This data set contains raw GC-MS data files of neat ignitable liquids, substrates, and simulated fire debris samples. All samples were analyzed by conventional GC-MS and rapid GC-MS, a fast chromatographic screening technique. The raw data files contain chromatographic data (counts vs. retention time) for all samples analyzed. Gasoline and diesel fuel were chosen as ignitable liquids. Substrates (both unburned and burned without ignitable liquids) included carpet, wood, and primed wood. The simulated fire debris samples were generated by pouring aliquots of each ignitable liquid onto each substrate and subsequently igniting. The debris samples were prepared by passive-headspace extraction and analyzed by rapid GC-MS and traditional GC-MS. Major compounds in both gasoline and diesel fuel were identified following analysis by both techniques.Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this dataset in order to specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.