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Data for Uncontained Ruptures Reduce Energetics of Triggered Seismicity: Laboratory Fault Reactivation Experiments

Published by Pennsylvania State University | Department of Energy | Catalog Last Checked: August 03, 2026 at 01:04 AM | Dataset Last Updated: June 22, 2026 at 04:50 PM
The dataset contains raw mechanical data from laboratory fault reactivation experiments on pre-stressed granite/granitoid samples, along with experimental parameters and MATLAB processing code for data deduction. The raw time-series data were recorded using a triaxial-shear apparatus with ISCO pumps and an LVDT sensor, and include pressure, pump volume, flow rate, timestamp, and axial displacement measurements. A README is included with column descriptions, units, notes on dry experimental conditions, and processing guidance. This dataset supports a study that presents a unified model for forecasting the maximum magnitude of earthquakes triggered by fluid injection. The model incorporates fault pre-stress and distinguishes between two rupture regimes: contained ruptures, where slip is limited to the pressurized zone, and uncontained ruptures, where rupture extends beyond the pressurized reservoir but self-arrests before becoming runaway. We derive a simple linear scaling between seismic moment and injected volume that holds for both regimes. However, the dependence on fault pre-stress (S) shows opposite behavior: normalized moment decreases with increasing pre-stress for uncontained ruptures, while it increases for contained ruptures. As a result, higher pre-stress unexpectedly reduces the size and energetics of uncontained ruptures compared to contained ones. The predictions are validated through laboratory experiments on pre-stressed faults using discrete pressurized patches, dynamic rupture simulations, and field observations. The model successfully reproduces scaling relations across ~18 orders of magnitude in seismic moment and ~6 orders in length scale.

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Complete Metadata
@type dcat:Dataset
accessLevel public
bureauCode 
[
  "019:20"
]
contactPoint 
{
  "fn": "Matthew Roseboom",
  "@type": "vcard:Contact",
  "hasEmail": "mailto:mgr5160@psu.edu"
}
dataQuality 
true
description The dataset contains raw mechanical data from laboratory fault reactivation experiments on pre-stressed granite/granitoid samples, along with experimental parameters and MATLAB processing code for data deduction. The raw time-series data were recorded using a triaxial-shear apparatus with ISCO pumps and an LVDT sensor, and include pressure, pump volume, flow rate, timestamp, and axial displacement measurements. A README is included with column descriptions, units, notes on dry experimental conditions, and processing guidance. This dataset supports a study that presents a unified model for forecasting the maximum magnitude of earthquakes triggered by fluid injection. The model incorporates fault pre-stress and distinguishes between two rupture regimes: contained ruptures, where slip is limited to the pressurized zone, and uncontained ruptures, where rupture extends beyond the pressurized reservoir but self-arrests before becoming runaway. We derive a simple linear scaling between seismic moment and injected volume that holds for both regimes. However, the dependence on fault pre-stress (S) shows opposite behavior: normalized moment decreases with increasing pre-stress for uncontained ruptures, while it increases for contained ruptures. As a result, higher pre-stress unexpectedly reduces the size and energetics of uncontained ruptures compared to contained ones. The predictions are validated through laboratory experiments on pre-stressed faults using discrete pressurized patches, dynamic rupture simulations, and field observations. The model successfully reproduces scaling relations across ~18 orders of magnitude in seismic moment and ~6 orders in length scale.
distribution 
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identifier https://data.openei.org/submissions/8713
issued 2026-04-13T06:00:00Z
keyword 
[
  "Fault pre-stress",
  "Injection-induced seismicity",
  "MATLAB",
  "Rupture regimes",
  "Seismic moment scaling",
  "axial displacement",
  "contained rupture",
  "earthquake magnitude",
  "fault reactivation",
  "fluid injection",
  "forecasting",
  "geomechanics",
  "granite",
  "granitoid",
  "induced seismicity",
  "laboratory experiments",
  "raw data",
  "rupture mechanics",
  "seismic moment",
  "shear displacement",
  "triaxial shear",
  "triggered seismicity",
  "uncontained rupture"
]
landingPage https://gdr.openei.org/submissions/1831
license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
modified 2026-06-22T16:50:45Z
programCode 
[
  "019:006"
]
projectLead Lauren Boyd
projectNumber EE0007080
projectTitle Utah FORGE
publisher 
{
  "name": "Pennsylvania State University",
  "@type": "org:Organization"
}
spatial 
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title Data for Uncontained Ruptures Reduce Energetics of Triggered Seismicity: Laboratory Fault Reactivation Experiments

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