This dataset provides the final report from the PAN tropical investigation of bioGeochemistry and Ecological Adaptation (PANGEA) scoping study. PANGEA is one of the two scoping studies funded by NASA in 2023 to identify the scientific questions and develop the initial study design and implementation concept for a new NASA Terrestrial Ecology field campaign. This report provides 1) the scientific rationale; 2) an initial study design concept; 3) a presentation of science questions, goals, and objectives; 4) the rationale in terms of state-of-the-art, relevance, and expected advances; 5) implementation concepts; and 6) other information to enable NASA to fully evaluate the project. This report outlines the PANGEA concept, including the PANGEA science themes, science questions, the scientific and technical advancement arising from PANGEA, the critical role of NASA remote sensing, PANGEA's research strategy and study design, PANGEA's capacity-building and training priorities, community engagement strategy, ability to enable Earth Action, and technical and logistical feasibility. The PANGEA concept reflects the voices of many and was developed in collaboration with over 800 individuals representing over 300 organizations from 42 countries across five continents. This report is provided in five languages including English, Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Indonesian.