noaa-cave-30432 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2025-04-01 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Katalekhor Cave, Iran Holocene Stalagmite Isotope and Trace Element Data 2020-07-06 publication doi:10.25921/b313-wc58 noaa-cave-30432 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Andrews, J.E. originator Andrews, J.E. author Carolin, S.A. originator Carolin, S.A. author Peckover, E.N. originator Peckover, E.N. author Marca, A. originator Marca, A. author Al-Omari, S. originator Al-Omari, S. author Rowe, P.J. originator Rowe, P.J. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Cave. The data include parameters of speleothems with a geographic location of Iran, Southcentral Asia. The time period coverage is from 9365 to 24 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past temperature, precipitation, and other aspects of climate derived from mineral deposits found in caves. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-cave.png Paleoclimatology - Speleothem PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Land Records > Cave Deposits Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Speleothems Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Land Records > Cave Deposits theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems > trace metals earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems > carbon isotopes earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems > oxygen isotopes theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian What: age; Material: null What: age; Material: null What: age; Material: null What: delta 18O; Material: calcite What: depth; Material: null What: delta 13C; Material: calcite What: magnesium; Material: calcite What: age; Material: null What: strontium; Material: calcite What: barium; Material: calcite What: age; Material: null What: age; Material: null theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Continent > Asia > Southcentral Asia > Iran > Katalekhor Cave > LATITUDE 35.85 > LONGITUDE 48.16 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Andrews, J.E.; Carolin, S.A.; Peckover, E.N.; Marca, A.; Al-Omari, S.; Rowe, P.J. (2020-07-06): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Katalekhor Cave, Iran Holocene Stalagmite Isotope and Trace Element Data. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/b313-wc58. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. 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Holocene stable isotope record of insolation and rapid climate change in a stalagmite from the Zagros of Iran 2020 publication Andrews, Julian; Carolin, Stacy; Peckover, Emily; Marca, Alina; Al-Omari, Sa-ad; Rowe, Peter author Quaternary Science Reviews publisher https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106433 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2020 Andrews, Julian; Carolin, Stacy; Peckover, Emily; Marca, Alina; Al-Omari, Sa-ad; Rowe, Peter, 2020: Holocene stable isotope record of insolation and rapid climate change in a stalagmite from the Zagros of Iran. Quaternary Science Reviews, 241, , 10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106433 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 9365 cal yr BP to 24 cal yr BP; 48.16 48.16 35.85 35.85 Study Coordinates 35.85 48.16 -7415 1926 STUDY NOTES: Stalagmite stable isotope (d13C, d18O) and trace element (Mg, Sr, Ba) data from Katalekhor Cave, Zagros Mountains, Iran, for the past 9,300 years. Provided Keywords: Holocene, Iran, Zagros, Rapid climate change ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: We explore Holocene climatic changes recorded by geochemical proxies in a single, well-dated, stalagmite from the northern Zagros Mountains of Iran, a region where stalagmite records have so far only provided short glimpses of Holocene climatic changes. Stalagmite KT-3 from Katalekhor Cave began growing ~9.5 ka under wet early Holocene conditions coincident with the timing of Sapropel 1. At this time d18O values were at or below -9.0 per mil, stalagmite growth diameter was at its maximum, 234U/238U0 activity values were low and trace element contents indicate flushing of the epikarst. Progressive reduction in winter precipitation amount after 7.0 ka, is recorded by increasing d18O and 234U/238U0 activity values and reduction in trace element contents and growth diameter until ~2.0 ka. These trends follow the reduction in summer insolation and agree with model-simulated changes in total rainfall and rainwater isotopes. Sub-centennial-scale variability is not a feature of the d18O or trace element records; this suggests a stable winter recharge regime, a feature that might militate against KT-3 d18O recording changes in the seasonality of rainfall. KT-3 d13C compositions are enriched relative to lower altitude stalagmites in the Levant, implying low soil CO2 contribution (thin montane soils). However, a broadly decreasing millennial-scale trend in d13C suggests that soil carbon contributions increased with time despite the progressive reduction in winter precipitation amount. The d13C changes probably reflect decreasing summer temperatures and less extreme wintertime coldness, driven by reducing summer - and increasing winter - insolation respectively. These combined effects decreased effective evaporation and improved soil-moisture availability favouring vegetation development during the growth season. The d13C values also show ~1.5 per mil centennial-scale variability with higher d13C values between 9.0 and 8.7 ka, 8.3-7.7 ka, 6.5-5.5 ka, 5.4-4.5 ka and ~4.3-2.0 ka: three of these correspond with Rapid Climate Change (RCC) events based on non-seasalt potassium (K+) in Greenland ice cores. Higher d13C values indicate poor soil development caused by aridity. The centennial-scale d13C anomaly (8.3-7.7 ka) is in part overprinted by the ~160 year-long, 8.2 ka cold/dry event, but culmination ~7.7 ka corresponds with other records suggesting an intensified Siberian High Pressure system affecting regional climate. The centennial-scale d13C anomaly between 4.3 and 2.0 ka overlaps the 2.65 to 2.50 ka 'Assyrian megadrought' evident in stalagmite stable isotope records in northern Iraq. The KT-3 record is key in better understanding Holocene climate change in the central Zagros region, representative of montane 'fertile crescent' environments. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/b313-wc58 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/30432 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/speleothem HTTPS Information NCEI Cave Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/asia/iran/katalekhor2020-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /speleothem/asia/iran/katalekhor2020-noaa.txt Speleothem download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21