noaa-coral-20247 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2025-08-28 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Tarawa Atoll Mn/Ca, westerly wind index, and d18O Data and Jarvis Island Sr/Ca Data from 1890-1982 2016-06-09 publication doi:10.25921/a44s-e922 noaa-coral-20247 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Thompson, D.M. originator Thompson, D.M. author Cole, J.E. originator Cole, J.E. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Coral. The data include parameters of corals and sclerosponges with a geographic location of Kiribati, Central Pacific Ocean. The time period coverage is from 60 to -40 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past climate and ocean environment derived from stable isotope, trace metal, and other measurements made on corals and sclerosponges. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-coral.png Paleoclimatology - Coral and Sclerosponge PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Biological Records > Coral Deposits Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Ocean/Lake Records > Coral Deposits Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Ocean/Lake Records > Coral Deposits theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges > trace metals earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges > oxygen isotopes theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian ENSO theme What: strontium/calcium; Material: Porites sp. What: age; Material: null What: manganese/calcium; Material: Porites sp. What: wind speed; Material: manganese/calcium What: age; Material: null What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Ocean > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Kiribati > Tarawa Atoll > LATITUDE 1.33 > LONGITUDE 172.97 Ocean > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Jarvis Island 1999 Core > LATITUDE -.37167 > LONGITUDE -159.983 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Thompson, D.M.; Cole, J.E. (2016-06-09): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Tarawa Atoll Mn/Ca, westerly wind index, and d18O Data and Jarvis Island Sr/Ca Data from 1890-1982. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/a44s-e922. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Early twentieth-century warming linked to tropical Pacific wind strength 2015 publication Thompson, D.M., Cole, J.E., Shen, G.T., Tudhope, A.W., and Meehl, G.A. author Nature Geoscience publisher https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2321 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2015 Thompson, D.M., Cole, J.E., Shen, G.T., Tudhope, A.W., and Meehl, G.A., 2015: Early twentieth-century warming linked to tropical Pacific wind strength. Nature Geoscience, 8, 117-121, 10.1038/ngeo2321 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 1890 CE to 1990 CE; Date Range: 60 cal yr BP to -40 cal yr BP; -159.983 172.97 -.37167 1.33 1890 1990 STUDY NOTES: Tarawa westerly wind reconstruction (1894-1982) from seasonally resolved measurements of Mn/Ca ratios. Mn/Ca measurement precision- 1s : ±1.6-2 nmol Mn/ mol Ca, d18O measurement precision- ±0.08 per mil. Jarvis Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) 10-year smoothed & detrended for comparison with Tarawa westerly wind reconstruction. Sr/Ca measurement precision- 1s : ±0.044 mmol/mol for in-house coral std. Provided Keywords: Trade winds, ENSO, Hiatus ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: Of the rise in global atmospheric temperature over the past century, nearly 30% occurred between 1910 and 1940 when anthropogenic forcings were relatively weak. This early warming has been attributed to internal factors, such as natural climate variability in the Atlantic region, and external factors, such as solar variability and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the warming is too large to be explained by external factors alone and it precedes Atlantic warming by over a decade. For the late twentieth century, observations and climate model simulations suggest that Pacific trade winds can modulate global temperatures, but instrumental data are scarce in the early twentieth century. Here we present a westerly wind reconstruction (1894-1982) from seasonally resolved measurements of Mn/Ca ratios in a western Pacific coral that tracks interannual to multidecadal Pacific climate variability. We then reconstruct central Pacific temperatures using Sr/Ca ratios in a coral from Jarvis Island, and find that weak trade winds and warm temperatures coincide with rapid global warming from 1910 to 1940. In contrast, winds are stronger and temperatures cooler between 1940 and 1970, when global temperature rise slowed down. We suggest that variations in Pacific wind strength at decadal timescales significantly influence the rate of surface air temperature change. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/a44s-e922 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/20247 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/coral-sclerosponge HTTPS Information NCEI Coral Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-tarawa-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-tarawa-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-jarvis-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/central_pacific/thompson2015/thompson2015-jarvis-noaa.txt Coral download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21