We provide genetic and distribution data for the Louisiana Pigtoe, Pleurobema riddellii, to guide decisions related to federal protection for the species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Our final dataset includes 125 COI sequences generated as part of our study representing P. riddellii from eight North American river basins. This includes the COI sequence we generated from a museum specimen collected from the Trinity River in the late 1900s, which is the first genetic confirmation of P. riddellii in the Trinity River basin. Also included are sequences from specimens initially identified as Fusconaia cerina (n=3) Fusconaia flava (n=1), Fusconaia sp. (n=5), Pleurobema sintoxia (n=10), and Pustulosa pustulosa (n=1) that were genetically confirmed to be P. riddellii. Additionally, we provide distribution data from freshwater mussel surveys, museum records, and field notes representing 467 records of P. riddellii collected from pre-1900 - 2022. The occurrence data includes records from 9 river basins (Amite, Calcasieu, Neches, Ouachita, Pearl, Red, Sabine, San Jacinto, Trinity), 54 HUC-10 watersheds, and 5 states (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas).