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A New Approach for Representing Agent-Environment Feedbacks: Coupled Agent-Based and State-And-Transition Simulation Models

Metadata Updated: December 11, 2025

Agent-based models (ABMs) and state-and-transition simulation models (STSMs) are two classes of simulation models that have proven useful for understanding the processes underlying complex, dynamic ecosystems and evaluating practical questions about how ecosystems will respond to different scenarios of global change and environmental management. ABMs can simulate many types of agents (i.e., autonomous units, such as wildlife, livestock, people, or viruses) and are advantageous because they can represent agent characteristics, decision-making, adaptive behavior, mobility, and interactions, and can capture feedbacks between agents and their environment. STSMs are flexible and intuitive models of landscape dynamics that can track landscape attributes and management scenarios, and integrate diverse data types (e.g., output from correlative and mechanistic models). Both ABMs and STSMs can be run spatially and track important metrics of management success, including costs. Despite the complementarity of these two approaches, they have not been connected through a dynamic linkage until now. We report on analytical techniques and software tools that we developed to couple these modeling approaches using NetLogo, R, and the ST-Sim package for SyncroSim. We demonstrate the capabilities and value of this new approach through a proof-of-concept modeling example focused on bison-vegetation interactions in Badlands National Park. This coupled approach: 1) streamlines handling of model inputs and outputs; 2) increases the temporal resolution of agent-environment interactions that are available in ST-Sim; 3) minimizes assumptions; and 4) generates more realistic spatio-temporal patterns. With the developments presented here, modelers can now use output from an ABM to dictate changes in vegetation and their characteristics within an STSM, and create more realistic and management-relevant simulations.

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

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Dates

Metadata Created Date September 12, 2025
Metadata Updated Date December 11, 2025

Metadata Source

Harvested from DOI USGS DCAT-US

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date September 12, 2025
Metadata Updated Date December 11, 2025
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Maintainer
Identifier http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/usgs-60491584d34eb120311abbeb
Data Last Modified 2021-07-08T00:00:00Z
Category geospatial
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 010:12
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Metadata Catalog ID https://ddi.doi.gov/usgs-data.json
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Harvest Object Id fae0a4d7-2965-45d7-8004-38a6367bcdba
Harvest Source Id 2b80d118-ab3a-48ba-bd93-996bbacefac2
Harvest Source Title DOI USGS DCAT-US
Metadata Type geospatial
Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash 2ec611f33431fda4e87b24e82f7b81551f3bbc31c905bce49c80708a6495499e
Source Schema Version 1.1

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