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Great Smoky Mountains National Park Fish Index of Biotic Integrity

Metadata Updated: June 5, 2024

These data show the location (only) of Fish IBI study and monitoring sites within the park. The IBI provids a consistent theoretical framework for analyzing fish assemblage data. The IBI is an aggregation of 12 biological metrics that are based on the fish assemblage's taxonomic and trophic composition and the abundance and condition of fish. Such multiple-parameter indices are necessary for making objective evaluations of complex systems. The IBI was designed to evaluate the quality of small Midwestern warmwater streams but has been modified for use in many regions (e.g., eastern and western United States, Canada, France) and in different ecosystems (e.g., rivers, impoundments, lakes, and estuaries. The index of biotic integrity is an environmental assessment of a stream based on ecological metrics applied to the resident fish community (Karr, 1981). Twelve metrics address species richness and composition, trophic structure, fish abundance, and fish condition (Table 1). Each metric reflects the condition of one aspect of the fish community and is scored against expectations under reference conditions. Potential scores are 1-poor, 3-intermediate, or 5-the best to be expected. Scores for the 12 metrics are summed to produce the IBI for the site. The IBI is then classified using the system developed by Karr et al. (1986) rating the site from “Very poor” to “Excellent”. Additional information on the strategies underlying the methodology and individual metrics is presented by Plafkin et. al. (1989).The metrics attempt to quantify a park biologist's best professional judgment of the quality of the fish assemblage. The IBI utilizes professional judgment, but in a prescribed manner, and it includes quantitative standards for discriminating the condition of the fish assemblage. Best professional judgmentis involved in choosing both the most appropriate population or assemblage element that is representative of each metric and in setting the scoring criteria. This process can be easily and clearly modified, as opposed to judgments that occur after results are calculated. Each metric is scored against criteria based on expectations developed from appropriate regional reference sites. Metric values approximating, deviating slightly from, or deviating greatly from values occurring at the reference sites are scored as 5, 3, or 1, respectively. The scores of the 12 metrics are added for each station to give an IBI ranging from a maximum of 60 (excellent) to a minimum of 12 (very poor). Additional classifications can be derived from information in State and regional fish texts, by objectively assessing a large statewide database, or by contacting authors/originators of regional IBI programs or pilot studies. Use of the IBI by water resource agencies may result in further modifications. Many modifications have occurred without changing the IBI's basic theoretical foundations.The IBI serves as an integrated analysis because individual metrics may differ in their relative sensitivity to various levels of biological condition. A description and brief rationale for each of the 12 IBI metrics is outlined below. The original metrics described by Karr (1981) for Illinois streams are followed by substitutes used in or proposed for different geographic regions and stream sizes. Because of zoogeographic differences, different families or species are evaluated in different regions, with regional substitutes occupying the same general habitat or niche. The source for each substitute is footnoted below. Species Richness and Composition Metrics: These metrics assess the species richness component of diversity and the health of resident taxonomic groupings and habitat guilds of fishes. Two of the metrics assess assemblage composition in terms of tolerant or intolerant species.Species Richness and Composition Metrics: Metric 1. Total number of fish species: Total number of resident native fish species and salmonid age classes.Metric 2. Number and identity of

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

Downloads & Resources

References

https://nps.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=ec425c7126e447308a20abb475a582bd
https://grsm-nps.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/ec425c7126e447308a20abb475a582bd_0.zip
https://grsm-nps.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/ec425c7126e447308a20abb475a582bd_0.kml
https://grsm-nps.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/ec425c7126e447308a20abb475a582bd_0.csv
https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2223212

Dates

Metadata Created Date June 1, 2023
Metadata Updated Date June 5, 2024

Metadata Source

Harvested from DOI EDI

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date June 1, 2023
Metadata Updated Date June 5, 2024
Publisher National Park Service
Maintainer
@Id http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/fc4c05e36b4c906b53251b67fb0a2b36
Identifier NPS_DataStore_2223212
Data First Published 2015-07-18T12:00:00Z
Data Last Modified 2015-07-18
Category geospatial
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 010:24
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Metadata Catalog ID https://datainventory.doi.gov/data.json
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Data Quality True
Harvest Object Id 0a28f125-e3b8-43aa-af4f-130407d4f014
Harvest Source Id 52bfcc16-6e15-478f-809a-b1bc76f1aeda
Harvest Source Title DOI EDI
Homepage URL https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2223212
Metadata Type geospatial
Old Spatial -84.0139,35.42586,-83.0425,35.84241
Program Code 010:118, 010:119
Publisher Hierarchy White House > U.S. Department of the Interior > National Park Service
Related Documents https://nps.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=ec425c7126e447308a20abb475a582bd, https://grsm-nps.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/ec425c7126e447308a20abb475a582bd_0.zip, https://grsm-nps.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/ec425c7126e447308a20abb475a582bd_0.kml, https://grsm-nps.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/ec425c7126e447308a20abb475a582bd_0.csv, https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2223212
Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash 8cff1a65a7405972503e420b2cb88f74c7efe338ba77efd400ca0324a64d6aa3
Source Schema Version 1.1
Spatial {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": -84.0139, 35.42586, -84.0139, 35.84241, -83.0425, 35.84241, -83.0425, 35.42586, -84.0139, 35.42586}
Temporal 2020-01-11T12:00:00Z/2020-01-11T12:00:00Z

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