing threat to water quality, ecosystems, economies, and public health in the Great Lakes region, especially in Lake Erie, Sandusky Bay, Saginaw Bay in Lake Huron, Green Bay in Lake Michigan, and Lake Winnebago. Long-term time series data are required to characterize bloom phenology, assess trends in phenological changes, and understand the key drivers that cause and exacerbate blooms. A 25-year, continuous, and cross-sensor-consistent satellite-based time series (2000–2024) of cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (cyanoHAB) observations is presented for the United States Great Lakes region. This time series was created using data from multiple satellite ocean color sensors, specifically Envisat-Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), Sentinel-3A/B OLCI, and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Terra. To bridge the observational gap between the MERIS and Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) sensors, the Cyanobacteria Index (CIcyano) was derived from MODIS-Terra using CyanNet, a science-informed deep learning framework, and harmonized with CIcyano products from MERIS and OLCI.
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identifier https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions/iso/xml/0312614.xml
issued 2026-02-18T00:00:00.000+00:00
keyword 
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  "bacteria - cyanobacteria",
  "biological data",
  "harmful algal blooms (HABs)",
  "REMOTE SENSING REFLECTANCE",
  "MERIS",
  "MODIS",
  "Ocean Land Color Imager",
  "biological",
  "satellite data",
  "Earth Observation Satellites",
  "Sentinel-3A",
  "Sentinel-3B",
  "Terra",
  "NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science",
  "Great Lakes",
  "oceanography",
  "DOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS > National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce",
  "NCCOS HAB Forecasting",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > BACTERIA/ARCHAEA > CYANOBACTERIA (BLUE-GREEN ALGAE)",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS > REFLECTANCE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > WATER QUALITY > ALGAL BLOOMS > HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM (HABs)",
  "Derived Data Product",
  "Geospatial",
  "Long-term Monitoring",
  "Stressor Impacts and Mitigation",
  "Forecasting",
  "Harmful Algal Blrooms (HAB)",
  "Monitoring",
  "Remote Sensing",
  "10-day Accumulated CIcyano biomass",
  "10-day Bloom Area",
  "Blue green algae",
  "Cyanobacteria",
  "Microcystis",
  "Public health",
  "Satellite remote sensing",
  "MERIS > Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer",
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  "OLCI > Ocean and Land Colour Imager",
  "Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra satellite from NASA, Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS)",
  "satellite",
  "SATELLITES > SATELLITES",
  "Sentinel-3A > Sentinel-3A",
  "Sentinel-3B > Sentinel-3B",
  "Terra > Earth Observing System, Terra (AM-1)",
  "Terra (ICES code: 33XX, 1999-2016)",
  "Copernicus",
  "Envisat from European Space Agency",
  "Sentinel-3 satellite",
  "Terra satellite from NASA",
  "CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > CANADA > GREAT LAKES, CANADA",
  "CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > GREAT LAKES",
  "Region > Great Lakes",
  "U.S. States and Territories > Michigan",
  "U.S. States and Territories > Ohio",
  "U.S. States and Territories > Wisconsin",
  "Green Bay",
  "Lake Erie",
  "Lake Winnebago",
  "Saginaw Bay",
  "Sandusky Bay",
  "PCLU1W"
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landingPage https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
language 
[]
license https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
modified 2026-03-24T00:00:00.000+00:00
publisher 
{
  "name": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information",
  "@type": "org:Organization"
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references 
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  "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225291",
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rights otherRestrictions
spatial -74.528,40.941,-92.4,49.141
temporal 2000-06-01T00:00:00+00:00/2024-11-15T00:00:00+00:00
theme 
[
  "geospatial"
]
title Cyanobacterial HAB Monitoring using Satellite Imagery for the United States Great Lakes region created by the NOAA Harmful Algal Bloom Forecasting Branch (HAB-F) from 2000 to 2024 (NCEI Accession 0312614)

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