This study collected data on felony sentencing practices in
the District of Columbia during the period 1993 to 1998. Data are
provided on (1) the characteristics of felons sentenced by the
District of Columbia Superior Court (DCSC), (2) the types, lengths,
and variations of sentences imposed, (3) the length of time served in
prison by those committed into the DC Department of Corrections
(DCDOC), and (4) parole release decisions. And the study also
attempted to assess the potential effects of new sentencing practices
implemented in response to the National Capital Revitalization and
Self-Government Improvement Act of 1997 and the Truth in Sentencing
Amendment Act of 1998. Data were obtained from several DC criminal
justice agencies, including DC Superior Court, the Pretrial Services
Agency, the DC Department of Corrections, and the DC Parole
Commission. The records of individual defendants were linked across
these databases to the extent possible, and an integrated database on
felony case processing in the District was created in order to use the
unique information from each system to create defendant-level or
person-level records that contained more information about cases than
could be obtained from any one system. The process also involved
linking records within an agency's data system for the purposes of
obtaining the history of contacts with an agency or for the purpose of
aggregating charge-level information into summary data for a docket or
commitment. The final database consists of three files. Part 1 (Felony
Docket Data) includes sentencing information on all felony dockets
sentenced in DCSC between January 1993 and December 1998. Part 2
(Commitments Data) includes sentencing and time served information on
all offenders who were committed to the DCDOC between January 1990 and
December 1998. Part 3 (Decisions Data) includes all decisions made by
the parole board on all types of considerations between January 1993
and December 1998. Part 1 variables provide defendant demographic
characteristics (including age, race, and sex), offense type codes
(for the defendant's most serious offense), type of sentence (prison
only, probation only, split, or fine) and the sentence imposed
(including whether the defendant was sentenced to life). During the
period under study, the District of Columbia followed an indeterminate
sentencing system, and so the data file includes minimum and maximum
periods where applicable (for example, confinement). The data include
information pertaining to the most serious offense at conviction as
well as aggregated sentence information on all felony charges on a
docket (in case there were multiple charges). Part 2 variables include
dates (of disposition, charging, and release), type of release from
the DCDOC within that time period (including transfer to the Federal
Bureau of Prisons facilities, release on parole, release upon
completion of imposed term, transfer to escape status, and whether the
offender had not yet been released by December 1998), in-prison parole
hearing/decision information (including number of initial hearings,
number of decisions, number of grants, and whether a parole release
decision was granted at the initial hearing while on this commitment),
prior criminal history (including number of prior prison sentences and
the number of prior drug, violent, weapon, and property convictions in
the last 15 years), current commitment sentencing information
(including number of felony, misdemeanor, or split charges, most
serious charge of conviction, and the sentence imposed on the most
serious charge as well as the aggregate sentencing imposed on all
charges of conviction), and the time served by the offender prior to
release (with and without the amount of credit given for jail time
prior to conviction). This file also identifies several problem flags
that need to be taken into account before analyzing the data in order
to select out problem cases (with data entry or computation
errors). Part 3 variables include the date (year, month) of the
hearing, up to four considerations being decided on, up to six
decisions that were made for these considerations, six flags
indicating the types of considerations that were included in the
hearing, and two flags indicating the types of decisions that were
included in the current hearing.