gov.noaa.nodc:0162228 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-07-23T13:01:41Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from the coastal surface underway observations using carbon dioxide gas analyzer, shower head equilibrator and other instruments from NOAA Ship Henry B. Bigelow in the North Atlantic Ocean, US North East coast from 2014-03-29 to 2014-11-13 (NCEI Accession 0162228) 2017-05-02 publication 2017-03-29 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.7289/v5pr7t65 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0162228 NCEI Archive Management System 0162228 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Kevin F. Sullivan Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) Kevin.Sullivan@noaa.gov https://cimas.earth.miami.edu/ HTTPS Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Rik Wanninkhof NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.gov https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Kevin F. Sullivan Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) Kevin.Sullivan@noaa.gov https://cimas.earth.miami.edu/ HTTPS Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Wanninkhof, Rik NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information author Sullivan, Kevin F. Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies Kevin.Sullivan@noaa.gov https://cimas.earth.miami.edu/ HTTPS Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) website Institution web page information author NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset includes Surface underway, chemical, meteorological and physical data collected from NOAA Ship Henry B. Bigelow in the North Atlantic Ocean, US North East coast from 2014-03-29 to 2014-11-13. These data include measurements of mole fraction of CO2 in the equilibrator headspace (dry) at equilibrator temperature, mole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air, barometric pressure in the equilibrator headspace, barometric pressure, corrected to sea level, water temperature in equilibrator, sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, fugacity of CO2 in sea water at SST and 100% humidity, and difference between sea water fCO2 and interpolated air fCO2. The instruments used to collect these data include carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement. These data were collected by Rik Wanninkhof and Denis Pierrot of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. The major objectives of this SOOP project is to provide a high quality measurements of atmospheric and sea surface fCO2, sea surface salinity, temperature, and other parameters, in the North-East US coastal area between North Carolina and Maine. Funding Information: NOAA Climate Program Office Program (NOAA Ocean Acidification Program) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0162228 Preview graphic PNG 0162228 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2016-08-28 publication BAROMETRIC PRESSURE partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer showerhead equilibrator instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical meteorological physical surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Ship Henry B. Bigelow platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Ship of Opportunity Programme (SOOP) US DOC; NOAA; Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS North Atlantic Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/OAR/AOML > Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian HB1401_Legs1-5 Spring Bottom Trawl Survey HB1402 Deep Corals with ROPOS HB1403 Cetacean and Turtle Biology HB1404 Deep Coral Habitats HB1405_Legs1-4 Autumn Bottom Trawl Survey project Cruise ID 33HH20140329 33HH20140411 33HH20140506 33HH20140516 33HH20140527 33HH20140618 33HH20140725 33HH20140805 33HH20140908 33HH20140923 33HH20141007 33HH20141028 project EXPOCODE Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords Coastal project Reference Section ID NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) project Research Projects EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Surface underway theme OCADS Study Type Coastal data theme Provider Keywords PRES_ATM@SSP_hPa SAL_permil SST_C fCO2_SW@SST theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS EQUILIBRATORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian HENRY B. BIGELOW (call sign: WTDF, ICES code: 33HH, 2005-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian North Atlantic Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Wanninkhof, Rik; Sullivan, Kevin F. (2017). Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from the coastal surface underway observations using carbon dioxide gas analyzer, shower head equilibrator and other instruments from NOAA Ship Henry B. Bigelow in the North Atlantic Ocean, US North East coast from 2014-03-29 to 2014-11-13 (NCEI Accession 0162228). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.7289/v5pr7t65. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8-10), 512–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 2009-04 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 related journal article information Pierrot, Denis author Neill, Craig author Sullivan, Kevin author Castle, Robert author Wanninkhof, Rik author Lüger, Heike author Johannessen, Truls author Olsen, Are author Feely, Richard A. author Cosca, Catherine E. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56(8-10) ISSN 0967-0645, pp. 512-522 crossReference project R/V Henry Bigelow Surface/Underway Data 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Coastal/Bigelow.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Coastal/Bigelow.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -76.45 -65.33 34.27 45.16 2014-03-29 2014-11-13 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 10.052 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0162228.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.7289/v5pr7t65 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/162228 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/162228 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0106/0162228/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0162228 v1.1 was published. 2017-05-02T12:29:07Z NCEI Accession 0162228 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0162228/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0162228 v1.1 published 2017-05-02T12:29:07Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous; Abbreviation: fCO2_SW@SST; Unit: uatm; Observation type: Surface underway; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Seawater pump; Location of seawater intake: Bow; Analyzing instrument: Infrared Analyzer: LI-COR model 6262; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8-10), 512-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005; Equilibrator type: Spray head above dynamic pool, with thermal jacket; Equilibrator volume: 0.95 L (0.4 L water, 0.55 L headspace); Is the equilibrator vented or not: Vented; Water flow rate: 1.5 - 2.0 L/min; Gas flow rate: 70 - 150 ml/min; How was temperature inside the equilibrator measured: Hart Scientific model 1523 digital thermometer; How was pressure inside the equilibrator measured: External Setra 270 connected to the exit of the analyzer; Drying method for gas: Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry).; SEA CO2 gas detector manufacturer: Licor, Inc; SEA CO2 gas detector model: Licor 6262; SEA CO2 gas detector resolution: 0.01 uatm; SEA CO2 gas detector uncertainty: 2 uatm; Standardization technique: The analyzer is calibrated every 4.3 hours with field standards that in turn were calibrated with primary standards that are directly traceable to the WMO scale. The zero gas is ultra-high purity air.; Standardization frequency: Every 4.3 hours; Standard gas manufacturer: Scott-Marrin, Inc.; Standard gas concentration: Std 1: JA02645, 204.74 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~3.5 hours. Std 2: JA02273, 317.49 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~3.5 hours. Std 3: JB03591, 409.69 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~3.5 hours. Std 4: JA02647, 518.24 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~3.5 hours. Std 5: 0.00 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~17.0 hours.; Standard gas uncertainty: 0.01 ppm; Water vapor correction method: Details of the data reduction are described in Pierrot, et.al. (2009).; Temperature correction method: Details of the data reduction are described in Pierrot, et.al. (2009).; At what temperature was pCO2 reported: In situ sea surface temperature; Uncertainty: 0.01C; Quality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value; Method reference: Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8-10), 512-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005; Researcher name: Kevin Sullivan; Researcher institution: NOAA/AOML Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Temperature; Abbreviation: SST_C; Unit: degrees celcius; Observation type: Surface Underway; Analyzing instrument: SBE 38, Seabird, Inc.; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: After sea water pump, ~3 m below sea surface; Uncertainty: Accuracy: 0.001C, Precision: 0.0003C; Researcher name: Kevin Sullivan; Researcher institution: NOAA/AOML Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Salinity; Abbreviation: SAL_permil; Observation type: Surface Underway; Analyzing instrument: SBE 45, Seabird, Inc.; Uncertainty: Accuracy: +/- 0.005; Precision: 0.0002; Researcher name: Kevin Sullivan; Researcher institution: NOAA/AOML Parameter or Variable: Atmospheric Pressure; Abbreviation: PRES_ATM@SSP_hPa; Unit: hPa; Analyzing instrument: Vaisala, Model: PTB220; Uncertainty: Accuracy: +/- 0.15 hPa; Precision: 0.01 hPa; Researcher name: Kevin Sullivan; Researcher institution: NOAA/AOML asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. showerhead equilibrator showerhead equilibrator extracts dissolved CO2 from water A carbon dioxide equilibrator is usually in the shape of a vertical tube, with a showerhead on the top, some headspace, a lot of beads to increase the surface exchange area between water and air, a water seal device at the bottom to allow water to overflow, but prevents air exchange between inside and outside. Carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer (insttypes_id 183) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. NOAA Ship Henry B. Bigelow Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Fishery Research Vessel (Oceanographic) DOB: Jun 2006 IMO: 9349057 NOAA Ship HENRY B. BIGELOW was launched on July 8, 2005 and commissioned by NOAA on July 16, 2007. For more information, see http://www.moc.noaa.gov/hb. Submitted by NODC to ICES on 2010-09-08. Confirmed in ICES by NOAA on 2012-10-02.