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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/263" xlink:actuate="onRequest">phosphate</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/307" xlink:actuate="onRequest">SALINITY</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/333" xlink:actuate="onRequest">silicate</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/5" xlink:actuate="onRequest">total alkalinity</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/373" xlink:actuate="onRequest">WATER TEMPERATURE</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/insttype/details/8" xlink:actuate="onRequest">CTD</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/insttype/details/210" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Niskin bottle</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/insttype/details/167" xlink:actuate="onRequest">nutrient autoanalyzer</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/insttype/details/27" xlink:actuate="onRequest">oxygen sensor</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/insttype/details/75" xlink:actuate="onRequest">salinometer</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/insttype/details/174" xlink:actuate="onRequest">temperature sensor</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/insttype/details/199" xlink:actuate="onRequest">titrator</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/obstype/details/52" xlink:actuate="onRequest">discrete sample</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/obstype/details/14" xlink:actuate="onRequest">physical</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/obstype/details/18" xlink:actuate="onRequest">profile</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/platform/details/1013" xlink:actuate="onRequest">CCGS Parizeau</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/platform/details/7584" xlink:actuate="onRequest">CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/platform/details/893" xlink:actuate="onRequest">ENDEAVOUR</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/platform/details/882" xlink:actuate="onRequest">JOHN P. TULLY</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="platform">platform</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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                <gco:CharacterString>NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/105" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/948" xlink:actuate="onRequest">The University of British Columbia</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="dataCentre">dataCentre</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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                <gco:CharacterString>NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/948" xlink:actuate="onRequest">The University of British Columbia</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="dataCentre">dataCentre</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/project/details/230" xlink:actuate="onRequest">LINE P</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="project">project</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="place">place</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="dataCentre">dataCentre</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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            <gco:CharacterString>1999.21</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>2001.08</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>2001.29</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>2004.05</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>2008.01</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>2008.27</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>2010.13</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>2014.01</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>2015.01</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>2016.08</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/d9b4f30d-bddd-4888-b66b-07d2dc09708b" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; INORGANIC CARBON</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/4fde380a-38c5-4d46-bc80-4f2515a43983" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; NITRATE</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/941410da-0b7f-4ec6-a718-212194ced13f" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; NITRITE</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/90aa8838-79bd-4b28-b518-8217e863c385" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; OXYGEN</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/ed79ec7b-a2df-4948-9877-b75e1fcb8782" xlink:actuate="onRequest">SALINOMETERS</gmx:Anchor>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gmd:CI_Date>
                  <gmd:date>
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                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                  <gmd:linkage>
                    <gmd:URL>ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0179/0234342/</gmd:URL>
                  </gmd:linkage>
                  <gmd:protocol>
                    <gco:CharacterString>FTP</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:protocol>
                  <gmd:applicationProfile>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Any FTP client</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:applicationProfile>
                  <gmd:name>
                    <gco:CharacterString>FTP</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:name>
                  <gmd:description>
                    <gco:CharacterString>These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:description>
                  <gmd:function>
                    <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
                  </gmd:function>
                </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              </gmd:onLine>
            </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
          </gmd:distributorTransferOptions>
        </gmd:MD_Distributor>
      </gmd:distributor>
    </gmd:MD_Distribution>
  </gmd:distributionInfo>
  <gmd:dataQualityInfo>
    <gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
      <gmd:scope>
        <gmd:DQ_Scope>
          <gmd:level>
            <gmd:MD_ScopeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset">dataset</gmd:MD_ScopeCode>
          </gmd:level>
        </gmd:DQ_Scope>
      </gmd:scope>
      <gmd:lineage>
        <gmd:LI_Lineage>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>NCEI Accession 0234342 v1.1 was published.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:dateTime>
                <gco:DateTime>2021-05-27T23:24:13Z</gco:DateTime>
              </gmd:dateTime>
              <gmi:output>
                <gmi:LE_Source>
                  <gmd:sourceCitation>
                    <gmd:CI_Citation>
                      <gmd:title>
                        <gco:CharacterString>NCEI Accession 0234342 v1.1</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:title>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gmd:CI_Date>
                          <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
                          <gmd:dateType>
                            <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
                          </gmd:dateType>
                        </gmd:CI_Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                        <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                          <gmd:individualName gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
                          <gmd:contactInfo>
                            <gmd:CI_Contact>
                              <gmd:onlineResource>
                                <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                                  <gmd:linkage>
                                    <gmd:URL>https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0234342/1.1</gmd:URL>
                                  </gmd:linkage>
                                  <gmd:protocol>
                                    <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
                                  </gmd:protocol>
                                  <gmd:name>
                                    <gco:CharacterString>NCEI Accession 0234342 v1.1</gco:CharacterString>
                                  </gmd:name>
                                  <gmd:description>
                                    <gco:CharacterString>published 2021-05-27T23:24:13Z</gco:CharacterString>
                                  </gmd:description>
                                  <gmd:function>
                                    <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
                                  </gmd:function>
                                </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                              </gmd:onlineResource>
                            </gmd:CI_Contact>
                          </gmd:contactInfo>
                          <gmd:role gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
                        </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                      </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                    </gmd:CI_Citation>
                  </gmd:sourceCitation>
                </gmi:LE_Source>
              </gmi:output>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:dataQualityInfo>
    <gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
      <gmd:scope>
        <gmd:DQ_Scope>
          <gmd:level>
            <gmd:MD_ScopeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset">dataset</gmd:MD_ScopeCode>
          </gmd:level>
        </gmd:DQ_Scope>
      </gmd:scope>
      <gmd:lineage>
        <gmd:LI_Lineage>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon;
Abbreviation: DIC_UMOL_KG;
Unit: µmol/kg;
Observation type: profile;
Measured or calculated: Measured;
Sampling instrument: Rosette; Niskin bottle 10L;
Analyzing instrument: SOMMA or VINDTA along with a 5011 or 5017 Coulometer;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples were collected from standard depths in 250 or 500 mL borosilicate glass reagent bottles. The sample was preserved with 100 µL of a mercuric chloride saturated solution; then sealed with Apiezon M grease and the ground glass stoppers secured in place with electrical tape. Samples were stored in the dark at 4 degrees C until analysis ashore. DIC was analyzed using a SOMMA coulometric titration of CO2 purged from the sample after acidification. Measurements of a Certified reference material seawater (CRMs; Scripps Oceanographic Institution) were used for calibrating DIC with daily duplicate CRM measurements. Uncertainty was calculated to be plus minus 1.5 µmol/kg, calculated from the pooled standard deviation of all replicates from 1990 - 2019. Additionally, were adjusted in the pertinent cruises following the PACIFICA adjustment table: following the suggested corrections from PACIFICA database: http://pacifica.pices.jp/cgi-bin/PACIFICAadjustment.csv;
Standardization description: Referenced to duplicate measurements of a CRM before each daily batch of samples;
Standardization frequency: Daily;
CRM manufacturer: Scripps Andrew Dickson Lab;
Preservation method: HgCl2;
Preservative volume: 100 µL;
Preservative correction: 1.0002 for 500ml samples; 1.0004 for 250ml samples;
Uncertainty: 1.5 µmol/kg;
Quality flag convention: WOCE QC flags: 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Dickson; A.G.; Sabine; C.L. and Christian; J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements. PICES Special Publication 3; 191 pp.; https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Handbook_2007/Guide_all_in_one.pdf; Chapter 4; SOP 2;
Researcher name: Debby Ianson, Jim Christian, Lisa Miller, Marty Davelaar, Joe Linguanti, Kyle Simpson, Danielle Caleb;
Researcher institution: Institute of Ocean Sciences</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity;
Abbreviation: TA_UMOL_KG;
Unit: µmol/kg;
Observation type: Profile;
Measured or calculated: Measured;
Sampling instrument: Rosette; Niskin bottle 10L;
Analyzing instrument: In-house automated sampler with Metrohm Dosimat 665 and LabView TM software;
Type of titration: Potentiometric titration;
Cell type (open or closed): The total alkalinity (TA) measurement protocol transitioned from the closed-cell analytical method (Dickson and Goyet, 1994) prior to June 1999 to open-cell (Dickson et al., 2007) for subsequent cruises.;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples were collected from standard depths in 250 or 500 mL borosilicate glass reagent bottles. The sample was preserved with 100 µL of a mercuric chloride saturated solution; then sealed with Apiezon M grease and the ground glass stoppers secured in place with electrical tape. Samples were stored in the dark at 4 degrees C until analysis ashore.;
Standardization frequency: Daily;
CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson; Scripps Oceanographic Institute;
Preservation method: HgCl2;
Preservative volume: 100 µL;
Uncertainty: Variable from cruise to cruise, ranging from plus minus 5 µmol/kg to 10 µmol/kg.;
Method reference: Dickson and Goyet 1994, Dickson et al., 2007;
Researcher name: Debby Ianson, Jim Christian, Lisa Miller, Marty Davelaar, Joe Linguanti, Kyle Simpson, Danielle Caleb;
Researcher institution: Institute of Ocean Sciences</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Nitrate plus nitrite;
Abbreviation: NITRATE_NITRITE_UMOL_KG;
Unit: µmol/kg;
Observation type: Profile;
Sampling instrument: Rosette; Niskin bottle 10L;
Analyzing instrument: Technicon AutoAnalyzer (earlier cruises) or Astoria analyzer (newer cruises);
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: From 1990 to 2010 nutrient analysis was made fresh at sea. After 2010 samples below 400 m were stored at 4°C in the dark, while the rest of the nutrient samples were stored frozen. For all profiles, units were converted from the original µmol/L to µmol/kg using potential density calculated with matlab's TEOS-10 functions. Additionally, were adjusted in the pertinent cruises following the PACIFICA adjustment table: following the suggested corrections from PACIFICA database: http://pacifica.pices.jp/cgi-bin/PACIFICAadjustment.csv;
Uncertainty: NITRATE_NITRITE_FLAG_W, reported uncertainty of 0.53 µmol;
Quality flag convention: WOCE QC flags;
Method reference: IOS nutrient methods: Barwell-Clarke; J. and Whitney; F. 1996. Institute of Ocean Sciences Nutrient Methods and Analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences; No. 182; 43 pp.;
Researcher institution: Institute of Ocean Sciences</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Silicic acid;
Abbreviation: SILICATE_UMOL_KG;
Unit: µmol/kg;
Observation type: Profile;
Sampling instrument: Rosette; Niskin bottle 10L;
Analyzing instrument: Technicon AutoAnalyzer (earlier cruises) or Astoria analyzer (newer cruises);
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: From 1990 to 2010 nutrient analysis was made fresh at sea. After 2010 samples below 400 m were stored at 4°C in the dark, while the rest of the nutrient samples were stored frozen. For all profiles, units were converted from the original µmol/L to µmol/kg using potential density calculated with matlab's TEOS-10 functions. Additionally, were adjusted in the pertinent cruises following the PACIFICA adjustment table: following the suggested corrections from PACIFICA database: http://pacifica.pices.jp/cgi-bin/PACIFICAadjustment.csv;
Uncertainty: SILICATE_FLAG_W, pooled standard deviation 1.6 µmol/kg;
Quality flag convention: WOCE QC flags;
Method reference: IOS nutrient methods: Barwell-Clarke; J. and Whitney; F. 1996. Institute of Ocean Sciences Nutrient Methods and Analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences; No. 182; 43 pp.;
Researcher institution: Institute of Ocean Sciences</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Phosphate;
Abbreviation: PHOSPHATE_UMOL_KG;
Unit: µmol/kg;
Observation type: Profile;
Sampling instrument: Rosette; Niskin bottle 10L;
Analyzing instrument: Technicon AutoAnalyzer (earlier cruises) or Astoria analyzer (newer cruises);
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: From 1990 to 2010 nutrient analysis was made fresh at sea. After 2010 samples below 400 m were stored at 4°C in the dark, while the rest of the nutrient samples were stored frozen. For all profiles, units were converted from the original µmol/L to µmol/kg using potential density calculated with matlab's TEOS-10 functions. Additionally, were adjusted in the pertinent cruises following the PACIFICA adjustment table: following the suggested corrections from PACIFICA database: http://pacifica.pices.jp/cgi-bin/PACIFICAadjustment.csv;
Uncertainty: PHOSPHATE_FLAG_W, pooled standard deviation 0.03 µmol/kg;
Quality flag convention: WOCE QC flags;
Method reference: IOS nutrient methods: Barwell-Clarke; J. and Whitney; F. 1996. Institute of Ocean Sciences Nutrient Methods and Analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences; No. 182; 43 pp.;
Researcher institution: Institute of Ocean Sciences</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Pressure;
Abbreviation: CTDPRS_DBAR;
Unit: dbar;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: Guildline Model 8737 CTD and Seabird CTD SBE-911plus;
Researcher institution: Institute of Ocean Sciences</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: ;
Abbreviation: DEPTH_METER;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: From the first cruise in this database until September 1992 (EXPOCODE 18DD19920908), depth determinations were made using the "depth difference" method described in the U.S.N. Hydrographic Office Publication No. 607 (1955). Depth estimates have an approximate accuracy of +-5 m for depths less than 1000 m, and +-0.5% of depth for depths greater than 1000 m. In the paper related to this database, which concerns the top 600 m of the water column, we assumed that 1m = 1dbar and did not transform from depth into pressure.;
Uncertainty: plus minus 5 m for depths less than 1000 m, and +-0.5% of depth for depths greater than 1000 m;
Researcher institution: Institute of Ocean Sciences</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Oxygen;
Abbreviation: OXYGEN_UMOL_KG;
Unit: µmol/kg;
Observation type: Profile;
Sampling instrument: Rosette; Niskin bottle 10L.;
Analyzing instrument: The dissolved oxygen analyses were done in the shipboard laboratory by a micro-Winkler procedure of Carpenter (1965) with a starch end-point tritration.;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Oxygen samples were analyzed at sea using an automated Winkler titration system with modifications based on Carpenter (1965) and adhering to WOCE protocols. In cruises 18DD20060130, 18DD20060919, 18DD20070208, 18DD20070530, 18DD20070814, 18DD20080131, 18DD20080528, 18DD20080813, 18DD20100203 and 18DD20100606, CTD oxygen was used, after being calibrated with deep oxygen bottle samples. Additionally, were adjusted in the pertinent cruises following the PACIFICA adjustment table: following the suggested corrections from PACIFICA database: http://pacifica.pices.jp/cgi-bin/PACIFICAadjustment.csv;
Uncertainty: OXYGEN_FLAG_W, pooled standard deviation 1.4 µmol/kg;
Quality flag convention: WOCE QC flags;
Method reference: Carpenter; J.H. 1965. The Chesapeake Bay Institute Technique for the Winkler Dissolved Oxygen Method. Limmnol. and Oceanogr.; 10: 141-143 Culberson; C.H. 1991. Dissolved oxygen. WOCE Hydrographic Programme Operations and Methods (July 1991). 15pp.);
Researcher institution: Institute of Ocean Sciences</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataMaintenance>
    <gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
      <gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
        <gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode" codeListValue="asNeeded">asNeeded</gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode>
      </gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
      <gmd:maintenanceNote>
        <gco:CharacterString>Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:maintenanceNote>
      <gmd:contact>
        <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
          <gmd:organisationName>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:organisationName>
          <gmd:role>
            <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
          </gmd:role>
        </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
      </gmd:contact>
    </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
  </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation id="AMS">
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be58">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>measures gaseous carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water.

To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bee7">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CTD</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>CTD</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be3d">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>Niskin bottle</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Niskin bottle</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Device for obtaining samples of seawater at a specific depth

Why special entry for Niskin bottle but no entry for Nansen bottle?</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be48">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>nutrient autoanalyzer</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>nutrient autoanalyzer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Laboratory Instrument

Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term describing an automated flow-thru system used to conduct analyses of several different nutrients (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) simultaneously from a seawater sample.

For example:
SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR Continuous Segmented Flow Analyzer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bef4">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>oxygen sensor</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>oxygen sensor</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Any instrument that measures oxygen content in a compound.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bea4">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>salinometer</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>salinometer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>generic salinometer

use salinometer when the instrument type used is unclear but the data include salinity measurements</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be41">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>temperature sensor</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>temperature sensor</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>A sensor used to measure temperature.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be28">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>titrator</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>titrator</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>titrator</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_bd1a">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CCGS Parizeau</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Additional information from ICES for the vessel PARIZEAU from CANADA.

Name : PARIZEAU
Flag : CANADA - CA (ISO Country Code)
Call Sign : CGBS
Title : CCGS
Platform Class : 31 Research vessel
IMO : 6711728
Commissioned Date : 1967
Decommissioned Date : 2001
Current Length : 57.8
Built : 1967
Notes : Named 2001-04 in 2003 and Destiny Empress in 2005

Additional Information Sources:
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCGS_Parizeau
- http://www.shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=2241

General Comments:
From Miramar: 2001-04 in 2003 and Destiny Empress in 2005

Parizeau served with DFO's Pacific Region from 1966 until 1992 at the Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, BC when she was transferred to DFO's Maritime Region where she was attached to the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth. Parizeau served in the DFO's Maritime Region as a replacement vessel for her soon to be decommissioned sister CSS Dawson. Following the transfer of the Canadian Coast Guard to DFO in 1995 and the merger of the DFO science and enforcement vessels into CCG, the Parizeau's prefix was changed from CSS to CCGS (Canadian Coast Guard Ship), the superstructure colour scheme was changed from science vessel white, with a buff coloured funnel to the Canadian Coast Guard red hull and white superstructure colour scheme. Parizeau crew members became employees of the Canadian Coast Guard, a Special Operating Agency of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Parizeau ceased government science programs in June, 2000.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_a34f">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Title: Canadian Coast Guard Ship (CCGS)
Flag: Canada
Vessel Type: Buoy Tender
IMO: 8320456
DOB: Nov 1986</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_bd92">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>ENDEAVOUR</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Flag: Canada
Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Oceanographic)
DOB: Mar 1965
IMO: 6422511</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_bd9d">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>JOHN P. TULLY</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>JOHN P. TULLY</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
    </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>