noaa-model-21331 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2025-04-24 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Last Glacial Maximum and Preindustrial Iron Flux Global Ocean Model Results 2017-01-31 publication doi:10.25921/bts4-rg83 noaa-model-21331 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Muglia, J. originator Muglia, J. author Somes, C.J. originator Somes, C.J. author Nickelsen, L. originator Nickelsen, L. author Schmittner, A. originator Schmittner, A. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Paleoclimatology Modeling. The data include parameters of paleoclimatic modeling with a geographic location of Global Ocean. The time period coverage is from Unavailable begin date to Unavailable end date in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Computer simulations of past climate. Variables provided as model output are described by parameter keyword. In some cases the parameter keywords are a subset of all archived model output, and additional output is available upon request. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-model.png Paleoclimatology - Modeling PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > 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science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > model > ocean model theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Last Glacial Maximum theme What: dissolved inorganic carbon; Material: sea surface What: nitrate; Material: sea surface What: soil temperature; Material: null What: soil carbon; Material: null What: biomass burning; Material: null What: sea water temperature; Material: null What: sea water salinity; Material: null What: northward ocean heat transport; Material: null What: dissolved inorganic carbon; Material: sea water What: Delta 14C; Material: sea water What: phosphate; Material: sea water What: diazotroph; Material: sea water What: dissolved organic nitrogen; Material: sea water What: diazotroph; Material: sea water What: diazotroph; Material: sea water What: snow depth; Material: null What: upward sea water velocity; Material: null What: upward sea water velocity; Material: null What: grazing; Material: null What: nitrogen fixation; Material: null What: remineralization; Material: null What: surface air temperature; Material: null What: carbon dioxide; Material: null What: sea ice cover; Material: null What: insolation; Material: null What: vegetation carbon; Material: null What: soil carbon; Material: null What: vegetation carbon; Material: null What: canopy height; Material: null What: dissolved inorganic carbon; Material: sea water What: zooplankton; Material: sea water What: sea water y velocity; Material: null What: specific humidity; Material: null What: evaporation; Material: null What: top-of-atmosphere outgoing longwave radiation; Material: null What: alkalinity; Material: sea surface What: litter carbon; Material: null What: vegetation carbon; Material: null What: sea water salinity; Material: null What: 14C; Material: sea water What: organic matter; Material: sea water What: dissolved organic carbon; Material: sea water What: streamflow; Material: null What: virtual salt flux; Material: null What: surface pressure; Material: null What: soil moisture; Material: null What: ice temperature; Material: null What: surface downward x stress; Material: null What: surface downward y stress; Material: null What: sea water potential temperature; Material: null What: sea water x velocity; Material: null What: snow volume; Material: null What: surface net downward shortwave radiation; Material: null What: top-of-atmosphere net downward shortwave radiation; Material: null What: dissolved inorganic carbon; Material: sea surface What: primary productivity; Material: null What: sea water temperature; Material: null What: nitrate; Material: sea water What: phytoplankton; Material: sea water What: phytoplankton; Material: sea water What: organic matter; Material: sea water What: meridional overturning streamfunction; Material: null What: runoff; Material: null What: sea ice y velocity; Material: null What: carbon dioxide; Material: null What: delta 13C; Material: null What: Delta 14C; Material: null What: 14C; Material: sea surface What: primary productivity; Material: null What: primary productivity; Material: null What: primary productivity; Material: null What: leaf area index; Material: null What: dissolved inorganic carbon; Material: sea water What: 13C; Material: sea water What: oxygen; Material: sea water What: organic matter; Material: sea water What: dissolved organic nitrogen; Material: sea water What: zooplankton; Material: sea water What: zooplankton; Material: sea water What: aragonite saturation state; Material: sea surface What: wind speed; Material: null What: ice sheet area; Material: null What: calcite; Material: null What: sea water x velocity; Material: null What: sea water y velocity; Material: null What: grazing; Material: null What: mortality; Material: null What: grazing; Material: null What: export; Material: null What: latitude; Material: null What: phosphate; Material: sea surface What: soil respiration; Material: null What: phytoplankton; Material: sea water What: nitrate; Material: sea water What: meridional overturning streamfunction; Material: null What: carbonate ion; Material: sea surface What: sea ice cover; Material: null What: sea ice x velocity; Material: null What: barotropic streamfunction; Material: null What: excretion; Material: null What: mortality; Material: null What: denitrification; Material: null What: denitrification; Material: null What: export; Material: null What: precipitation; Material: null What: sensible heat flux; Material: null What: planetary albedo; Material: null What: oxygen; Material: sea surface What: dissolved organic nitrogen; Material: sea surface What: dissolved organic nitrogen; Material: sea surface What: soil respiration; Material: null What: 14C; Material: sea water What: alkalinity; Material: sea water What: relative sea level; Material: null What: snowfall; Material: null What: northward wind speed; Material: null What: sea ice thickness; Material: null What: grazing; Material: null What: mortality; Material: null What: sea ice volume; Material: null What: surface net upward longwave radiation; Material: null What: top-of-atmosphere net downward radiation; Material: null What: sea surface temperature; Material: null What: sea surface salinity; Material: null What: dissolved organic carbon; Material: sea surface What: biomass burning; Material: null What: soil carbon; Material: null What: soil respiration; Material: null What: biomass burning; Material: null What: temperature tendency; Material: null What: northward ocean salt transport; Material: null What: oxygen; Material: sea water What: pH; Material: sea surface What: calcite saturation state; Material: sea surface What: carbon dioxide; Material: sea surface What: longitude; Material: null What: eastward wind speed; Material: null What: ice sheet thickness; Material: null What: sedimentation rate; Material: null theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Geographic Region > Global Ocean > Global Ocean > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Muglia, J.; Somes, C.J.; Nickelsen, L.; Schmittner, A. (2017-01-31): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Last Glacial Maximum and Preindustrial Iron Flux Global Ocean Model Results. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/bts4-rg83. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Combined effects of atmospheric and seafloor iron fluxes to the glacial ocean 2017 publication Muglia, Juan, Christopher Somes, Levin Nickelsen, and Andreas Schmittner author Paleoceanography publisher https://doi.org/10.1002/2016PA003077 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2017 Muglia, Juan, Christopher Somes, Levin Nickelsen, and Andreas Schmittner, 2017: Combined effects of atmospheric and seafloor iron fluxes to the glacial ocean. Paleoceanography, 32, 1204-1218, 10.1002/2016PA003077 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Paleo date information not available. -180 180 -80 90 1950 STUDY NOTES: Study contains data from LGM and Preindustrial model runs. The data folders contain output files, which are tavg and tsi netcdf files. The rest of the files are necessary to run the model, if more experiments are going to be carried out. ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: Changes in the ocean iron cycle during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) have been proposed to help explain the low atmospheric CO2 from this period. Previous global modeling studies, however, have only considered changes in aeolian iron fluxes, although it is known that sedimentary and hydrothermal fluxes are important iron sources for today's ocean. Here we evaluate the effect of preindustrial-to-LGM changes in atmospheric dust, sedimentary, and hydrothermal fluxes on the ocean's iron and carbon cycles in a global coupled biogeochemical circulation model. Considering variable iron solubility we find that higher dust fluxes into the ocean in the LGM increase productivity and enhance the biological pump, sequestering carbon in deep waters and lowering CO2 by 4 ppm. The effect is countered by a decrease in sedimentary release of iron due to lower sea level, which increases CO2 by 15 ppm. In an upper-limit estimation of Southern Ocean surface iron fertilization, assuming a 10 times higher solubility for this region, combined with changes in sedimentary release we find an increase in deep dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations, that could potentially reduce atmospheric CO2 by 13 ppm. A five-fold increase in hydrothermal sources of iron during the LGM may have decreased atmospheric CO2 by an additional 6 ppm. We conclude that when addressing LGM-preindustrial changes in the ocean iron cycle, not only surface but also sedimentary and hydrothermal fluxes have to be taken into account. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/bts4-rg83 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/21331 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoclimatology-modeling HTTPS Information NCEI Paleoclimatology Modeling Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/muglia2017/muglia2017.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/muglia2017/ HTTPS Download /gcmoutput/muglia2017/ Data Folder download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21