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Updated U.S. Low-Temperature Heating and Cooling Demand by County and Sector

Published by National Laboratory of the Rockies | Department of Energy | Catalog Last Checked: April 22, 2026 at 08:07 AM | Dataset Last Updated: April 21, 2026 at 09:21 PM
This dataset includes U.S. low-temperature heating and cooling demand at the county level in major end-use sectors: residential, commercial, manufacturing, agricultural, and data centers. Census division-level end-use energy consumption, expenditure, and commissioned power database were dis-aggregated to the county level. The county-level database was incorporated with climate zone, numbers of housing units and farms, farm size, and coefficient of performance (COP) for heating and cooling demand analysis. This dataset also includes a paper containing a full explanation of the methodologies used and maps. Residential data were updated from the latest Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) dataset (2015) using 2020 census data. Commercial data were baselined off the latest Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) dataset (2012). Manufacturing data were baselined off the latest Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) dataset (2021).

Resources

6 resources available

  • Agricultural Heating Demand Totals.xlsx

    XLSX
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  • Commercial Heating and Cooling Demand Totals.xlsx

    XLSX
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  • Data Center Cooling Demand Totals.xlsx

    XLSX
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  • Manufacturing Heating and Cooling Demand Totals.xlsx

    XLSX
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  • Geospatial Characterization of Low-Temperature Heating and Cooling Demand in the United States.pdf

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  • Residential Heating and Cooling Demand Totals.xlsx

    XLSX
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Complete Metadata
@type dcat:Dataset
accessLevel public
bureauCode 
[
  "019:20"
]
contactPoint 
{
  "fn": "Hyunjun Oh",
  "@type": "vcard:Contact",
  "hasEmail": "mailto:hyunjun.oh@nlr.gov"
}
dataQuality 
true
description This dataset includes U.S. low-temperature heating and cooling demand at the county level in major end-use sectors: residential, commercial, manufacturing, agricultural, and data centers. Census division-level end-use energy consumption, expenditure, and commissioned power database were dis-aggregated to the county level. The county-level database was incorporated with climate zone, numbers of housing units and farms, farm size, and coefficient of performance (COP) for heating and cooling demand analysis. This dataset also includes a paper containing a full explanation of the methodologies used and maps. Residential data were updated from the latest Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) dataset (2015) using 2020 census data. Commercial data were baselined off the latest Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) dataset (2012). Manufacturing data were baselined off the latest Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) dataset (2021).
distribution 
[
  {
    "@type": "dcat:Distribution",
    "title": "Agricultural Heating Demand Totals.xlsx",
    "format": "xlsx",
    "accessURL": "https://gdr.openei.org/files/1465/Agricultural%20Heating%20Demand%20Totals.xlsx",
    "mediaType": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
    "description": "County-level heating demand analysis in agricultural sector"
  },
  {
    "@type": "dcat:Distribution",
    "title": "Commercial Heating and Cooling Demand Totals.xlsx",
    "format": "xlsx",
    "accessURL": "https://gdr.openei.org/files/1465/Commercial%20Heating%20and%20Cooling%20Demand%20Totals.xlsx",
    "mediaType": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
    "description": "County-level commercial heating and cooling demand "
  },
  {
    "@type": "dcat:Distribution",
    "title": "Data Center Cooling Demand Totals.xlsx",
    "format": "xlsx",
    "accessURL": "https://gdr.openei.org/files/1465/Data%20Center%20Cooling%20Demand%20Totals.xlsx",
    "mediaType": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
    "description": "County-level data center cooling demand"
  },
  {
    "@type": "dcat:Distribution",
    "title": "Manufacturing Heating and Cooling Demand Totals.xlsx",
    "format": "xlsx",
    "accessURL": "https://gdr.openei.org/files/1465/Manufacturing%20Heating%20and%20Cooling%20Demand%20Totals.xlsx",
    "mediaType": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
    "description": "County-level manufacturing heating and cooling demand"
  },
  {
    "@type": "dcat:Distribution",
    "title": "Geospatial Characterization of Low-Temperature Heating and Cooling Demand in the United States.pdf",
    "format": "pdf",
    "accessURL": "https://gdr.openei.org/files/1465/Oh%20and%20Beckers%202023%20Geospatial%20Characterization%20of%20Low-Temperature%20Heating%20and%20Cooling%20Demand%20in%20the%20United%20States.pdf",
    "mediaType": "application/pdf",
    "description": "Conference paper presented at the 48th Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford, CA, February 6-8, 2023"
  },
  {
    "@type": "dcat:Distribution",
    "title": "Residential Heating and Cooling Demand Totals.xlsx",
    "format": "xlsx",
    "accessURL": "https://gdr.openei.org/files/1465/Residential%20Heating%20and%20Cooling%20Demand%20Totals.xlsx",
    "mediaType": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
    "description": "County-level residential heating and cooling demand"
  }
]
DOI 10.15121/1987526
identifier https://data.openei.org/submissions/7560
issued 2022-12-31T07:00:00Z
keyword 
[
  "Excel",
  "agricultural",
  "characterization",
  "commercial",
  "cooling demand",
  "datacenter",
  "direct use",
  "end-use",
  "energy",
  "feasibility",
  "geospatial data",
  "geothermal",
  "heating demand",
  "low temp",
  "low-temperature",
  "manufacturing",
  "processsed data",
  "residential",
  "temperature",
  "thermal demand"
]
landingPage https://gdr.openei.org/submissions/1465
license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
modified 2026-04-21T21:21:48Z
programCode 
[
  "019:006"
]
projectLead Arlene Anderson
projectNumber FY23 AOP 4.6.2.19
projectTitle Low-Temperature Geothermal Heating and Cooling Analysis
publisher 
{
  "name": "National Laboratory of the Rockies",
  "@type": "org:Organization"
}
spatial 
"{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-125.5392625,24.5873],[-61.03863125,24.5873],[-61.03863125,50.954451321951495],[-125.5392625,50.954451321951495],[-125.5392625,24.5873]]]}"
title Updated U.S. Low-Temperature Heating and Cooling Demand by County and Sector

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