This dataset presents paired air and stream temperature measurements from 11 sites in the Olympic Experimental State Forest within the Quillayute River Basin, and metrics to understand groundwater influence and thermal sensitivity at these sites. The study area consisted of upper reaches of the Dickey, Calawah, Sol Duc, Bogachiel Rivers, above their respective confluences with the Quillayute River. Paired, or co-located, air and stream water temperature data were collected continuously (every 60 or 120 minutes) by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources (WADNR), Forest Resources Division, between 2017 and 2022 (Minkova and Foster, 2017). Stream water temperature data were screened by WADNR to remove erroneous values corresponding to when the sensor was exposed to air. Thermal sensitivity analysis for each site was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey using only complete water years of the daily average values (October 1 to September 30, no gaps in the continuous record) from the paired data to ensure accurate thermal signal computations. Thermal signal metrics and paired air and stream temperature regression fits for each site and water year were generated using the Paired Air and Stream Temperature Analysis web application (PASTA; https://cuahsi.shinyapps.io/pasta/). Reference Cited: Minkova, T. and Foster, A., eds., 2017, Status and Trends Monitoring of Riparian and Aquatic Habitat in the Olympic Experimental State Forest: Monitoring Protocols: Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Forest Resources Division, accessed March 5, 2024, at https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/54632.