gov.noaa.nodc:0142202 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-04-29T13:10:00Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) North Pacific killer whale genetic studies conducted by Alaska Fisheries Scientific Center, National Marine Mammal Laboratory from 1990-10-26 to 2010-07-07 (NCEI Accession 0142202) 2016-02-17 publication 2016-02-11 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0142202 NCEI Archive Management System 0142202 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Janice Waite NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) janice.waite@noaa.gov https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/marine-mammal-laboratory HTTPS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/marine-mammal-laboratory HTTPS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Kim Parsons NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/marine-mammal-laboratory HTTPS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Parsons, Kim NMFS/AFSC Marine Mammal Laboratory https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/marine-mammal-laboratory HTTPS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) website Institution web page information author Durban, John NMFS/AFSC Marine Mammal Laboratory https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/marine-mammal-laboratory HTTPS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) website Institution web page information author Burdin, Alexander Pacific Institute of Geography RAS author Burkanov, Vladimir NMFS/AFSC Marine Mammal Laboratory https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/marine-mammal-laboratory HTTPS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) website Institution web page information author Pitman, Robert NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/southwest-fisheries-science-center HTTPS NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/SWFSC) website Institution web page information author Barlow, Jay NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/southwest-fisheries-science-center HTTPS NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/SWFSC) website Institution web page information author Barrett-Lennard, Lance Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre author LeDuc, Richard NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/southwest-fisheries-science-center HTTPS NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/SWFSC) website Institution web page information author Robertson, Kelly NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/southwest-fisheries-science-center HTTPS NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/SWFSC) website Institution web page information author Matkin, Craig North Gulf Oceanic Society author Wade, Paul NMFS/AFSC Marine Mammal Laboratory https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/marine-mammal-laboratory HTTPS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) website Institution web page information author NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/marine-mammal-laboratory HTTPS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMFS/AFSC/MML) website Institution web page information contributor NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/SWFSC) https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/southwest-fisheries-science-center HTTPS NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/SWFSC) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital The difficulties associated with detecting population boundaries have long constrained the conservation and management of highly mobile marine species, especially for wide-ranging cetaceans such as killer whales (Orcinus orca). In this study, we use molecular genetic data to test a priori hypotheses about population subdivisions generated from a decade of killer whale surveys across the northern North Pacific. A total of 462 skin biopsies were collected from free-swimming killer whales from 1990 to 2010 between the northern Gulf of Alaska in the east and the Sea of Okhotsk in the west, representing both the piscivorous resident and the mammal-eating Biggs (or transient) killer whales. Geographic patterns of genetic differentiation were supported by significant regions of genetic discontinuity providing evidence of population structuring within both lineages, and corroborating direct observations of restricted movements of individual whales. In the Aleutian Islands (Alaska), population strata were largely delimited by major oceanographic boundaries for resident killer whales. In contrast, subdivisions among Biggs killer whales indicated multiple genetic clusters in the Eastern Aleutians and Bering Sea. The presence of sympatric genetic clusters within Biggs whales suggests the presence of isolating mechanisms other than geographic distance within this highly mobile top predator. These data were collected to assess and quantify the population genetic structure of killer whales in the northern North Pacific between the Gulf of Alaska and the Russian Far East. completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0142202 Preview graphic PNG 0142202 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2016-02-10 publication ANIMALS - INDIVIDUAL BIOCHEMISTRY biological data cetacean MARINE MAMMALS theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS laboratory analysis instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS biological laboratory analyses theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska North Pacific Ocean Sea of Okhotsk place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NMFS/AFSC/MML > Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/NMFS/SWFSC > Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EARTH SCIENCE > AGRICULTURE > ANIMAL SCIENCE > ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > MAMMALS > CETACEANS EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > MARINE MAMMALS theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN > BERING SEA OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN > GULF OF ALASKA OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN > SEA OF OKHOTSK place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian 9Y96YC Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Parsons, Kim; Durban, John; Burdin, Alexander; Burkanov, Vladimir; Pitman, Robert; Barlow, Jay; Barrett-Lennard, Lance; LeDuc, Richard; Robertson, Kelly; Matkin, Craig; Wade, Paul (2016). North Pacific killer whale genetic studies conducted by Alaska Fisheries Scientific Center, National Marine Mammal Laboratory from 1990-10-26 to 2010-07-07 (NCEI Accession 0142202). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0142202. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Parsons, K. M., Durban, J. W., Burdin, A. M., Burkanov, V. N., Pitman, R. L., Barlow, J., Barrett-Lennard, L. G., LeDuc, R. G., Robertson, K. M., Matkin, C. O., & Wade, P. R. (2013). Geographic Patterns of Genetic Differentiation among Killer Whales in the Northern North Pacific. Journal of Heredity, 104(6), 737–754. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/est037 2013 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/est037 https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/est037 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/est037 related journal article information Parsons, Kim M. author Durban, John W. author Burdin, Alexander M. author Burkanov, Vladimir N. author Pitman, Robert L. author Barlow, Jay author Barrett-Lennard, Lance G. author LeDuc, Richard G. author Robertson, Kelly M. author Matkin, Craig O. author Wade, Paul R. author Oxford University Press (OUP) publisher documentDigital Journal of Heredity 104(6) ISSN 0022-1503, ISSN 1465-7333, pp. 737-754 crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA utf8 environment oceans biota 144 -141 46 65 1990-10-26 2010-07-07 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 0.744 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0142202 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/142202 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/142202 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0086/0142202/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0142202 v1.1 was published. 2016-02-17T17:58:11Z NCEI Accession 0142202 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0142202/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0142202 v1.1 published 2016-02-17T17:58:11Z download dataset Data Type: HAPLOTYPE CODE (measured); Units: mtDNA control region haplotype code; Observation Type: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: See methods asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian laboratory analysis laboratory analysis use as an observation type