noaa-coral-28451 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2025-08-13 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southern Mentawai Islands d18O and d13C Data and Indian Ocean Dipole reconstruction over the last millennium 2020-03-02 publication doi:10.25921/skaz-fm35 noaa-coral-28451 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Abram, N.J. originator Abram, N.J. author Wright, N. originator Wright, N. author Ellis, B. originator Ellis, B. author Dixon, B. originator Dixon, B. author Wurtzel, J.B. originator Wurtzel, J.B. author England, M.H. originator England, M.H. author Ummenhofer, C.C. originator Ummenhofer, C.C. author Pilibosian, B. originator Pilibosian, B. author Cahyarini, S.Y. originator Cahyarini, S.Y. author Yu, T.-L. originator Yu, T.-L. author Shen, C.-C. originator Shen, C.-C. author Cheng, H. originator Cheng, H. author Edwards, R.L. originator Edwards, R.L. author Heslop, D. originator Heslop, D. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Coral. The data include parameters of climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges with a geographic location of Sumatra, Indonesia. The time period coverage is from 710 to -69 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past climate and ocean environment derived from stable isotope, trace metal, and other measurements made on corals and sclerosponges. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-coral.png Paleoclimatology - Coral and Sclerosponge PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Biological Records > Coral Deposits Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Ocean/Lake Records > Coral Deposits Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Ocean/Lake Records > Coral Deposits theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges earth science > paleoclimate > reconstructions > sea surface temperature earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges > oxygen isotopes earth science > paleoclimate > corals and sclerosponges > carbon isotopes theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction theme What: Dipole Mode Index; Material: null What: delta 13C; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 13C; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 13C; Material: Porites sp. What: age; Material: null What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 13C; Material: Porites sp. What: Dipole Mode Index; Material: null What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 13C; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: Dipole Mode Index; Material: null What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 13C; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 13C; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: Dipole Mode Index; Material: null What: Dipole Mode Index; Material: null What: age; Material: null What: age; Material: null What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 18O; Material: Porites sp. What: delta 13C; Material: Porites sp. theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Ocean > Indian Ocean > Indonesia > Sumatra > NP01-A-3, North Pagai Island > LATITUDE -2.751667 > LONGITUDE 99.995389 Ocean > Indian Ocean > Indonesia > Sumatra > SMG01-A-4, Saumang Island > LATITUDE -3.126111 > LONGITUDE 100.309778 Ocean > Indian Ocean > Indonesia > Sumatra > SMG01-A-5, Saumang Island > LATITUDE -3.126083 > LONGITUDE 100.309667 Ocean > Indian Ocean > Indonesia > Sumatra > TT01-A-1b, Taitaitanopo Island > LATITUDE -3.180972 > LONGITUDE 100.517167 Ocean > Indian Ocean > Indonesia > Sumatra > P01-C-2, South Pagai Island > LATITUDE -3.036556 > LONGITUDE 100.230694 Ocean > Indian Ocean > Indonesia > Si94-A-6, Siruamata islet, Sipora Island > LATITUDE -2.36946 > LONGITUDE 99.7452 Ocean > Indian Ocean > Indonesia > Sumatra > Southern Mentawai Islands Coral Sites > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE Ocean > Indian Ocean > Indonesia > Sumatra > SMG01-A-2, Saumang Island > LATITUDE -3.125861 > LONGITUDE 100.309389 Ocean > Indian Ocean > Indonesia > Sumatra > SMG01-A-10, Saumang Island > LATITUDE -3.125944 > LONGITUDE 100.309528 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Abram, N.J.; Wright, N.; Ellis, B.; Dixon, B.; Wurtzel, J.B.; England, M.H.; Ummenhofer, C.C.; Pilibosian, B.; Cahyarini, S.Y.; Yu, T.-L.; Shen, C.-C.; Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.L.; Heslop, D. (2020-03-02): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southern Mentawai Islands d18O and d13C Data and Indian Ocean Dipole reconstruction over the last millennium. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/skaz-fm35. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Coupling of Indo-Pacific Climate Variability over the Last Millennium 2020 publication Abram, Nerilie J., Nicky M. Wright, Bethany Ellis, Bronwyn C. Dixon, Jennifer B. Wurtzel, Matthew H. England, Caroline C. Ummenhofer, Belle Pilibosian, Sri Yudawati Cahyarini, Tsai-Luen Yu, Chuan-Chou Shen, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, and David Heslop author Nature publisher https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2084-4 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2020 Abram, Nerilie J., Nicky M. Wright, Bethany Ellis, Bronwyn C. Dixon, Jennifer B. Wurtzel, Matthew H. England, Caroline C. Ummenhofer, Belle Pilibosian, Sri Yudawati Cahyarini, Tsai-Luen Yu, Chuan-Chou Shen, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, and David Heslop, 2020: Coupling of Indo-Pacific Climate Variability over the Last Millennium. Nature, 579, 385–392, 10.1038/s41586-020-2084-4 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 1240 CE to 2019 CE; Date Range: 710 cal yr BP to -69 cal yr BP; 99.74 100.52 -3.180972 -2.36946 1240 2019 STUDY NOTES: The coral IOD reconstruction data was compiled from one Porites coral record published in Abram et al. (2015), one Porites microatoll coral record published in Gagan et al. (2015), and seven Porites coral records published in this study. Note that this study extends the length of the record originally published in Abram et al. (2015). This study also adjusts the age model of the record originally published in Gagan et al. (2015) in order to reconstruct a physically plausible seasonal timing for positive IOD events that is consistent with the age model methods used for the other coral records used in the compilation. The coral IOD reconstruction compiled in this study also includes the coral Dipole Mode Index published in Abram et al. (2008), and derived from Porites coral data originally published in Abram et al. (2008), Charles et al. (1997), Charles et al. (2003), and Pfeiffer and Dullo (2006). For further details please refer to the methods published within Abram et al (2020, Nature). The d13C data from Si94-A-6 in Gagan et al (2015) was removed in July 2020 and can be found at: https://doi.org/10.25921/tkys-wd90. Provided Keywords: sea surface temperature, coral, Indian Ocean Dipole, last millennium ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) affects climate and rainfall across the world, and most severely in nations surrounding the Indian Ocean. The frequency and intensity of positive IOD events increased during the twentieth century and may continue to intensify in a warming world. However, confidence in predictions of future IOD change is limited by known biases in model representations of the IOD and the lack of information on natural IOD variability before anthropogenic climate change. Here we use precisely dated and highly resolved coral records from the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean, where the signature of IOD variability is strong and unambiguous, to produce a semi-continuous reconstruction of IOD variability that covers five centuries of the last millennium. Our reconstruction demonstrates that extreme positive IOD events were rare before 1960. However, the most extreme event on record (1997) is not unprecedented, because at least one event that was approximately 27 to 42 per cent larger occurred naturally during the seventeenth century. We further show that a persistent, tight coupling existed between the variability of the IOD and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation during the last millennium. Indo-Pacific coupling was characterized by weak interannual variability before approximately 1590, which probably altered teleconnection patterns, and by anomalously strong variability during the seventeenth century, which was associated with societal upheaval in tropical Asia. A tendency towards clustering of positive IOD events is evident in our reconstruction, which-together with the identification of extreme IOD variability and persistent tropical Indo-Pacific climate coupling-may have implications for improving seasonal and decadal predictions and managing the climate risks of future IOD variability. 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Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/skaz-fm35 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/28451 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/coral-sclerosponge HTTPS Information NCEI Coral Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-tt01-a-1b-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-tt01-a-1b-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-smg01-a-5b-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-smg01-a-5b-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-smg01-a-4a-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-smg01-a-4a-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-smg01-a-2-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-smg01-a-2-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-smg01-a-10c-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-smg01-a-10c-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-si94-a-6-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-si94-a-6-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-p01-c-2b-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-p01-c-2b-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-p01-c-2a-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-p01-c-2a-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-np01-a-3-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-np01-a-3-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-iod-event-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-iod-event-noaa.txt Coral download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-iod-5yr-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /coral/indian_ocean/abram2020/abram2020-iod-5yr-noaa.txt Coral download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21