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Data from: Pathogenesis and transmission of reassorted H1 influenza A viruses detected in North American swine

Metadata Updated: October 2, 2025

Changes in influenza viruses that infect pigs have been observed for over two decades. The evolution of these viruses has led to several new strains. For instance, one such strain known as H1N2 emerged to infect pigs in the United States in 2015. This virus recently gained prevalence after acquiring a new N1 gene. Our study aimed to determine if the new N1 gene was responsible for increased transmission of the virus among pigs. To investigate this hypothesis, we analyzed four different strains of H1N1 or H1N2 influenza A virus. Each strain had different combinations of N1 and N2 genes. We infected pigs with these viruses and observed their clinical signs as well as transmission to other pigs. Regardless of the viral genes present, all variants of the virus were transmitted from one infected pig to another at the same levels. Therefore, the new N1 gene did not seem to have direct importance in increasing the transmission of the virus. These results suggest that the increase in detection may be associated with less protection from previous vaccines or infections due to the change in N1 or N2, or changes related to pig management or movement. Understanding how influenza A viruses spread provides important insights for the swine industry for disease prevention and vaccine developers for vaccine strain selection.

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: Creative Commons CCZero

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Dates

Metadata Created Date October 2, 2025
Metadata Updated Date October 2, 2025

Metadata Source

Harvested from USDA JSON

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date October 2, 2025
Metadata Updated Date October 2, 2025
Publisher Agricultural Research Service
Maintainer
Identifier 10.15482/USDA.ADC/29991676.v1
Data Last Modified 2025-09-08
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 005:18, 005:32
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Harvest Object Id 49658bd3-0881-40df-a32c-ac09016ba767
Harvest Source Id d3fafa34-0cb9-48f1-ab1d-5b5fdc783806
Harvest Source Title USDA JSON
License https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
Program Code 005:040
Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash f7189ff15b5e80927ed09e983019e863ea9b8eb3d9bc3bf59090563bc42144d9
Source Schema Version 1.1
Temporal 2022-01-01/2023-12-31

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