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An improved long-term high-resolution surface pCO2 data product for the Indian Ocean using machine learning from 1980-01-01 to 2020-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0307788)

Published by NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce | Catalog Last Checked: May 29, 2026 at 08:38 PM | Dataset Last Updated: September 09, 2025 at 12:00 AM
This dataset contains two improved surface pCO2 products, along with surface pCO2 from the INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model (pCO2_model) and other input variables. It is a long-term, high-resolution dataset developed for the Indian Ocean region (30°E - 120°E, 30°S - 30°N), covering the period from 1980 to 2019. The dataset features a monthly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of 1/12°. The file includes INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model outputs (sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), mixed layer depth (MLD), nitrate (NO3), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and chlorophyll-a (CHL)). These variables are used as inputs for machine learning models to improve the pCO2_model. The machine learning model predicts the surface pCO2 deviants (pCO2_obs - pCO2_model). The file also provides spatiotemporally varying uncertainties associated with the predicted pCO2 deviants.

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  • Descriptive Information

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307627.html

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307663.html

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  • https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/

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  • GCMD Keyword Forum Page

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0307788 CHLOROPHYLL DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) MIXED LAYER DEPTH NITRATE partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY WATER TEMPERATURE

Complete Metadata
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accessLevel non-public
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describedByType application/octet-steam
description This dataset contains two improved surface pCO2 products, along with surface pCO2 from the INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model (pCO2_model) and other input variables. It is a long-term, high-resolution dataset developed for the Indian Ocean region (30°E - 120°E, 30°S - 30°N), covering the period from 1980 to 2019. The dataset features a monthly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of 1/12°. The file includes INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model outputs (sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), mixed layer depth (MLD), nitrate (NO3), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and chlorophyll-a (CHL)). These variables are used as inputs for machine learning models to improve the pCO2_model. The machine learning model predicts the surface pCO2 deviants (pCO2_obs - pCO2_model). The file also provides spatiotemporally varying uncertainties associated with the predicted pCO2 deviants.
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identifier https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions/iso/xml/0307788.xml
issued 2025-09-08T00:00:00.000+00:00
keyword 
                                            [
  "0307788",
  "CHLOROPHYLL",
  "DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC)",
  "MIXED LAYER DEPTH",
  "NITRATE",
  "partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water",
  "SALINITY",
  "WATER TEMPERATURE",
  "carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer",
  "nitrate sensor",
  "salinometer",
  "temperature sensor",
  "chemical",
  "model output",
  "physical",
  "Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services",
  "Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services",
  "Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS)",
  "Indian Ocean",
  "oceanography",
  "Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CHLOROPHYLL",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CIRCULATION > OCEAN MIXED LAYER",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE",
  "EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY",
  "Model output",
  "CHL",
  "DIC",
  "Deviant_uncertainty",
  "MLD",
  "NO3",
  "SSS",
  "SST",
  "pCO2_Clim",
  "pCO2_Int",
  "pCO2_Original",
  "CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS",
  "SALINOMETERS",
  "TEMPERATURE SENSORS > TEMPERATURE SENSORS",
  "OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN",
  "Tropical Indian Ocean"
]
landingPage https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
language 
                                            []
license https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
modified 2025-09-09T00:00:00.000+00:00
publisher 
                                            {
  "name": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information",
  "@type": "org:Organization"
}
references 
                                            [
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307627.html",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307663.html",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307789.html",
  "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/"
]
rights otherRestrictions
spatial 120.0,-30.0,30.0,30.0
temporal 1980-01-01T00:00:00+00:00/2020-12-31T00:00:00+00:00
title An improved long-term high-resolution surface pCO2 data product for the Indian Ocean using machine learning from 1980-01-01 to 2020-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0307788)

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