gov.noaa.nodc:0208230 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-05-29T05:52:11Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), temperature, salinity, oxygen, and nutrient data collected from discrete profile measurements during the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Harmful Algal Blooms (NOAA HABs) program cruise SH1709 (EXPOCODE 332220170918) in Pacific Northwest marine waters on NOAA Ship Bell M. Shimada from 2017-09-18 to 2017-09-28 (NCEI Accession 0208230) 2019-12-20 publication 2026-05-28 revision 2019-12-18 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/3qa5-v720 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0208230 NCEI Archive Management System 0208230 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Dana Greeley NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) dana.greeley@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Simone R. Alin NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) simone.r.alin@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Richard Feely NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Jan Newton University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) janewton@uw.edu http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Vera L. Trainer NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/NWFSC) vera.l.trainer@noaa.gov http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/index.cfm HTTP NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/NWFSC) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Nicolaus G. Adams NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/NWFSC) Nicolaus.Adams@noaa.gov http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/index.cfm HTTP NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/NWFSC) website Institution web page information collaborator Morgan L. Ostendorf University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information collaborator Julian Herndon University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) Julian.Herndon@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information collaborator Dana Greeley NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) dana.greeley@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information collaborator Beth Curry University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information collaborator Alin, Simone R. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Feely, Richard A. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Newton, Jan University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information author Trainer, Vera L. NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/NWFSC) http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/index.cfm HTTP NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/NWFSC) website Institution web page information author Adams, Nicolaus G. NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/NWFSC) Nicolaus.Adams@noaa.gov http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/index.cfm HTTP NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/NWFSC) website Institution web page information author Greeley, Dana NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Curry, Beth University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information author Herndon, Julian University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information author Ostendorf, Morgan L. University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information author University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information contributor NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset contains data collected from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Harmful Algal Blooms (NOAA HABs) program cruise SH1709 (EXPOCODE 332220170918) in Pacific Northwest marine waters on NOAA Ship Bell M. Shimada from 2017-09-18 to 2017-09-28. Fifty-one time-series stations were occupied in the Salish Sea and coastal waters in Washington and Oregon marine waters. The cruise was designed to obtain a synoptic snapshot of key carbon, physical, and other biogeochemical parameters as they relate to ocean acidification (OA) in Washington's estuarine and coastal environments. At all sampling stations, CTD casts were conducted to measure temperature, conductivity, pressure, and oxygen concentrations using CTD and oxygen sensors. Discrete water samples were collected throughout the water column at all stations in Niskin bottles. Laboratory analyses were run to measure dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), oxygen, nutrient concentrations, and total alkalinity (TA). This effort was conducted in support of the estuarine and coastal monitoring and research objectives of the NOAA Ocean Acidification and Harmful Algal Bloom Programs and the Northwest Association of Networked Ocean Observing Systems and conforms to monitoring guidelines of the Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network (goa-on.org) and the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Ocean Acidification Program. The official NOAA Ship Bell M. Shimada code for this cruise is SH1709. The major objectives of the cruise were: 1) To characterize ocean acidification (OA) conditions in the Salish Sea and the Pacific Ocean shelf along Washington and Oregon; 2) To conduct inter-calibration measurements near other OA observing assets, including moorings, in the study area, allowing inter-calibration of these autonomous assets with high-quality, ship-based measurements; 3) To provide calibration data needed to develop and validate predictive models for aragonite saturation state, pH, and other important OA indicators in the Salish Sea and adjoining coastal waters, based on widely measured parameters such as salinity, temperature, and oxygen concentration; 4) To examine relationships between processes leading to OA and hypoxia in estuarine and coastal ecosystems; 5) To conduct biological measurements in conjunction with physical and chemical OA measurements; and 6) To provide scientific information on OA conditions and trends for resource management and decision support. Funding Information: NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (PMEL FY2015–FY2017 NOAA Ocean Acidification Observing Network (NOA-ON) Sustained Investment Workplan: PMEL Sustained Ocean Acidification Large-Scale Survey Observations. (Feely), OAP1505-1003) Funding Information: NOAA HABS, NOAA OAP, WOAC, PMEL (Not applicable, Not applicable) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded NCEI Accession 0208230 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0208230 Preview graphic PNG 0208230 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2026-03-13 publication AMMONIUM (NH4) DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) NITRATE NITRITE phosphate SALINITY silicate total alkalinity WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer CTD Niskin bottle oxygen sensor salinometer titrator instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical discrete sample physical profile time series theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Ship Bell M. Shimada platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Coastal Waters of Washington/Oregon North Pacific Ocean Puget Sound Strait of Juan de Fuca West Coast - US/Canada place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/OAR/PMEL > Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce UWA/APL > Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian SH1709 project Cruise ID 332220170918 project EXPOCODE Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords Sound to Sea project Reference Section ID NOAA HABs: The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Harmful Algal Blooms Program project Research Projects EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ALKALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > AMMONIA EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRITE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Discrete measurement Time series theme OCADS Study Type AMMONIA_UMOL_KG CRUISE_ID DATE_LOCAL DATE_UTC LATITUDE_DEC LONGITUDE_DEC NITRATE_UMOL_KG NITRITE_UMOL_KG OXYGEN_UMOL_KG PHOSPHATE_UMOL_KG SILICATE_UMOL_KG TIME_LOCAL TIME_UTC theme Provider Keywords AMMONIUM_UMOL_L CTDPRS_DBAR CTDSAL_PSS78 CTDTMP_ITS90_DEG_C CTD_OXY_mg_L DATE_LOCAL DATE_UTC DIC_UMOL_KG LATITUDE_DEC LONGITUDE_DEC NISKIN_NO NITRATE_UMOL_L NITRITE_UMOL_L OXYGEN_MG_L_1, OXYGEN_MG_L_2 PHOSPHATE_UMOL_L SIGMATHETA_KG_M3 SILICATE_UMOL_L STATION_NO TA_UMOL_KG TIME_LOCAL TIME_UTC theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth NISKIN BOTTLES OXYGEN METERS > OXYGEN METERS SALINOMETERS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Bell M. Shimada (call sign: WTED, ICES code: 3322, 2010-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian California Current System Oregon Puget Sound Salish Sea Strait of Juan de Fuca U.S. West Coast Washington place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Alin, Simone R.; Feely, Richard A.; Newton, Jan; Trainer, Vera L.; Adams, Nicolaus G.; Greeley, Dana; Curry, Beth; Herndon, Julian; Ostendorf, Morgan L. (2019). Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), temperature, salinity, oxygen, and nutrient data collected from discrete profile measurements during the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Harmful Algal Blooms (NOAA HABs) program cruise SH1709 (EXPOCODE 332220170918) in Pacific Northwest marine waters on NOAA Ship Bell M. Shimada from 2017-09-18 to 2017-09-28 (NCEI Accession 0208230). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/3qa5-v720. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Fair Use Data Statement for Cruise Data: Ocean acidification data from the 2017 West Coast Harmful Algal Bloom cruise are made freely available to the public and the scientific community in the belief that their wide dissemination will lead to greater understanding and new scientific and policy insights. The investigators sharing these data rely on the ethics and integrity of the user to ensure that the institutions and investigators involved in producing West Coast cruise data sets receive fair credit for their work, which in turn helps ensure the continuity of the observational time-series. If the data are obtained for potential use in a publication or presentation, we urge the end user to inform the investigators at the outset of this work so that we can help ensure that the quality and limitations of the data are accurately represented. If these data are essential to the work, or if an important result or conclusion depends on these data, co-authorship may be appropriate. This should be discussed at an early stage in the work. We request that manuscripts using these data be shared before they are submitted for publication. Please direct all queries about this data set to Drs. Simone Alin and Richard Feely NOAA West Coast Ocean Acidification Cruises (WCOA) 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Coastal/WCOA.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Coastal/WCOA.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project Salish Sea Cruises 2008-2018 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/SalishCruise_DataPackage.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/SalishCruise_DataPackage.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -127.0188 -122.451 44.1963 48.5243 2017-09-18 2017-09-28 In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 0.52 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0208230.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.25921/3qa5-v720 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/208230 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/208230 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0151/0208230/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0208230 v1.1 was published. 2019-12-20T19:48:26Z NCEI Accession 0208230 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0208230/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0208230 v1.1 published 2019-12-20T19:48:26Z download NCEI Accession 0208230 was revised and v2.2 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2020-08-28T19:52:29Z NCEI Accession 0208230 v2.2 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0208230/2.2 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0208230 v2.2 published 2020-08-28T19:52:29Z download NCEI Accession 0208230 was revised and v3.3 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2022-06-10T20:09:41Z NCEI Accession 0208230 v3.3 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0208230/3.3 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0208230 v3.3 published 2022-06-10T20:09:41Z download NCEI Accession 0208230 was revised and v4.4 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2026-05-28T20:41:22Z NCEI Accession 0208230 v4.4 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0208230/4.4 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0208230 v4.4 published 2026-05-28T20:41:22Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Abbreviation: DIC_UMOL_KG; Unit: micromoles per kilogram of seawater (umol/kg-SW); Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Not applicable; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Two systems consisting of a coulometer (UIC, Inc.) coupled with a SOMMA (Single Operator Multiparameter Metabolic Analyzer) inlet system developed by Ken Johnson (Johnson et al., 1985, 1987, 1993; Johnson,1992) of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL).; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: PLEASE NOTE: DIC may be referred to as TCO2, TCARBN, or C(sub)T in other data sets. All of these abbreviations refer to the total dissolved inorganic carbon concentration (i.e., the combined concentration of dissolved CO2, bicarbonate ion, and carbonate ion). Samples for DIC measurements were drawn according to procedures outlined in the 2007 PICES Special Publication, Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements, from Niskin bottles into ~0.5 L borosilicate glass flasks using silicone tubing. The flasks were rinsed once and filled from the bottom with care not to entrain any bubbles, overflowing by at least one-half volume. The sample tube was pinched off and withdrawn, creating a small headspace, and 0.2 mL of saturated HgCl2 solution was added as a preservative. The sample bottles were then sealed with glass stoppers lightly covered with Apiezon-L grease. DIC samples were collected from variety of depths with approximately 1% of these samples taken as duplicates. Sample bottles were inverted several times to ensure mixing of the HgCl2 throughout the sample. The accuracy of the DICE measurement is determined with the use of standards (Certified Reference Materials (CRMs), consisting of filtered and UV-irradiated seawater) supplied by Dr. Andrew Dickson of Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO). The CRM accuracy is determined manometrically on land in San Diego. DIC data reported to the Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data Portal have been corrected to the appropriate certified batch value.; Replicate information: Duplicate samples were collected from approximately 1% of the Niskins sampled, as a check of our precision. These replicate samples were interspersed throughout the station analysis for quality assurance and integrity of the coulometer cell solutions. The average absolute difference from the mean of these replicates is 0.4 µmol/kg. No systematic differences between the replicates were observed.; Standardization description: Each coulometer was calibrated by injecting aliquots of pure CO2 (99.999%) by means of an 8-port valve (Wilke et al., 1993) outfitted with two calibrated sample loops of different sizes (~1ml and ~2ml). The instruments were each separately calibrated at the beginning of each cell with a minimum of two sets of these gas loop injections.; Standardization frequency: 1) Gas loops were run at the beginning of each cell; 2) CRM's supplied by Dr. A. Dickson of SIO, were measured near the beginning; and 3) Duplicate samples were typically run throughout the life of the cell solution.; CRM manufacturer: Dr. Andrew Dickson (Scripps Institution of Oceanography); CRM batch number: 165 and 168; Preservation method: Mercuric Chloride Solution; Preservative volume: 0.2 ml; Preservative correction: The DIC values were corrected for dilution by 0.2 ml of saturated HgCl2 used for sample preservation. The total water volume of the sample bottles was 540 ml. The correction factor used for dilution was 1.00037.; Uncertainty: +/-0.1%; Quality flag convention: DIC_FLAG_W, WOCE water sample quality codes are used: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. These QC codes were initially assigned on the basis of the observed quality of laboratory analysis. These codes do not account for field sampling aberrations. Adjustments to quality codes were made after careful inspection of the data set after data processing. Where sample values were observed to be strong outliers in cross-plots with other variables, the quality codes have been updated from a 2 to a 3 or 4 after close inspection of the profile at that station, including other parameters. Those flagged 3 represent values that are questionable due to being out of expected ranges or having inverted profile values from what would normally be expected in this region. Those flagged 4 are either values that clearly represent a Niskin misfire at an unknown depth or were flagged 4 due to analytical problems. Measurements with quality codes of 4 have been expunged and replaced with quality codes of 5 prior to submission.; Method reference: Dickson, A.G., C.L. Sabine, and J.R. Christian (eds.). 2007. Guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurements. PICES Special Publication 3, 191 pp. Johnson, K.M., A.E. King, and J. McN. Sieburth. 1985. Coulometric DIC analyses for marine studies: An introduction. Mar. Chem., 16, 61-82; Johnson, K.M., P.J. Williams, L. Brandstrom, and J. McN. Sieburth. 1987. Coulometric total carbon analysis for marine studies: Automation and calibration. Mar. Chem., 21, 117-133; Johnson, K.M. 1992. Operator's manual: Single operator multiparameter metabolic analyzer (SOMMA) for total carbon dioxide (CT) with coulometric detection. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, N.Y., 70 pp; Johnson, K.M., K.D. Wills, D.B. Butler, W.K. Johnson, and C.S. Wong. 1993. Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies: Maximizing the performance of an automated continuous gas extraction system and coulometric detector. Mar. Chem., 44, 167-189; Johnson, K.M., Kortzinger, A.; Mintrop, L.; Duinker, J.C.; and Wallace, D.W.R. 1999. Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies: Measurement and internal consistency of underway surface TCO2 concentrations. Marine Chemistry 67(1):123-144.; Researcher name: Dana Greeley, Julian Herndon, and Morgan Ostendorf; PIs: Simone Alin and Richard Feely; Researcher institution: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity; Abbreviation: TA_UMOL_KG; Unit: micromoles per kilogram of seawater (umol/kg-SW); Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Not applicable; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Custom instrument, built by Dr. Andrew Dickson's laboratory at Scripps Oceanographic Institution.; Type of titration: Two-stage, potentiometric, open-cell titration using coulometrically analyzed hydrochloric acid; Cell type (open or closed): Open; Curve fitting method: Non-linear least squares; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples for total alkalinity were drawn directly from Niskin bottles into 500mL borosilicate glass (Corning Pyrex/Schott Duran) bottles as described in SOP1 of The Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements (Dickson A.G., Sabine L.S. and Christian J.R, Eds., 2007), using silicone tubing. The bottles were then sealed with glass stoppers lightly coated with Apiezon-L grease. The flasks were rinsed once and filled from the bottom with care not to entrain any bubbles, overflowing by at least one full volume. The sample tube was pinched off and withdrawn, creating a ~1% headspace and preserved with 0.2mL of a saturated mercuric chloride solution and the final alkalinity concentration corrected for this addition. The samples were subsequently analyzed according to SOP3b of The Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements, using an open cell titration system built by the Dickson Lab in 2016 at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Sample and instrument temperature was controlled and sample size was measured gravimetrically. The instrument was controlled and alkalinity determined by software developed by the Dickson Lab. Instrument accuracy and precision was monitored at regular intervals using Certified Reference Materials (CRMs), consisting of filtered and UV irradiated seawater supplied by the Dickson Lab (SIO-UCSD).; Replicate information: Duplicate samples were collected from approximately 2% of the Niskins sampled as a check of our precision.; Standardization description: Analytical accuracy was assessed by routine analysis of Certified Reference Materials (CRMs). CRMs were analyzed approximately every 10 to 24 samples. The average offset for samples run on our analytical systems is less than 2 µmol/kg.; Standardization frequency: All values were directly measured with reference to Certified Reference Material (Dickson, SIO); CRM manufacturer: Dr. Andrew Dickson (Scripps Institution of Oceanography); CRM batch number: 165 and 168; Preservation method: Mercuric Chloride Solution; Preservative volume: 0.2 mL; Preservative correction: The TA values were corrected for dilution by 0.2 mL of saturated HgCl2 used for sample preservation.; TA blank correction: Not applicable; Uncertainty: The precision of this method is better than 0.1% and accuracy is 0.1%.; Quality flag convention: TA_FLAG_W, WOCE water sample quality codes are used: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. These QC codes were initially assigned on the basis of the observed quality of laboratory analysis. These codes do not account for field sampling aberrations. Adjustments to quality codes were made after careful inspection of the data set after data processing. Where sample values were observed to be strong outliers in cross-plots with other variables, the quality codes have been updated from a 2 to a 3 or 4 after close inspection of the profile at that station, including other parameters. Those flagged 3 represent values that are questionable due to being out of expected ranges, having inverted profile values from what would normally be expected in this region, or being strong outliers in TA vs. S cross-plot and regression analyses. Those flagged 4 are either values that clearly represent a Niskin misfire at an unknown depth or were flagged 4 due to analytical problems. Measurements with quality codes of 4 have been expunged and replaced with quality codes of 5 prior to submission.; Method reference: Bates, R.G. Determination of pH. Theory and Practice. A Wiley-Interscience Publication, Second Edition; Dickson A.G. (1981). An exact definition of total alkalinity, and a procedure for the estimation of alkalinity and total inorganic carbon from titration data. Deep-Sea Res. 28, 609-623; Dickson A.G. (1992). The development of the alkalinity concept in marine chemistry. Marine chemistry 40:1-21-2, 49-63; Dickson, A. G., Afghan, J. D. and Anderson, G. C. (2003). Reference materials for oceanic CO2 analysis: A method for the certification of total alkalinity. Marine Chemistry 80, 185-197; Gran G. (1952). Determination of the equivalence point in potentiometric titrations. Part II. The analyst, 77, 661-671; Wolf-Gladrow, D.A. et al. (2007). Total alkalinity: The explicit conservative expression and its application to biogeochemical process.; Researcher name: Morgan Ostendorf and Julian Herndon; PIs: Simone Alin and Richard Feely; Researcher institution: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Parameter or Variable: Hydrostatic pressure recorded from CTD at the depth where the sample is taken; Abbreviation: CTDPRS_DBAR; Unit: dbars (=decibars); Observation type: Water column profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Not applicable; Sampling instrument: Sea-Bird Scientific SBE 9plus CTD; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: This file contains the up cast data collected using the CTD package and any additional sensors attached to a rosette cage deployed on a research vessel. The up cast data correspond to when the bottles on the rosette cage were fired and water samples were collected. All up casts during the cruise are contained in this file and are sorted by station. CTD data were processed using Sea-Bird's proprietary data processing software using the Data Conversion and Bottle Summary modules. Data Conversion converts raw data from the CTD to engineering units, storing the converted data in a .ros file. Bottle Summary reads the .ros file created by Data Conversion, derives dependent variables and writes a bottle data summary to a .btl file.; Uncertainty: Pressure: initial accuracy = +/- 0.015% of full scale range; typical stability = 0.02% of full scale per year; master clock error contribution = Pressure 0.3 dbar (for 6800 meter depth-rated sensor).; Quality flag convention: No data flags were applied to CTD data; Method reference: Sea-Bird Scientific web site: https://www.seabird.com/profiling/sbe-911plus-ctd/family?productCategoryId=54627473769; Researcher name: Jan Newton; Researcher institution: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory Parameter or Variable: CTD temperature, ITS-90 scale; Abbreviation: CTDTMP_ITS90_DEG_C; Unit: degrees celsius, ITS-90 scale; Observation type: Water column profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Sea-Bird Scientific SBE 9plus CTD; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: This file contains the up cast data collected using the CTD package and any additional sensors attached to a rosette cage deployed on a research vessel. The up cast data correspond to when the bottles on the rosette cage were fired and water samples were collected. All up casts during the cruise are contained in this file and are sorted by station. CTD data were processed using Sea-Bird's proprietary data processing software using the Data Conversion and Bottle Summary modules. Data Conversion converts raw data from the CTD to engineering units, storing the converted data in a .ros file. Bottle Summary reads the .ros file created by Data Conversion, derives dependent variables and writes a bottle data summary to a .btl file.; Uncertainty: Temperature: initial accuracy = +/- 0.001 degrees Celsius; typical stability = 0.0002 degrees Celsius per month; master clock error contribution = 0.00016 degrees Celsius; Quality flag convention: CTDTMP_FLAG_W, WOCE CTDO data quality codes are used: 1 = not calibrated, 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = interpolated over a pressure interval larger than 2 dbar, 7 = despiked, 9 = not sampled. We note that during data processing with Sea Bird software, data alignment is improved to prevent spiking. All data quality codes contained in this data set were assigned after data processing and were given a value of 2 by default. Those flagged 3 represent values that are questionable due to being out of expected ranges or having inverted profile values from what would normally be expected in this region. Adjustments to quality codes were made after careful inspection of the data set after data processing.; Method reference: Sea-Bird Scientific web site: https://www.seabird.com/profiling/sbe-911plus-ctd/family?productCategoryId=54627473769; Researcher name: Jan Newton; Researcher institution: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory Parameter or Variable: CTD salinity; Abbreviation: CTDSAL_PSS78; Unit: 1978 Practical Salinity Scale; Observation type: Water column profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Calculated from conductivity measurements.; Sampling instrument: Sea-Bird Scientific SBE 4 Conductivity Sensor; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: This file contains the up cast data collected using the CTD package and any additional sensors attached to a rosette cage deployed on a research vessel. The up cast data correspond to when the bottles on the rosette cage were fired and water samples were collected. All up casts during the cruise are contained in this file and are sorted by station. CTD data were processed using Sea-Bird's proprietary data processing software using the Data Conversion and Bottle Summary modules. Data Conversion converts raw data from the CTD to engineering units, storing the converted data in a .ros file. Bottle Summary reads the .ros file created by Data Conversion, derives dependent variables and writes a bottle data summary to a .btl file.; Uncertainty: Conductivity: initial accuracy = +/- 0.0003 S/m; typical stability = 0.0003 S/m per month; master clock error contribution = 0.00005 S/m; Quality flag convention: CTDSAL_FLAG_W, WOCE CTDO data quality codes are used: 1 = not calibrated, 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = interpolated over a pressure interval larger than 2 dbar, 7 = despiked, 9 = not sampled. We note that during data processing with Sea Bird software, data alignment is improved to prevent spiking. All data quality codes contained in this data set were assigned after data processing and were given a value of 2 by default. Those flagged 3 represent values that are questionable due to being out of expected ranges, having inverted profile values from what would normally be expected in this region, or being outliers on TA-S plots where TA values look as expected. Adjustments to quality codes were made after careful inspection of the data set after data processing.; Method reference: Sea-Bird Scientific web site: https://www.seabird.com/profiling/sbe-911plus-ctd/family?productCategoryId=54627473769; Researcher name: Jan Newton; Researcher institution: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory Parameter or Variable: Concentration of phosphate (PO4--) measured from discrete bottles; Abbreviation: PHOSPHATE_UMOL_L; Unit: micromoles per liter of seawater (umol/L or uM); Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected in Niskin bottles on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: To convert units from umol per L to umol per kg, we divided PHOSPHATE_UMOL_L by the value of sigma theta (potential density anomaly, kg per m3) calculated for laboratory conditions (i.e. using laboratory temperature [22 degrees C] and sample salinity) and multiplied by 1000 L per m3. The concentration is also provided in umol per kg units, under the column header PHOSPHATE_UMOL_KG.; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Seal Analytical AA3; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: From the Niskin bottle, seawater was drawn into 60 mL HDPE sample bottles to rinse the bottle and cap twice. Plungers were removed from 60 mL syringes with Nalgene filters attached (surfactant-free cellulose, 25 mm, 0.45 micron pore size) and rinsed twice with seawater from the Niskin. The syringe was filled with sample water from the Niskin. The plunger was inserted, the syringe inverted, and the filter removed to remove the air bubble. With the filter re-attached, about 5 mL of of sample water was filtered into sample bottle to rinse and then discarded. 45-50 mL of sample was filtered into sample bottle, such that it was less than 2/3 full. The cap was secured and the bottle frozen upright in a -10 degree Celsius freezer until analyzed. Analyses and calibration followed the protocols of the WOCE Hydrographic Program using a Seal Analytical AA3 (UNESCO 1994).; Replicate information: No replicate samples were collected or analyzed.; Uncertainty: Accreditation codes and detection limits: EPA 365.5_1.4_1997, NELAC Code WM920270, MDLs 0.014uM, 0.0004mg/L (from https://www.ocean.washington.edu/story/Marine+Chemistry+Laboratory).; Quality flag convention: NUTRIENTS_FLAG_W, WOCE water sample quality codes are used: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Laboratory quality assurance procedures were followed, as detailed in UNESCO (1994). These QC codes were assigned values of 2 by default initially. However, where sample measurements were observed to be outliers in cross-plots with other variables or in transect depth profiles, the quality codes have been updated from a 2 to a 3 or 4 after close inspection of the profile at that station, including other parameters.; Method reference: UNESCO (1994). Protocols for the joint global ocean flux study (JGOFS) core measurements. Vol. 29.; Researcher name: Kathy Krogsland; Researcher institution: University of Washington School of Oceanography Parameter or Variable: Concentration of silicate (Si(OH)4, H4SiO4, SiO2, Sil) measured from discrete bottles; Abbreviation: SILICATE_UMOL_L; Unit: micromoles per liter of seawater (umol/L or uM); Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected in Niskin bottles on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: To convert units from umol per L to umol per kg, we divided SILICATE_UMOL_L by the value of sigma theta (potential density anomaly, kg per m3) calculated for laboratory conditions (i.e. using laboratory temperature [22 degrees C] and sample salinity) and multiplied by 1000 L per m3. The concentration is also provided in umol per kg units, under the column header SILICATE_UMOL_KG.; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Seal Analytical AA3; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: From the Niskin bottle, seawater was drawn into 60 mL HDPE sample bottles to rinse the bottle and cap twice. Plungers were removed from 60 mL syringes with Nalgene filters attached (surfactant-free cellulose, 25 mm, 0.45 micron pore size) and rinsed twice with seawater from the Niskin. The syringe was filled with sample water from the Niskin. The plunger was inserted, the syringe inverted, and the filter removed to remove the air bubble. With the filter re-attached, about 5 mL of of sample water was filtered into sample bottle to rinse and then discarded. 45-50 mL of sample was filtered into sample bottle, such that it was less than 2/3 full. The cap was secured and the bottle frozen upright in a -10 degree Celsius freezer until analyzed. Analyses and calibration followed the protocols of the WOCE Hydrographic Program using a Seal Analytical AA3 (UNESCO 1994).; Replicate information: No replicate samples were collected or analyzed.; Uncertainty: Accreditation codes and detection limits: EPA 366, NELAC Code WM920240, MDLs 0.23uM, 0.0063mg/L (from https://www.ocean.washington.edu/story/Marine+Chemistry+Laboratory).; Quality flag convention: NUTRIENTS_FLAG_W, WOCE water sample quality codes are used: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Laboratory quality assurance procedures were followed, as detailed in UNESCO (1994). These QC codes were assigned values of 2 by default initially. However, where sample measurements were observed to be outliers in cross-plots with other variables or in transect depth profiles, the quality codes have been updated from a 2 to a 3 or 4 after close inspection of the profile at that station, including other parameters.; Method reference: UNESCO (1994). Protocols for the joint global ocean flux study (JGOFS) core measurements. Vol. 29.; Researcher name: Kathy Krogsland; Researcher institution: University of Washington School of Oceanography Parameter or Variable: Concentration of nitrate (NO3-) measured from discrete bottles; Abbreviation: NITRATE_UMOL_L; Unit: micromoles per liter of seawater (umol/L or uM); Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected in Niskin bottles on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: To convert units from umol per L to umol per kg, we divided NITRATE_UMOL_L by the value of sigma theta (potential density anomaly, kg per m3) calculated for laboratory conditions (i.e. using laboratory temperature [22 degrees C] and sample salinity) and multiplied by 1000 L per m3. The concentration is also provided in umol per kg units, under the column header NITRATE_UMOL_KG.; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Analyses and calibration follow the protocols of the WOCE Hydrographic Program using a Seal Analytical AA3.; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: From the Niskin bottle, seawater was drawn into 60 mL HDPE sample bottles to rinse the bottle and cap twice. Plungers were removed from 60 mL syringes with Nalgene filters attached (surfactant-free cellulose, 25 mm, 0.45 micron pore size) and rinsed twice with seawater from the Niskin. The syringe was filled with sample water from the Niskin. The plunger was inserted, the syringe inverted, and the filter removed to remove the air bubble. With the filter re-attached, about 5 mL of of sample water was filtered into sample bottle to rinse and then discarded. 45-50 mL of sample was filtered into sample bottle, such that it was less than 2/3 full. The cap was secured and the bottle frozen upright in a -10 degree Celsius freezer until analyzed. Analyses and calibration followed the protocols of the WOCE Hydrographic Program using a Seal Analytical AA3 (UNESCO 1994).; Replicate information: No replicate samples were collected or analyzed.; Uncertainty: Accreditation codes and detection limits: EPA 353.4_2_1997, NELAC Code 10068209, MDLs 0.288uM, 0.0040mg/L (from https://www.ocean.washington.edu/story/Marine+Chemistry+Laboratory).; Quality flag convention: NUTRIENTS_FLAG_W, WOCE water sample quality codes are used: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Laboratory quality assurance procedures were followed, as detailed in UNESCO (1994). These QC codes were assigned values of 2 by default initially. However, where sample measurements were observed to be outliers in cross-plots with other variables or in transect depth profiles, the quality codes have been updated from a 2 to a 3 or 4 after close inspection of the profile at that station, including other parameters.; Method reference: UNESCO (1994). Protocols for the joint global ocean flux study (JGOFS) core measurements. Vol. 29.; Researcher name: Kathy Krogsland; Researcher institution: University of Washington School of Oceanography Parameter or Variable: Concentration of nitrite (NO2-) measured from discrete bottles.; Abbreviation: NITRITE_UMOL_L; Unit: micromoles per liter of seawater (umol/L or uM); Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected in Niskin bottles on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: To convert units from umol per L to umol per kg, we divided NITRITE_UMOL_L by the value of sigma theta (potential density anomaly, kg per m3) calculated for laboratory conditions (i.e. using laboratory temperature [22 degrees C] and sample salinity) and multiplied by 1000 L per m3. The concentration is also provided in umol per kg units, under the column header NITRITE_UMOL_KG.; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Seal Analytical AA3; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: From the Niskin bottle, seawater was drawn into 60 mL HDPE sample bottles to rinse the bottle and cap twice. Plungers were removed from 60 mL syringes with Nalgene filters attached (surfactant-free cellulose, 25 mm, 0.45 micron pore size) and rinsed twice with seawater from the Niskin. The syringe was filled with sample water from the Niskin. The plunger was inserted, the syringe inverted, and the filter removed to remove the air bubble. With the filter re-attached, about 5 mL of of sample water was filtered into sample bottle to rinse and then discarded. 45-50 mL of sample was filtered into sample bottle, such that it was less than 2/3 full. The cap was secured and the bottle frozen upright in a -10 degree Celsius freezer until analyzed. Analyses and calibration followed the protocols of the WOCE Hydrographic Program using a Seal Analytical AA3 (UNESCO 1994).; Replicate information: No replicate samples were collected or analyzed.; Uncertainty: Accreditation codes and detection limits: EPA 353.4_2_1997, NELAC Code 10068209, MDLs 0.011uM, 0.0002mg/L (from https://www.ocean.washington.edu/story/Marine+Chemistry+Laboratory).; Quality flag convention: NUTRIENTS_FLAG_W, WOCE water sample quality codes are used: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Laboratory quality assurance procedures were followed, as detailed in UNESCO (1994). These QC codes were assigned values of 2 by default initially. However, where sample measurements were observed to be outliers in cross-plots with other variables or in transect depth profiles, the quality codes have been updated from a 2 to a 3 or 4 after close inspection of the profile at that station, including other parameters.; Method reference: UNESCO (1994). Protocols for the joint global ocean flux study (JGOFS) core measurements. Vol. 29.; Researcher name: Kathy Krogsland; Researcher institution: University of Washington School of Oceanography Parameter or Variable: Concentration of ammonium (NH4+) measured from discrete bottles; Abbreviation: AMMONIUM_UMOL_L; Unit: micromoles per liter of seawater (umol/L or uM); Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected in Niskin bottles on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: To convert units from umol per L to umol per kg, we divided AMMONIUM_UMOL_L by the value of sigma theta (potential density anomaly, kg per m3) calculated for laboratory conditions (i.e. using laboratory temperature [22 degrees C] and sample salinity) and multiplied by 1000 L per m3. The concentration is also provided in umol per kg units, under the column header AMMONIUM_UMOL_KG.; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Seal Analytical AA3; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: From the Niskin bottle, seawater was drawn into 60 mL HDPE sample bottles to rinse the bottle and cap twice. Plungers were removed from 60 mL syringes with Nalgene filters attached (surfactant-free cellulose, 25 mm, 0.45 micron pore size) and rinsed twice with seawater from the Niskin. The syringe was filled with sample water from the Niskin. The plunger was inserted, the syringe inverted, and the filter removed to remove the air bubble. With the filter re-attached, about 5 mL of of sample water was filtered into sample bottle to rinse and then discarded. 45-50 mL of sample was filtered into sample bottle, such that it was less than 2/3 full. The cap was secured and the bottle frozen upright in a -10 degree Celsius freezer until analyzed. Analyses and calibration followed the protocols of the WOCE Hydrographic Program using a Seal Analytical AA3 (UNESCO 1994).; Replicate information: No replicate samples were collected or analyzed.; Uncertainty: Accreditation codes and detection limits: EPA 349, NELAC Code WM920220, MDLs 0.047uM, 0.0007mg/L (from https://www.ocean.washington.edu/story/Marine+Chemistry+Laboratory).; Quality flag convention: NUTRIENTS_FLAG_W, WOCE water sample quality codes are used: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Laboratory quality assurance procedures were followed, as detailed in UNESCO (1994). These QC codes were assigned values of 2 by default initially. However, where sample measurements were observed to be outliers in cross-plots with other variables or in transect depth profiles, the quality codes have been updated from a 2 to a 3 or 4 after close inspection of the profile at that station, including other parameters.; Method reference: UNESCO (1994). Protocols for the joint global ocean flux study (JGOFS) core measurements. Vol. 29.; Researcher name: Kathy Krogsland; Researcher institution: University of Washington School of Oceanography Parameter or Variable: uncorrected oxygen concentration from CTD-O2 sensor; Abbreviation: CTD_OXY_mg_L; Unit: milligrams per liter (mg/L); Observation type: Water column profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Not applicable; Sampling instrument: Sea-Bird Scientific SBE43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: This file contains the upcast data collected using the CTD package and any additional sensors attached to a rosette cage deployed on a research vessel. The upcast data correspond to when the bottles on the rosette cage were fired and water samples were collected. All upcasts during the cruise are contained in this file and are sorted by station. CTD data were processed using Sea-Bird's proprietary data processing software using the Data Conversion and Bottle Summary modules. Data Conversion converts raw data from the CTD to engineering units, storing the converted data in a .ros file. Bottle Summary reads the .ros file created by Data Conversion, derives dependent variables and writes a bottle data summary to a .btl file. The CTDOXY_MG_L column contains CTD O2 data that have been processed post-cruise but NOT corrected to bottle oxygen values.; Uncertainty: Initial accuracy = +/- 2% of saturation; typical stability = 0.5% per 1000 hours of deployed time (clean membrane); Quality flag convention: CTDOXY_FLAG_W, WOCE CTDO data quality codes are used: 1 = not calibrated, 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = interpolated over a pressure interval larger than 2 dbar, 7 = despiked, 9 = not sampled. We note that during data processing with Sea Bird software, data alignment is improved to prevent spiking. All data quality codes contained in this data set were assigned after data processing and were given a value of 2 by default. Adjustments to quality codes were made after careful inspection of the data set after data processing. Those flagged 3 represent values that are questionable due to being out of expected ranges, having inverted profile values from what would normally be expected in this region, or being strong outliers in the CTD vs. BOTTLE oxygen plot and regression analysis.; Method reference: Sea-Bird Scientific web site: https://www.seabird.com/oxygen-sensors/sbe-43-dissolved-oxygen-sensor/family?productCategoryId=54627869932; Researcher name: Jan Newton; Researcher institution: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory Parameter or Variable: oxygen concentration in discrete bottle samples; Abbreviation: OXYGEN_MG_L_1, OXYGEN_MG_L_2; Unit: milligrams per liter (mg/L); Observation type: Water column profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: We followed the calculations of Carpenter (1965), as described by Codispoti: https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/dg/codispoti1988_oxygenprotocol_a.pdf; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Brinkman Dosimat automated titrator; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: A tygon tube was attached to the Niskin bottle and flushed so no air remained. A 125-mL iodine flask was inverted over the upward-pointing tube and flushed, rinsing and reverting the bottle to allow it to fill, overflowing three times its volume. The tube was withdrawn without turbulence, maintaining an overfull bottle. A repipettor was used to dispense 1 mL of MgCl2 and 1 mL of NaOH-NaI with Azide added. The flask was capped without introducing a bubble, inverted and mixed thoroughly, about a dozen times. The bottle was allowed to settle, then remixed, and a bead of DI water added to the lid for an airtight seal. The analysis method is based upon the Carpenter (1965) whole flask titration of iodine, which is produced by an equivalent amount of dissolved oxygen. An automated titrator (Brinkman Dosimat) uses an amperometric end-point detection as described by Culberson and Huang (1987) and modified for IBM-PC computers by Knapp et al. (1990). The nominal 125-mL iodine flasks are used for sampling are pre-calibrated so their volumes are precisely known. Samples were titrated within a day or two of being collected, allowing the samples to come to room temperature where the titration occured.; Replicate information: We collected and analyzed replicate samples from approximately 2% of the Niskins sampled. * The number at the end of the variable abbreviation refers to the replicate number.; Uncertainty: Precision of 4% calculated as average SD of duplicate analyses; Quality flag convention: OXYGEN_FLAG_W, WOCE water sample quality codes are used: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. These QC codes were initially assigned on the basis of the observed quality of laboratory analysis. These codes do not account for field sampling aberrations. Adjustments to quality codes were made after careful inspection of the data set after data processing. Where sample values were observed to be strong outliers in cross-plots with other variables, the quality codes have been updated from a 2 to a 3 or 4 after close inspection of the profile at that station, including other parameters. Those flagged 3 represent values that are questionable due to being out of expected ranges, having inverted profile values from what would normally be expected in this region, or being strong outliers in the CTD vs. BOTTLE oxygen plot and regression analysis. Those flagged 4 are either values that clearly represent a Niskin misfire at an unknown depth or samples that had notes about analytical problems associated with them. Please see more information under CTDOXY_UMOL_KG_ADG on post-cruise processing of oxygen data. Measurements with quality codes of 4 have been expunged and replaced with quality codes of 5 prior to submission.; Method reference: Carpenter, J.H. 1965. The accuracy of the Winkler method for dissolved oxygen. Limnology and Oceanography 10: 135-140. Codispoti, L. 1988. One man's advice on the determination of dissolved oxygen in seawater. https://www.ioos.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/codispoti1988_oxygenprotocol_a.pdf Culberson, G.H. and S. Huang. 1987. Automated Amperometric Oxygen titration. Deep-Sea Research 34: 875-880. Knapp, G.P., M.C. Stalcup, and R.J. Stanley. 1990. Automated oxygen titration and salinity determination. Report WHOI-90-35. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA (https://darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org/bitstream/handle/1912/1020/WHOI-90-35.pdf?sequence=1).; Researcher name: Jan Newton; Researcher institution: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory Parameter or Variable: Potential density anomaly, also known as sigma theta, referenced to 0 db pressure; Abbreviation: SIGMATHETA_KG_M3; Unit: kilograms per meter cubed (kg/m3); Observation type: Water column profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Calculated; Calculation method and parameters: Calculated within Sea-Bird Scientific's SeaSAVE or SBE Data Processing software using TEOS-10 equations for cruises after 2013 and EOS-80 equations prior to 2013 (per web site: http://www.seabird.com/software/sbe-data-processing).; Method reference: http://www.oc.nps.edu/nom/day1/parta.html, http://www.seabird.com/software/sbe-data-processing; Researcher name: Jan Newton; Researcher institution: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory Parameter or Variable: Longitude in decimal degrees East (negative for Western Hemisphere); Abbreviation: LONGITUDE_DEC; Unit: Latitude in decimal degrees North (negative for Southern Hemisphere); Observation type: LATITUDE_DEC; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Station number, corresponds to the numerical value after the P in PRISM Station numbers found at http://nvs.nanoos.org/CruiseSalish; Calculation method and parameters: NISKIN_NO; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle number. The sequence of trip depths starts with deepest bottle trip = 1.; Analyzing instrument: DATE_UTC; Duration: Date (mm/dd/yyyy) in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); Detailed sampling and analyzing information: TIME_UTC; Replicate information: Time (HH:mm:ss) in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); Uncertainty: DATE_LOCAL; Quality flag convention: Date (mm/dd/yyyy) in Local Time; Method reference: TIME_LOCAL; Biological subject: Time (HH:mm:ss) in Local Time; Species ID: Vera Trainer; Researcher name: 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112; Researcher institution: 206-860-6788 Parameter or Variable: Longitude in decimal degrees East (negative for Western Hemisphere); Abbreviation: LONGITUDE_DEC Parameter or Variable: Latitude in decimal degrees North (negative for Southern Hemisphere); Abbreviation: LATITUDE_DEC Parameter or Variable: Station number, corresponds to the numerical value after the P in PRISM Station numbers found at http://nvs.nanoos.org/CruiseSalish; Abbreviation: STATION_NO Parameter or Variable: Niskin bottle number. The sequence of trip depths starts with deepest bottle trip = 1.; Abbreviation: NISKIN_NO Parameter or Variable: Date (mm/dd/yyyy) in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); Abbreviation: DATE_UTC Parameter or Variable: Time (HH:mm:ss) in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). NB: time reflects CTD system power up, not individual Niskin bottle fire times.; Abbreviation: TIME_UTC Parameter or Variable: Date (mm/dd/yyyy) in Local Time; Abbreviation: DATE_LOCAL Parameter or Variable: Time (HH:mm:ss) in Local Time. NB: time reflects CTD system power up, not individual Niskin bottle fire times.; Abbreviation: TIME_LOCAL asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. CTD CTD Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe Niskin bottle Niskin bottle Device for obtaining samples of seawater at a specific depth Why special entry for Niskin bottle but no entry for Nansen bottle? oxygen sensor oxygen sensor Any instrument that measures oxygen content in a compound. salinometer salinometer generic salinometer use salinometer when the instrument type used is unclear but the data include salinity measurements titrator titrator titrator NOAA Ship Bell M. Shimada Flag: United States Title: NOAA Ship Port: Pascagoula, MS Type: Fishery Research Vessel DOB: 2009-10 IMO: 9349069 MMSI: 369970147 Length: 63.8m Commissioned date: 2010-09-20 URL: http://www.moc.noaa.gov/sh/index.html Submitted to ICES on 2012-03-20. Confirmed by NOAA on 2012-05-17.