This submission contains two resources developed by Booz Allen Hamilton Inc. in 2025 for the U.S. Department of Energy/Water Power Technologies Office (WPTO). The study identifies near-term opportunities to reduce costs and improve performance in wave and tidal current energy systems. Conducted in 2025, the work combines a literature review with insights from approximately 140 publicly available resources and 13 subject matter experts from five national and international organizations, to develop and recommend four potential approaches to advance marine energy technologies.

The analysis focuses on the primary cost and performance drivers for marine energy technologies including power, structural design and device profile, anchoring and mooring, operations and maintenance, and array design, and uses DOE's standardized cost breakdown structure to assess their impact on the levelized cost of energy (LCOE). The material presented in the final report and presentation are intended to clarify, guide, and inform the research and development (R&D) of commercially viable marine energy systems.