This file contains data associated with the paper "Our national nutrient reduction needs: Applying a conservation prioritization framework to US agricultural lands" by Kirk et al. This analysis uses data summarized by 8-digit hydrologic unit code, or HUC8, to prioritize conservation activities based on needs and opportunities for in-field and edge-of-field conservation practices. HUC8-level subwatersheds were prioritized across the conterminous US using national nutrient inventory and agricultural landscape metrics. By utilizing nutrient surplus and nutrient use efficiency, the paper identifies where conservation efforts can focus, but also which types of conservation practices, singularly or in combination, might mitigate the excess nutrients.