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Physiological Analysis of Eleutherodactylus Specimens in West-Central Puerto Rico, 2021-2022

Metadata Updated: September 17, 2025

Amphibians are vulnerable to extinction owing, partly, to altered physiological processes induced by projected global warming and drying. Understanding the mechanisms behind their responses is essential to formulate adaptation strategies for their conservation. Puerto Rico harbors 15 endemic Eleutherodactylus frogs considered vulnerable to extinction due to poor vagility and sensitivity to environmental variability. Herein are reported the effects of four temperature treatments (15, 20, 25, and 30 degrees Centigrade) on metabolic rates associated with specific dynamic action (SDA) and standard metabolic rates (SMR) of four representative species of Eleutherodactylus employing a respirometer. All species in either experiment increased their excretion of CO2 with increasing temperature. CO2 excretion rates were higher immediately post-ingestion, subsiding to low levels by the third day (72 hours). SMR excretion rates of E. juanariveroi and E. antillensis increased up to 20 degrees Centigrade and then curbed. Rates of E. coqui increased linearly, whereas rates of E. wightmanae increased markedly from 20 to 25 degrees Centigrade, perishing at 30 degrees Centigrade. E. antillensis, E. wightmanae and E. juanariveroi exhibited a change in metabolic rates between 20 degrees Centigrade and 25 degrees Centigrade, the same range where occupancy shifts from lower to higher probability for all species. Climate projections suggest that species will be exposed to 2-3 additional hours during evenings at ≥25 degrees Centigrade below 300 m, and about 1 hour at 400-500 m. Species occurring in low elevations (≤400 m) may have to compensate for the additional energy expenditure induced by increased exposure and adjust their evening time budget. A continuing warming trend could begin to infringe on habitats of high elevation specialists like E. wightmanae.

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

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Dates

Metadata Created Date September 14, 2025
Metadata Updated Date September 17, 2025

Metadata Source

Harvested from DOI USGS DCAT-US

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date September 14, 2025
Metadata Updated Date September 17, 2025
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Maintainer
Identifier http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/usgs-65009778d34ed30c2057f6e5
Data Last Modified 2023-09-12T00:00:00Z
Category geospatial
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 010:12
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Metadata Catalog ID https://ddi.doi.gov/usgs-data.json
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Harvest Object Id 7883dc4a-12c2-4614-bd5b-6406d6ca3592
Harvest Source Id 2b80d118-ab3a-48ba-bd93-996bbacefac2
Harvest Source Title DOI USGS DCAT-US
Metadata Type geospatial
Old Spatial -67.00094, 18.14352, -66.97879, 18.21016
Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash db1a1a638a59ef20fa8a6a8131df6e166c40309ed465fad0d99cb2deb222640c
Source Schema Version 1.1
Spatial {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": -67.00094, 18.14352, -67.00094, 18.21016, -66.97879, 18.21016, -66.97879, 18.14352, -67.00094, 18.14352}

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