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The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 3 (GLODAPv3) – an internally consistent biogeochemical data product for the World Ocean (NCEI Accession 0315582)

Published by NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce | Catalog Last Checked: August 03, 2026 at 05:26 AM | Dataset Last Updated: July 07, 2026 at 12:00 AM
The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP) is a synthesis effort providing surface-to-bottom ocean biogeochemical observations determined through chemical analysis of discrete bottle samples, with an emphasis on seawater inorganic carbon chemistry and related variables. Version 3 of GLODAP comprises data from 1181 cruises, spanning more than 50 years of observations (1972 - 2023). It includes all data from the previous GLODAPv2.2023 (Lauvset et al., 2024) together with newly added data from 57 cruises. For all cruises, 13 core variables (temperature, salinity, oxygen, nitrate, silicate, phosphate, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CCl₄, and SF6) have undergone extensive quality control with particular focus on the identification and removal of systematic differences between cruises. The data are available in two formats: (i) as submitted by the data originators, converted to World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) exchange format, and (ii) as a merged data product in which adjustments have been applied. These adjustments were determined using crossover analyses in combination with a newly developed global inversion method, the furthest-first routine. The applied adjustments are intended to remove systematic differences arising from differences in measurement methods, calibration, and/or data-handling practices, while preserving known or likely temporal trends and natural variability. The consistency of the adjusted data product is estimated to be 0.0013 for salinity, 0.7% for oxygen, 0.4% for nitrate, 0.5% for silicate, 0.5% for phosphate, 1.2 µmol kg⁻¹ for dissolved inorganic carbon, and 1.4 µmol kg⁻¹ for total alkalinity. Consistency estimates could not be derived for transient tracers, but they are believed to be consistent to better than 5% (10% for SF₆). The enhanced consistency enables different datasets to be used together with greater confidence. Newly introduced cruise-specific uncertainty estimates for all core variables provide more granular quantifications of remaining cruise-to-cruise inconsistencies. Additional variables, including pH, discrete CO₂ fugacity (fCO₂), isotopic tracers, and others, were not subjected to secondary quality control but are included in the data product.

Resources

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  • Project Metadata

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  • NCEI Dataset Landing Page

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  • Descriptive Information

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  • https://doi.org/10.25921/zyrq-ht66

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  • https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5543-2022

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  • https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5565-2021

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  • https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3653-2020

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  • https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-297-2016

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  • https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2019-66

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  • https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-325-2016

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/GLODAPv3/

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/GLODAPv2_2023/

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/GLODAPv2_2022/

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  • https://www.glodap.info/

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  • https://odv.awi.de/data/ocean/glodap-bottle-data/

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/CDIACmap.html

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/RepeatSections/

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/CARINA/

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/PACIFICA/

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/CARIMED/

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0315529.html

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  • https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/896862

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  • GCMD Keyword Forum Page

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  • NCEI Contact Information

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0315582 CARBON - TOTAL ORGANIC CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11) CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-113 (CFC-113) CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12) CHLOROPHYLL A DELTA CARBON-13 DELTA CARBON-14

Complete Metadata
@type dcat:Dataset
accessLevel non-public
contactPoint 
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  "fn": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information",
  "@type": "vcard:Contact",
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describedByType application/octet-steam
description The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP) is a synthesis effort providing surface-to-bottom ocean biogeochemical observations determined through chemical analysis of discrete bottle samples, with an emphasis on seawater inorganic carbon chemistry and related variables. Version 3 of GLODAP comprises data from 1181 cruises, spanning more than 50 years of observations (1972 - 2023). It includes all data from the previous GLODAPv2.2023 (Lauvset et al., 2024) together with newly added data from 57 cruises. For all cruises, 13 core variables (temperature, salinity, oxygen, nitrate, silicate, phosphate, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CCl₄, and SF6) have undergone extensive quality control with particular focus on the identification and removal of systematic differences between cruises. The data are available in two formats: (i) as submitted by the data originators, converted to World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) exchange format, and (ii) as a merged data product in which adjustments have been applied. These adjustments were determined using crossover analyses in combination with a newly developed global inversion method, the furthest-first routine. The applied adjustments are intended to remove systematic differences arising from differences in measurement methods, calibration, and/or data-handling practices, while preserving known or likely temporal trends and natural variability. The consistency of the adjusted data product is estimated to be 0.0013 for salinity, 0.7% for oxygen, 0.4% for nitrate, 0.5% for silicate, 0.5% for phosphate, 1.2 µmol kg⁻¹ for dissolved inorganic carbon, and 1.4 µmol kg⁻¹ for total alkalinity. Consistency estimates could not be derived for transient tracers, but they are believed to be consistent to better than 5% (10% for SF₆). The enhanced consistency enables different datasets to be used together with greater confidence. Newly introduced cruise-specific uncertainty estimates for all core variables provide more granular quantifications of remaining cruise-to-cruise inconsistencies. Additional variables, including pH, discrete CO₂ fugacity (fCO₂), isotopic tracers, and others, were not subjected to secondary quality control but are included in the data product.
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identifier https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions/iso/xml/0315582.xml
issued 2026-06-04T00:00:00.000+00:00
keyword 
[
  "0315582",
  "CARBON - TOTAL ORGANIC",
  "CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11)",
  "CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-113 (CFC-113)",
  "CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12)",
  "CHLOROPHYLL A",
  "DELTA CARBON-13",
  "DELTA CARBON-14",
  "DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC)",
  "DISSOLVED OXYGEN",
  "HELIUM",
  "NEON",
  "NITRATE",
  "NITRITE",
  "OXYGEN - APPARENT UTILIZATION (AOU)",
  "OXYGEN ISOTOPES - OXYGEN-18",
  "partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water",
  "pH",
  "phosphate",
  "SALINITY",
  "SIGMA-THETA",
  "silicate",
  "sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)",
  "total alkalinity",
  "Total Dissolved Nitrogen (TDN)",
  "WATER TEMPERATURE",
  "coulometer for DIC measurement",
  "nutrient autoanalyzer",
  "oxygen sensor",
  "pH sensor",
  "salinometer",
  "temperature sensor",
  "titrator",
  "chemical",
  "discrete sample",
  "physical",
  "profile",
  "VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS",
  "Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research",
  "Bedford Institute of Oceanography",
  "ETH Zurich",
  "Federal University of Rio de Janeiro",
  "GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel",
  "Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas de Vigo",
  "Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques",
  "Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde",
  "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
  "Meteorological Research Institute Japan",
  "National Oceanography Centre",
  "NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory",
  "NORCE Norwegian Research Centre",
  "Research Institute for Global Change",
  "Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research",
  "Scripps Institution of Oceanography",
  "Spanish National Research Council",
  "University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute",
  "University of Bremen",
  "University of Gothenburg",
  "NORCE Norwegian Research Centre",
  "CARbon dioxide IN the Atlantic Ocean (CARINA)",
  "Carbon dioxide in the Pacific Ocean (PACIFICA)",
  "The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP)",
  "World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE)",
  "Arctic Ocean",
  "North Atlantic Ocean",
  "North Pacific Ocean",
  "South Atlantic Ocean",
  "South Pacific Ocean",
  "Southern Ocean",
  "World-Wide Distribution",
  "oceanography",
  "AWI > Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research",
  "CA/DFO/BIO > Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans, Canada",
  "DE/GEOMAR > GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany",
  "DOC/NOAA/OAR/PMEL > Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce",
  "GU > University of Gothenburg, Sweden",
  "IOW > Leibniz Institute Baltic Sea Research Institute, Warnemuende, Germany",
  "JP/JMA/MRI > Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Japan",
  "NL/NWO/NIOZ > Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ)",
  "U-BERGEN/GEOPH > Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen",
  "U-SOTON/NOC > National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton",
  "1181 cruises",
  "1181 cruises",
  "CARINA > CARINA (CARbon dioxide IN the Atlantic Ocean) Data Synthesis Project",
  "WOCE > World Ocean Circulation Experiment",
  "Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project",
  "CLIVAR",
  "GO-SHIP",
  "Other Repeat Sections and Research Cruises",
  "WOCE",
  "CARbon dioxide IN the Atlantic Ocean (CARINA)",
  "Carbon dioxide in the Pacific Ocean (PACIFICA)",
  "GLOBAL OCEAN DATA ANALYSIS PROJECT (GLODAP)",
  "GLODAPv2",
  "GLODAPv2.2023",
  "New Repeat Sections",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ALKALINITY",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CHLOROPHYLL",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > DISSOLVED GASES",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRITE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITROGEN",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ORGANIC CARBON",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PH",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > DENSITY",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY",
  "Data synthesis product",
  "Discrete measurement",
  "CLIVAR Repeat Sections",
  "GLODAP",
  "GO-SHIP Repeat Sections",
  "WOCE",
  "He",
  "abssalinity",
  "aou",
  "c13",
  "c14",
  "c14err",
  "ccl4",
  "cfc11",
  "cfc113",
  "cfc12",
  "chla",
  "constemperature",
  "doc",
  "don",
  "fco2",
  "gamma",
  "h3",
  "h3err",
  "he3err",
  "heerr",
  "neon",
  "neonerr",
  "nitrate",
  "nitrite",
  "o18",
  "oxygen",
  "pccl4",
  "pcfc11",
  "pcfc12",
  "phosphate",
  "phts25p0",
  "phtsinsitutp",
  "psf6",
  "salinity",
  "sf6",
  "sigma0",
  "sigma1",
  "sigma2",
  "sigma3",
  "sigma4",
  "silicate",
  "talk",
  "tco2",
  "tdn",
  "temperature",
  "theta",
  "toc",
  "δ3He",
  "AUTOANALYZER > AUTOANALYZER",
  "COULOMETERS",
  "OXYGEN METERS > OXYGEN METERS",
  "PH METERS > PH METERS",
  "SALINOMETERS",
  "TEMPERATURE SENSORS > TEMPERATURE SENSORS",
  "GEOGRAPHIC REGION > GLOBAL OCEAN",
  "OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN",
  "OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN",
  "OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN",
  "OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN",
  "OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN",
  "OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN",
  "Arctic Ocean",
  "Atlantic Ocean",
  "Indian Ocean",
  "Pacific Ocean",
  "Southern Ocean",
  "World-wide Distribution"
]
landingPage https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
language 
[]
license https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
modified 2026-07-07T00:00:00.000+00:00
publisher 
{
  "name": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information",
  "@type": "org:Organization"
}
references 
[
  "https://doi.org/10.25921/zyrq-ht66",
  "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5543-2022",
  "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5565-2021",
  "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3653-2020",
  "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-297-2016",
  "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2019-66",
  "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-325-2016",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/GLODAPv3/",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/GLODAPv2_2023/",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/GLODAPv2_2022/",
  "https://www.glodap.info/",
  "https://odv.awi.de/data/ocean/glodap-bottle-data/",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/CDIACmap.html",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/RepeatSections/",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/CARINA/",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/PACIFICA/",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/CARIMED/",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0315529.html",
  "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/896862"
]
rights otherRestrictions
spatial 180.0,-90.0,-180.0,90.0
temporal 1972-01-01T00:00:00+00:00/2023-09-14T00:00:00+00:00
theme 
[
  "geospatial"
]
title The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 3 (GLODAPv3) – an internally consistent biogeochemical data product for the World Ocean (NCEI Accession 0315582)

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