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Jobs Proximity Index

Published by Office of Policy Development and Research, GIS Helpdesk and Open Data Division | Department of Housing and Urban Development | Catalog Last Checked: October 28, 2026 at 01:18 AM | Dataset Last Updated: July 21, 2023 at 07:43 PM
The Jobs Proximity Index quantifies the accessibility of a given residential neighborhood (Census Block Group) as a function of its distance to all job locations within a CBSA, with larger employment centers weighted more heavily. Specifically, a gravity model is used, where the accessibility (Ai) of a given residential block- group is a summary description of the distance to all job locations, with the distance from any single job location positively weighted by the size of employment (job opportunities) at that location and inversely weighted by the labor supply (competition) to that location. JOBS PROXIMITY INDEX Summary The jobs proximity index quantifies the accessibility of a given residential neighborhood as a function of its distance to all job locations within a CBSA, with larger employment centers weighted more heavily. Specifically, a gravity model is used, where the accessibility (Ai) of a given residential block- group is a summary description of the distance to all job locations, with the distance from any single job location positively weighted by the size of employment (job opportunities) at that location and inversely weighted by the labor supply (competition) to that location. More formally, the model has the following specification: Where i indexes a given residential block-group, and j indexes all n block groups within a CBSA. Distance, d, is measured as “as the crow flies” between block-groups i and j, with distances less than 1 mile set equal to 1. E represents the number of jobs in block-group j, and L is the number of workers in block-group j. The Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) has missing jobs data in all of Puerto Rico and a concentration of missing records in Massachusetts. Interpretation Values are percentile ranked with values ranging from 0 to 100. The higher the index value, the better the access to employment opportunities for residents in a neighborhood. Data Source: Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) data, 2017. Related AFFH-T Local Government, PHA and State Tables/Maps: Table 12; Map 8. To learn more about the Jobs Proximity Index visit: https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/fair_housing_equal_opp/affh; https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/FHEO/documents/AFFH-T-Data-Documentation-AFFHT0006-July-2020.pdf, for questions about the spatial attribution of this dataset, please reach out to us at GISHelpdesk@hud.gov. Date of Coverage: 07/2020

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Complete Metadata
@type Dataset
accessRights Public
accrualPeriodicity annually
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[
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description The Jobs Proximity Index quantifies the accessibility of a given residential neighborhood (Census Block Group) as a function of its distance to all job locations within a CBSA, with larger employment centers weighted more heavily. Specifically, a gravity model is used, where the accessibility (Ai) of a given residential block- group is a summary description of the distance to all job locations, with the distance from any single job location positively weighted by the size of employment (job opportunities) at that location and inversely weighted by the labor supply (competition) to that location. JOBS PROXIMITY INDEX Summary The jobs proximity index quantifies the accessibility of a given residential neighborhood as a function of its distance to all job locations within a CBSA, with larger employment centers weighted more heavily. Specifically, a gravity model is used, where the accessibility (Ai) of a given residential block- group is a summary description of the distance to all job locations, with the distance from any single job location positively weighted by the size of employment (job opportunities) at that location and inversely weighted by the labor supply (competition) to that location. More formally, the model has the following specification: Where i indexes a given residential block-group, and j indexes all n block groups within a CBSA. Distance, d, is measured as “as the crow flies” between block-groups i and j, with distances less than 1 mile set equal to 1. E represents the number of jobs in block-group j, and L is the number of workers in block-group j. The Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) has missing jobs data in all of Puerto Rico and a concentration of missing records in Massachusetts. Interpretation Values are percentile ranked with values ranging from 0 to 100. The higher the index value, the better the access to employment opportunities for residents in a neighborhood. Data Source: Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) data, 2017. Related AFFH-T Local Government, PHA and State Tables/Maps: Table 12; Map 8. To learn more about the Jobs Proximity Index visit: https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/fair_housing_equal_opp/affh; https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/FHEO/documents/AFFH-T-Data-Documentation-AFFHT0006-July-2020.pdf, for questions about the spatial attribution of this dataset, please reach out to us at GISHelpdesk@hud.gov. Date of Coverage: 07/2020
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issued 2023-07-05
keyword 
[
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  "Boundaries",
  "Economy",
  "Fair Housing",
  "Governmental Units",
  "HUD",
  "Jobs Proximity Index",
  "Location",
  "Society",
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modified 2023-07-21T19:43:37.762Z
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rights 
[
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title Jobs Proximity Index

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