{"accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["010:12"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Integrated Modeling &Prediction Division", "hasEmail": "mailto:gs-w-model-data-management@usgs.gov"}, "description": "A sequence of nine two-dimensional cross-sectional groundwater models \nusing MODFLOW-2005 was created to study whether underpressures \n(subhydrostatic heads) in the Paleozoic units underlying the Great Plains \nof North America are a consequence of Cenozoic uplift of the area. Based \non tectonostratigraphic data incorporated into these nine models, we have \ndeveloped a cumulative uplift history with superimposed periods of deposition \nand erosion for the Great Plains for the period from 40Ma to the present. \nUplift, deposition, and erosion on an 800 kilometer long geologic cross-section \nextending from northeast Colorado to eastern Kansas is represented in these \nnine time-stepped geohydrologic models. Sequential solution of the two-dimensional \ndiffusion equation reveals the evolution of hydraulic head and underpressure in a \nchanging structural environment after 40 Ma, culminating in an approximate match \nwith the measured present day values. The modeled and measured hydraulic head \nvalues indicate that underpressures increase to the west. The 2 to 0 Ma model \nindicates that the present-day hydraulic head values of the Paleozoic units have \nnot reached steady state. This result is significant because it indicates that \npresent-day hydraulic heads are not at equilibrium, and underpressures will \nincrease in the future. The pattern uncovered by the series of nine MODFLOW \nmodels is of increased underpressures with time. Overall, the models indicate \nthat tectonic uplift explains the development of underpressures in the Great \nPlains. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the \nsimulations described in the associated journal article \n(https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3765743).", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "accessURL": "https://doi.org/10.5066/P94QFHL9", "description": "Landing page for access to the data", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "application/http", "title": "Digital Data"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "description": "The metadata original format", "downloadURL": "https://data.usgs.gov/datacatalog/metadata/USGS.41ca4f5f-a2b6-4557-8715-21d747b2233f.xml", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "text/xml", "title": "Original Metadata"}], "identifier": "http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_41ca4f5f-a2b6-4557-8715-21d747b2233f", "keyword": ["Colorado", "Fluid Underpressures", "Great Plains", "Groundwater", "Groundwater Model", "InlandWaters", "Kansas", "MODFLOW-2005", "Tectonic Uplift", "USGS:41ca4f5f-a2b6-4557-8715-21d747b2233f", "environment", "geoscientificInformation", "inlandWaters", "usgsgroundwatermodel"], "modified": "2020-11-17T00:00:00Z", "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"}, "spatial": "-104.587835, 37.941942, -96.210036, 40.426574", "theme": ["geospatial"], "title": "MODFLOW-2005 model used to Simulate the Evolution of Fluid Underpressures in the                         Great Plains, by Incorporation of Tectonic Uplift and Tilting"}