noaa-fire-2384 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2025-01-04 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Veblen fire data from BM8 - IMPD USBM-008 2004-11-04 publication doi:10.25921/mrrv-xq63 noaa-fire-2384 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Veblen, T.T. originator Veblen, T.T. author Kitzberger, T. originator Kitzberger, T. author Donnegan, J.A. originator Donnegan, J.A. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Fire. The data include parameters of fire history|tree ring with a geographic location of Colorado, United States Of America. The time period coverage is from 489 to -44 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past fire occurrence from tree rings, charcoal found in lake sediments, and other proxies. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. Additional information on the International Multiproxy Database (IMPD) dataset procedures are also available. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-fire.png Paleoclimatology - Fire History PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Land Records > Fire History theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > fire history|tree ring earth science > paleoclimate > fire history|tree ring earth science > paleoclimate > fire history > establishment dates earth science > paleoclimate > fire history > fire scar dates theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian PIPO Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson ponderosa pine western yellow pine theme What: age; Material: null What: tree demographic and injury and fire event code; Material: wood theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Continent > North America > United States Of America > Colorado > BM8 > LATITUDE 40.108611 > LONGITUDE -105.339167 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Veblen, T.T.; Kitzberger, T.; Donnegan, J.A. (2004-11-04): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Veblen fire data from BM8 - IMPD USBM-008. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/mrrv-xq63. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Climatic and human influences on fire regimes in ponderosa pine forests in the Colorado Front Range 2000 publication T.T. Veblen, T. Kitzberger, and J. Donnegan author Ecological Applications publisher https://doi.org/10.2307/2641025 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2000 T.T. Veblen, T. Kitzberger, and J. Donnegan, 2000: Climatic and human influences on fire regimes in ponderosa pine forests in the Colorado Front Range. Ecological Applications, 10, 1178-1195, 10.2307/2641025 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 1461 CE to 1994 CE; Date Range: 489 cal yr BP to -44 cal yr BP; -105.339167 -105.339167 40.108611 40.108611 Study Coordinates 40.108611 -105.339167 1461 1994 STUDY NOTES: On January, 1, 2023, establishment data file usbm-008.dat was added to its parent IMPD dataset/study accessible at: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/2384 and https://doi.org/10.25921/mrrv-xq63. It was contributed as part of the Gartner, Sherriff, Veblen, & Schoennagel, Fire data from the Colorado Front Range, 2014 study at: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/17194 ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: In the northern Colorado Front Range, fire suppression during the 20th century is believed to have created a high hazard of catastrophic fire in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests. Since the early 1990s, resource managers have increased the use of prescribed fires to re-create fire regimes and forest structures similar to those of the pre-Euro-American settlement period in order both to reduce fire hazard and to improve forest health. To improve understanding of historical fire regimes, we conducted a study of fire history along an elevational gradient from ∼1830 to 2800 m in ponderosa pine forests in the northern Front Range. Fire-scar dates were determined from 525 partial cross sections from living and dead trees at 41 sample sites. Fire frequencies and fire intervals were analyzed in relation to changes in human activities and interannual climatic variability as recorded in instrumental climatic records and tree-ring proxy records. Prior to modern fire suppression, the low elevation, open ponderosa pine forests of the northern Front Range were characterized by frequent surface fires, similar in frequency to many other ponderosa pine ecosystems in the West. In contrast, in higher elevation forests (above ~2400 m) where ponderosa pine is mixed with Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), the fire regime was characterized by a much lower fire frequency and included extensive stand-replacing fires as well as surface fires. In the mid-1800s there was a marked increase in fire occurrence that can be related both to Euro-American settlement and increased climatic variability. This episode of increased fire left a legacy of dense, even-aged stands in higher elevation ponderosa pine forests, whereas increased stand densities in low elevation forests are attributed mainly to fire exclusion during the 20th century. Warmer and drier spring–summers, indicated in instrumental climatic records (1873–1995) and in tree-ring proxy records of climate (1600–1983), are strongly associated with years of widespread fire. Years of widespread fire also tend to be preceded two to four years by wetter than average springs that increase the production of fine fuels. Alternation of wet and dry periods over time periods of 2–5 years is conducive to fire spread and is strongly linked to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The warm (El Niño) phase of ENSO is associated with greater moisture availability during spring that results in a peak of fire occurrence several years following El Niño events. Conversely, dry springs associated with La Niña events were followed by more widespread fire during the same year. The 1600–1920 fire-scar record indicates that individual years during which high percentages of the 41 sample sites synchronously recorded fire have occurred at least several times per century. The association of these years of widespread fire with very strong ENSO events demonstrates the importance of ENSO-related climatic variabililty in creating extreme fire hazard at a landscape scale. 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Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/mrrv-xq63 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/2384 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/fire-history HTTPS Information NCEI Fire Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usbm-008.txt HTTPS Download /firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usbm-008.txt Fire Scar Data download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usbm-008.fhx HTTPS Download /firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usbm-008.fhx Fire Scar Data download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/usbm-008-fire-hist-graph.png HTTPS Download /firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/usbm-008-fire-hist-graph.png Fire Scar Data download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/usbm-008-fire-hist-graph.pdf HTTPS Download /firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/usbm-008-fire-hist-graph.pdf Fire Scar Data download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/establishment/northamerica/usbm-008.dat HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21