Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Skip to content

LOFAR 2-Meter Sky Survey Preliminary Data Release Source Catalog

Metadata Updated: September 19, 2025

The Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) is a deep 120-168 MHz imaging survey that will eventually cover the entire Northern sky. Each of the 3,170 pointings will be observed for 8 hours, which, at most declinations, is sufficient to produce ~5-arcsec resolution images with a sensitivity of ~0.1 mJy/beam and accomplish the main scientific aims of the survey which are to explore the formation and evolution of massive black holes, galaxies, clusters of galaxies and large-scale structure. Due to the compact core and long baselines of LOFAR, the images provide excellent sensitivity to both highly extended and compact emission. For legacy value, the data are archived at high spectral and time resolution to facilitate sub-arcsecond imaging and spectral line studies. In this paper, The authors provide an overview of the LoTSS. They outline the survey strategy, the observational status, the current calibration techniques, a preliminary data release, and the anticipated scientific impact. The preliminary images that they have released were created using a fully-automated but direction-independent calibration strategy and are significantly more sensitive than those produced by any existing large-area low-frequency survey. In excess of 44,000 sources are detected in the images that have a resolution of 25-arcseconds, typical noise levels of less than 0.5 mJy/beam, and cover an area of 381 square degrees in the region of the HETDEX Spring Field (Right Ascension 10<sup>h</sup> 45<sup>m</sup> 00<sup>s</sup> to 15<sup>h</sup> 30^m ^00<sup>s</sup> and Declination +45<sup>o</sup> 00' 00" to +57<sup>o</sup> 00' 00"). Source detection on the mosaics that are centered on each pointing was performed with PyBDSM (See <a href="http://www.astron.nl/citt/pybdsm/">http://www.astron.nl/citt/pybdsm/</a>; for more details). In an effort to minimize contamination from artifacts, the catalog was created using a conservative 7-sigma detection threshold. Furthermore, as the artifacts are predominantly in regions surrounding bright sources, the authors utilized the PyBDSM functionality to decrease the size of the box used to calculate the local noise when close to bright sources, which has the effect of increasing the estimated noise level in these regions. Their catalogs from each mosaic are merged to create a final catalogue of the entire HETDEX Spring Field region. During this process, the authors remove multiple entries for sources by only keeping sources that are detected in the mosaic centered on the pointing to which the source is closest to the center. In the catalog, they provide the type of source, for which they used PyBDSM to distinguish isolated compact sources, large complex sources, and sources that are within an island of emission that contains multiple sources. In addition, they attempted to distinguish between sources that are resolved and unresolved in their images. The authors have provided a preliminary data release from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS). This release contains 44,500 sources which were detected with a signal in excess of seven times the local noise in their 25" resolution images. The noise varies across the surveyed region but is typically below 0.5 mJy/beam and the authors estimate the catalog to be 90% complete for sources with flux densities in excess of 3.9 mJy/beam. This table was created by the HEASARC in February 2017 based on <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/598/A104">CDS Catalog J/A+A/598/A104</a> file lotss.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

Downloads & Resources

Dates

Metadata Created Date April 11, 2025
Metadata Updated Date September 19, 2025

Metadata Source

Harvested from NASA Data.json

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date April 11, 2025
Metadata Updated Date September 19, 2025
Publisher High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center
Maintainer
Identifier ivo://nasa.heasarc/lotssprcat
Data Last Modified 2025-09-10
Category Astrophysics
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 026:00
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Harvest Object Id 2b1f5292-433e-4aed-9f24-dee2abdfc533
Harvest Source Id 58f92550-7a01-4f00-b1b2-8dc953bd598f
Harvest Source Title NASA Data.json
Homepage URL https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/W3Browse/all/lotssprcat.html
Program Code 026:000
Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash 7b5dad21937b5543410a41069190e58d520909cfcb2483d18b1b63750f45421b
Source Schema Version 1.1

Didn't find what you're looking for? Suggest a dataset here.