gov.noaa.nodc:0312614 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-06-08T13:24:43Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Cyanobacterial HAB Monitoring using Satellite Imagery for the United States Great Lakes region created by the NOAA Harmful Algal Bloom Forecasting Branch (HAB-F) from 2000 to 2024 (NCEI Accession 0312614) 2026-03-24 publication 2026-02-18 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/wzk1-r208 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0312614 NCEI Archive Management System 0312614 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Sachidananda Mishra NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) sachi.mishra@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Richard Stumpf NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) richard.stumpf@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) NCCOS HAB Branch hab@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information pointOfContact NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) NCCOS Data Manager nccos.data@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information pointOfContact Mishra, Sachidananda NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information author Meredith, Andrew NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information author Wynne, Timothy NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information author Hounshell, Alexandria G. NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information author Stumpf, Richard P. NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information author tableDigital Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) are an ongoing threat to water quality, ecosystems, economies, and public health in the Great Lakes region, especially in Lake Erie, Sandusky Bay, Saginaw Bay in Lake Huron, Green Bay in Lake Michigan, and Lake Winnebago. Long-term time series data are required to characterize bloom phenology, assess trends in phenological changes, and understand the key drivers that cause and exacerbate blooms. A 25-year, continuous, and cross-sensor-consistent satellite-based time series (2000–2024) of cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (cyanoHAB) observations is presented for the United States Great Lakes region. This time series was created using data from multiple satellite ocean color sensors, specifically Envisat-Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), Sentinel-3A/B OLCI, and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Terra. To bridge the observational gap between the MERIS and Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) sensors, the Cyanobacteria Index (CIcyano) was derived from MODIS-Terra using CyanNet, a science-informed deep learning framework, and harmonized with CIcyano products from MERIS and OLCI. NOAA’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) provides near-daily satellite-derived products to monitor cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) blooms in the Great Lakes Region from July to October. These blooms thrive in warmer water conditions and significantly affect areas such as Lake Erie, Saginaw Bay on Lake Huron, Green Bay on Lake Michigan, and Lake Winnebago. These blooms are mainly composed of Microcystis, which can produce toxins harmful to humans and animals, contaminating drinking water and negatively affecting lake-dependent communities and businesses. To effectively understand the patterns and drivers of harmful algal blooms (HABs), a consistent, continuous, long-term time series of observations is essential for the Great Lakes region. This information can guide effective management strategies that safeguard both public health and local ecosystems. Funding Agency: NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Funding Agency: US EPA; Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0312614 Preview graphic PNG 0312614 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2025-12-18 publication bacteria - cyanobacteria biological data harmful algal blooms (HABs) REMOTE SENSING REFLECTANCE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS MERIS MODIS Ocean Land Color Imager instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS biological satellite data theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS Earth Observation Satellites Sentinel-3A Sentinel-3B Terra platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Great Lakes place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS > National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian NCCOS HAB Forecasting project Provider Project Names EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > BACTERIA/ARCHAEA > CYANOBACTERIA (BLUE-GREEN ALGAE) EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS > REFLECTANCE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > WATER QUALITY > ALGAL BLOOMS > HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM (HABs) theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Derived Data Product Geospatial Long-term Monitoring theme NCCOS Research Data Type Stressor Impacts and Mitigation theme NCCOS Research Priority Forecasting Harmful Algal Blrooms (HAB) Monitoring Remote Sensing theme NCCOS Research Topic 10-day Accumulated CIcyano biomass 10-day Bloom Area Blue green algae Cyanobacteria Microcystis Public health Satellite remote sensing theme Provider Keywords MERIS > Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer MODIS > Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer OLCI > Ocean and Land Colour Imager instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra satellite from NASA, Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) satellite instrument Provider Instruments SATELLITES > SATELLITES Sentinel-3A > Sentinel-3A Sentinel-3B > Sentinel-3B Terra > Earth Observing System, Terra (AM-1) platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Terra (ICES code: 33XX, 1999-2016) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes Copernicus Envisat from European Space Agency Sentinel-3 satellite Terra satellite from NASA platform Provider Platform Names CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > CANADA > GREAT LAKES, CANADA CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > GREAT LAKES place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Region > Great Lakes U.S. States and Territories > Michigan U.S. States and Territories > Ohio U.S. States and Territories > Wisconsin place NCCOS Research Location Green Bay Lake Erie Lake Winnebago Saginaw Bay Sandusky Bay place Provider Place Names PCLU1W Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Mishra, Sachidananda; Meredith, Andrew; Wynne, Timothy; Hounshell, Alexandria G.; Stumpf, Richard P. (2026). Cyanobacterial HAB Monitoring using Satellite Imagery for the United States Great Lakes region created by the NOAA Harmful Algal Bloom Forecasting Branch (HAB-F) from 2000 to 2024 (NCEI Accession 0312614). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/wzk1-r208. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. license This dataset has been dedicated to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication. SPDX License: Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal (CC0-1.0) Mishra, S., Stumpf, R. P., Wynne, T. T., & Hounshell, A. G. (2026). Two decades of cyanobacterial bloom dynamics in the Great Lakes: insights from multi-mission ocean color sensors. Environmental Research: Ecology, 5(1), 015005. https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-664x/ae4631 2026-02-27 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-664x/ae4631 https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-664x/ae4631 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-664x/ae4631 related journal article information Mishra, Sachidananda National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration author Stumpf, Richard P National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration author Wynne, Timothy T NOAA author Hounshell, Alexandria G National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration author IOP Publishing publisher documentDigital Environ. Res.: Ecology 5(1) ISSN 2752-664X, p. 015005 crossReference project Lunetta, R. S., Schaeffer, B. A., Stumpf, R. P., Keith, D., Jacobs, S. A., & Murphy, M. S. (2015). Evaluation of cyanobacteria cell count detection derived from MERIS imagery across the eastern USA. Remote Sensing of Environment, 157, 24–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.06.008 2015-02 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.06.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.06.008 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.06.008 related journal article information Lunetta, Ross S. author Schaeffer, Blake A. author Stumpf, Richard P. author Keith, Darryl author Jacobs, Scott A. author Murphy, Mark S. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Remote Sensing of Environment 157 ISSN 0034-4257, pp. 24-34 crossReference project Mishra, S., Stumpf, R. P., & Meredith, A. (2023). Constructing a Consistent and Continuous Cyanobacteria Bloom Monitoring Product from Multi-Mission Ocean Color Instruments. Remote Sensing, 15(22), 5291. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225291 2023-11-09 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225291 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225291 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225291 related journal article information Mishra, Sachidananda Consolidated Safety Services Inc., Fairfax, VA 22030, USA author Stumpf, Richard P. National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA author Meredith, Andrew Consolidated Safety Services Inc., Fairfax, VA 22030, USA author MDPI AG publisher documentDigital Remote Sensing 15(22) ISSN 2072-4292, p. 5291 crossReference project Stumpf, R. P., Wynne, T. T., Baker, D. B., & Fahnenstiel, G. L. (2012). Interannual Variability of Cyanobacterial Blooms in Lake Erie. PLoS ONE, 7(8), e42444. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042444 2012-08-01 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042444 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042444 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042444 related journal article information Stumpf, Richard P. author Wynne, Timothy T. author Baker, David B. author Fahnenstiel, Gary L. author Álvarez, Inés editor Public Library of Science (PLoS) publisher documentDigital PLoS ONE 7(8) ISSN 1932-6203, p. e42444 crossReference project Stumpf, R. P., Johnson, L. T., Wynne, T. T., & Baker, D. B. (2016). Forecasting annual cyanobacterial bloom biomass to inform management decisions in Lake Erie. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 42(6), 1174–1183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.08.006 2016-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.08.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.08.006 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.08.006 related journal article information Stumpf, Richard P. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration author Johnson, Laura T. author Wynne, Timothy T. author Baker, David B. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Journal of Great Lakes Research 42(6) ISSN 0380-1330, pp. 1174-1183 crossReference project Wynne, T., & Stumpf, R. (2015). Spatial and Temporal Patterns in the Seasonal Distribution of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Western Lake Erie from 2002–2014. Toxins, 7(5), 1649–1663. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7051649 2015-05-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7051649 https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7051649 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7051649 related journal article information Wynne, Timothy National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1305 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA author Stumpf, Richard National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1305 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA author MDPI AG publisher documentDigital Toxins 7(5) ISSN 2072-6651, pp. 1649-1663 crossReference project Wallmo, K. (2020). Harmful Algal Bloom Forecasting Branch Ocean Color Satellite Imagery Processing Guidelines, 2020 Update. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS ; 296. https://doi.org/10.25923/606t-m243 2020 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.25923/606t-m243 https://doi.org/10.25923/606t-m243 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.25923/606t-m243 related journal article information Wallmo, Kristy author National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (U.S.) publisher documentDigital NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS ; 296 crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans biota -92.4 -74.528 40.941 49.141 2000-06-01 2024-11-15 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. CSV GeoTIFF 165.392 https://doi.org/10.25921/wzk1-r208 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/312614 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/312614 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0243/0312614/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0312614 v1.1 was published. 2026-03-24T16:24:55Z NCEI Accession 0312614 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0312614/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0312614 v1.1 published 2026-03-24T16:24:55Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: harmful algal blooms (HABs) (calculated); Units: n/a; Observation Category: satellite; Sampling Instrument: satellite Parameter or Variable: Microcystis (calculated); Units: n/a; Observation Category: satellite; Sampling Instrument: n/a Parameter or Variable: Cyanobacteria (calculated); Units: n/a; Observation Category: satellite; Sampling Instrument: n/a Parameter or Variable: Blue green algae (calculated); Units: n/a; Observation Category: satellite; Sampling Instrument: n/a Parameter or Variable: Satellite remote sensing (calculated); Units: n/a; Observation Category: satellite; Sampling Instrument: satellite Parameter or Variable: Public health (measured); Units: n/a; Observation Category: other; Sampling Instrument: n/a Parameter or Variable: 10-day Accumulated CIcyano biomass (calculated); Units: Dimensionless; Observation Category: satellite; Sampling Instrument: Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra satellite from NASA, Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (M; Sampling and Analyzing Method: 10-day accumulated areal biomass as measured from 10-day maximum composites of satellite remote sensing imagery (CIcyano) for the regions around the U.S. Great Lakes. Basin-wide accumulated cyanobacterial areal biomass is calculated for pixels with >20,000 cells per L (DN>42) for each 10-day period from day of year (DOY) 151 through 310.; Data Quality Method: Visual inspection of daily CIcyano image and 10-day maximum imagery from MODIS-CyanNet for all regions. Parameter or Variable: 10-day Bloom Area (calculated); Units: Dimensionless; Observation Category: satellite; Sampling Instrument: Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra satellite from NASA, Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (M; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Bloom extent was calculated by multiplying the number of pixels above 20,000 cells per L (DN>42) by the sensor pixel area and expressed in km2 units. The bloom area time series includes area estimates for the center date of each 10-day period from day of year (DOY) 151 through 310.; Data Quality Method: Visual inspection of daily CIcyano image and 10-day maximum imagery from MODIS-CyanNet for all regions. asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian MERIS MERIS MEdium-spectral Resolution, Imaging Spectrometer MERIS is a programmable, medium-spectral resolution, imaging spectrometer on board the European Space Agency (ESA) satellite ENVISAT operating in the solar reflective spectral range. Fifteen spectral bands can be selected by ground command. https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-operational-eo-missions/envisat/instruments/meris MODIS MODIS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer MODIS (or Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) is a key instrument aboard the Terra (EOS AM) and Aqua (EOS PM) satellites. Terra's orbit around the Earth is timed so that it passes from north to south across the equator in the morning, while Aqua passes south to north over the equator in the afternoon. Terra MODIS and Aqua MODIS are viewing the entire Earth's surface every 1 to 2 days, acquiring data in 36 spectral bands, or groups of wavelengths (see MODIS Technical Specifications). MODIS Technical Specifications Orbit: 705 km, 10:30 a.m. descending node (Terra) or 1:30 p.m. ascending node (Aqua), sun-synchronous, near-polar, circular Scan Rate: 20.3 rpm, cross track Swath Dimensions: 2330 km (cross track) by 10 km (along track at nadir) Telescope: 17.78 cm diam. off-axis, afocal (collimated), with intermediate field stop Size: 1.0 x 1.6 x 1.0 m Weight: 228.7 kg Power: 162.5 W (single orbit average) Data Rate: 10.6 Mbps (peak daytime); 6.1 Mbps (orbital average) Quantization: 12 bits Spatial Resolution: 250 m (bands 1-2); 500 m (bands 3-7); 1000 m (bands 8-36) Design Life: 6 years (From: http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/index.html) Ocean Land Color Imager Ocean Land Color Imager The OLCI instrument baseline is the successor to ENVISAT MERIS with additional spectral channels, different camera arrangements and simplified on-board processing. The OLCI is a push-broom instrument with five camera modules sharing the field of view. The field of view of the five cameras is arranged in a fan-shaped configuration in the vertical plane, perpendicular to the platform velocity. Each camera has an individual field of view of 14.2° and a 0.6° overlap with its neighbours. The whole field of view is shifted across track by 12.6° away from the sun to minimise the impact of sun glint. https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/technical-guides/sentinel-3-olci/olci-instrument Earth Observation Satellites Satellites that are specifically designed to observe Earth from orbit, similar to spy satellites but intended for non-military uses such as environmental monitoring, meteorology, map making etc. The most common type are Earth imaging satellites, that take satellite images, analogous to aerial photographs; some EO satellites may perform remote sensing without forming pictures, such as in GNSS radio occultation. Ref: Tatem, Andrew J.; Goetz, Scott J.; Hay, Simon I. (2008). "Fifty Years of Earth-observation Satellites". American Scientist. 96 (5): 390–398. doi:10.1511/2008.74.390. PMC 2690060. PMID 19498953. Sentinel-3A - country of registry = European Union - platformType = orbiting satellite - NSSDCA/COSPAR ID: 2016-011A - operator - European Space Agency (ESA) - instruments: Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI), et al. Launch Date: February 2016-02-16 https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-eo-missions/sentinel-3 Sentinel-3B - country of registry = European Union - platformType = orbiting satellite - COSPAR ID: 2018-039A - operator - European Space Agency (ESA) and European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) - Launched Date: 2018-04-25 Terra Updated information from ICES for the platform TERRA from UNITED STATES. Name Terra Country(s) US: UNITED STATES Platform Class 65: Orbiting satellite Commissioned Date 1999 Decommissioned Date 2016 Notes - Operational NASA Earth Observing System Satellite. Information Source (URL) - http://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/81 Confirmed by NOAA on 2018-08-08. OTHER INFORMATION: Instruments: MODIS et al NSSDCA/COSPAR ID: 1999-068A