We developed habitat suitability models for invasive plant species selected by Department of Interior land management agencies. We applied the modeling workflow developed in Young et al. 2020 to species not included in the original case studies. Our methodology balanced trade-offs between developing highly customized models for a few species versus fitting non-specific and generic models for numerous species. We developed a national library of environmental variables known to physiologically limit plant distributions and relied on human input based on natural history knowledge to further narrow the variable set for each species before developing habitat suitability models. We developed models using five algorithms with VisTrails: Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling [SAHM 2.1.2]. We accounted for uncertainty related to sampling bias by using two alternative sources of background samples, and constructed model ensembles using the 10 models for each species (five algorithms by two background methods) for four different thresholds.
Each species folder contains the potential distribution of the species and all raster layers were produced using VisTrails:SAHM [SAHM 2.1.2]. Each of the 8 rasters represent the following:
1) MPP - minimum predicted presence threshold
2) 0.01 - one percentile threshold
3) 0.1 - ten percentile threshold
4) MaxSS - maximum sensitivity plus specificity threshold
5) MPP - minimum predicted presence threshold with Restricted Environmental Conditions
6) 0.01 - one percentile threshold with Restricted Environmental Conditions
7) 0.1 - ten percentile threshold with Restricted Environmental Conditions
8) MaxSS - maximum sensitivity plus specificity threshold with Restricted Environmental Conditions
These rasters will be integrated into the Invasive Species Habitat Tool (INHABIT), a web application displaying visual and statistical summaries of nationwide habitat suitability models for manager identified invasive plant species. These species include: African rue (Peganum harmala), Air potato (Dioscorea bulbifera), Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii), Amur peppervine (Ampelopsis brevipedunculata), Annual bluegrass (Poa annua ), Annual rye (Lolium multiflorum), Asian mustard (Brassica tournefortii), Beefsteak mint (Perilla frutescens), Bigleaf periwinkle (Vinca major), Bird vetch (Vicia cracca), Bishop's goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria), Black henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), Bohemian knotweed (Fallopia bohemica), Bradford pear (Pyrus calleryana), Buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris), Bulbous bluegrass (Poa bulbosa), Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare), Bur buttercup (Ranunculus testiculatus), Burning bush (Euonymus alatus), Camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum), Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense), Cereal rye (Secale cereale), Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), Chinaberry (Melia azedarach), Chinese holly (Ilex cornuta), Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), Chinese tallowtree (Triadica sebifera), Chinese wisteria (Wisteria sinensis), Chocolate vine (Akebia quinata), Clasping pepperweed (Lepidium perfoliatum), Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica), Common crupina (Crupina vulgaris), Common gorse (Ulex europaeus ), Common reed (Phragmites australis), Common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare), Coral ardisia (Ardisia crenata), Crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica), Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera), Creeping buttercup (Ranunculus repens), Crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum), Crown vetch (Securigera varia), Dalmatian toadflax (Linaria dalmatica), Diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa), Dyer's woad (Isatis tinctoria), English holly (Ilex aquifolium), English ivy (Hedera helix), European beachgrass (Ammophila arenaria ), False brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum), Field brome (Bromus arvensis), Fountaingrass (Pennisetum setaceum), French broom (Genista monspessulana), Fuller's teasel (Dipsacus fullonum), Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), Giant knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis), Hairy cat's ear (Hypochaeris radicata), Halogeton (Halogeton glomeratus), Himalayan blackberry (Rubus bifrons), Himalayan knotweed (Polygonum polystachyum), Hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana), Houndstongue (Cynoglossum officinale), Iberian starthistle (Centaurea iberica), Ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum), Japanese chaff flower (Achyranthes japonica), Japanese climbing fern (Lygodium japonicum), Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum), Japanese wisteria (Wisteria floribunda), Jetbead (Rhodotypos scandens), Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica), Kochia (Kochia scoparia), Kudzu (Pueraria montana), Leafy spurge (Euphorbia virgata), Malta starthistle (Centaurea melitensis), Matgrass (Nardus stricta), Meadow hawkweed (Hieracium caespitosum), Mediterranean sage (Salvia aethiopis), Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae), Moneywort (Lysimachia nummularia), Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora), Musk thistle (Carduus nutans), Narrowleaf plantain (Plantago lanceolata), Old world climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum), Orange hawkweed (Hieracium aurantiacum), Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata), Oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), Pale yellow iris (Iris pseudacorus), Perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium), Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum), Puncture vine (Tribulus cistoides), Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), Purple mustard (Chorispora tenella), Purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa), Rattail fescue (Vulpia myuros), Rattlesnake brome (Bromus briziformis), Ravennagrass (Saccharum ravennae), Red brome (Bromus rubens), Red hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), Rose natal grass (Melinis repens), Rush skeletonweed (Chondrilla juncea), Russian knapweed (Rhaponticum repens), Russian thistle (Salsola tragus), Rye brome (Bromus secalinus), Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius), Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium), Sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata), Sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), Siebold's arrowwood (Viburnum sieboldii), Small bugloss (Anchusa arvensis), Smooth brome (Bromus inermis), Soft brome (Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus), Spiny cocklebur (Xanthium spinosum), Spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe), Squarrose knapweed (Centaurea virgata), Stinknet (Oncosiphon piluliferum), Sulphur cinquefoil (Potentilla recta), Tall hawkweed (Hieracium piloselloides), Tall oatgrass (Arrhenatherum elatius), Tansy ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris), Tatarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica), Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima), Tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca), Tumble mustard (Sisymbrium altissimum), Velvet grass (Holcus lanatus), Velvet leaf (Abutilon theophrasti), Ventenata (Ventenata dubia), Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare), Wavyleaf basketgrass (Oplismenus undulatifolius), Weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula), White bryony (Bryonia alba), White sweetclover (Melilotus albus), Whitetop (Lepidium draba), Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa), Wineberry (Rubus phoenicolasius), Yellow bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum), Yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis), and Yellow toadflax (Linaria vulgaris).
