noaa-icecore-27690 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2023-09-01 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) SP19 Age Model 2019-09-19 publication doi:10.25921/0kkx-wd50 noaa-icecore-27690 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Winski, D.A. originator Winski, D.A. author Fudge, T.J. originator Fudge, T.J. author Ferris, D.G. originator Ferris, D.G. author Osterberg, E. originator Osterberg, E. author Fegyveresi, J.M. originator Fegyveresi, J.M. author Cole-Dai, J. originator Cole-Dai, J. author Thundercloud, Z. originator Thundercloud, Z. author Cox, T.S. originator Cox, T.S. author Kreutz, K.J. originator Kreutz, K.J. author Ortman, N. originator Ortman, N. author Buizert, C. originator Buizert, C. author Epifanio, J. originator Epifanio, J. author Brook, E.J. originator Brook, E.J. author Beaudette, R. originator Beaudette, R. author Severinghaus, J. originator Severinghaus, J. author Sowers, T. originator Sowers, T. author Steig, E.J. originator Steig, E.J. author Kahle, E.C. originator Kahle, E.C. author Jones, T.R. originator Jones, T.R. author Morris, V. originator Morris, V. author Aydin, M. originator Aydin, M. author Nicewonger, M.R. originator Nicewonger, M.R. author Casey, K.A. originator Casey, K.A. author Alley, R.B. originator Alley, R.B. author Waddington, E.D. originator Waddington, E.D. author Iverson, N. originator Iverson, N. author Bay, R.C. originator Bay, R.C. author Souney, J.M. originator Souney, J.M. author Dunbar, N.W. originator Dunbar, N.W. author Sigl, M. originator Sigl, M. author McConnell, J.R. originator McConnell, J.R. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Ice Core. The data include parameters of ice cores with a geographic location of Antarctica. The time period coverage is from 54302 to -65 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past temperature, precipitation, atmospheric trace gases, and other aspects of climate and environment derived from ice cores drilled on glaciers and ice caps around the world. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-icecore.png Paleoclimatology - Ice Core PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Ice Core Records Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Ice Core Records theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > chemistry earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > physical properties earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > accumulation earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > age control theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian What: layer thickness; Material: bulk ice What: ice age; Material: null What: ice age; Material: null What: ice age at sample start; Material: null What: ice age; Material: null What: ice age; Material: null What: ice age at sample end; Material: null What: calcium; Material: bulk ice What: depth; Material: null What: density; Material: bulk ice What: sample identification; Material: null What: ice age; Material: null What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: nitrate; Material: bulk ice What: layer thickness; Material: bulk ice What: nitrate; Material: bulk ice What: depth; Material: null What: ice age; Material: null What: depth; Material: null What: delta 15N; Material: nitrogen gas theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Continent > Antarctica > South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) > LATITUDE -89.99 > LONGITUDE -99.16 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Winski, D.A.; Fudge, T.J.; Ferris, D.G.; Osterberg, E.; Fegyveresi, J.M.; Cole-Dai, J.; Thundercloud, Z.; Cox, T.S.; Kreutz, K.J.; Ortman, N.; Buizert, C.; Epifanio, J.; Brook, E.J.; Beaudette, R.; Severinghaus, J.; Sowers, T.; Steig, E.J.; Kahle, E.C.; Jones, T.R.; Morris, V.; Aydin, M.; Nicewonger, M.R.; Casey, K.A.; Alley, R.B.; Waddington, E.D.; Iverson, N.; Bay, R.C.; Souney, J.M.; Dunbar, N.W.; Sigl, M.; McConnell, J.R. (2019-09-19): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) SP19 Age Model. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/0kkx-wd50. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. The SP19 Chronology for the South Pole Ice Core - Part 1: volcanic matching and annual layer counting 2019 publication Dominic A. Winski, Tyler J. Fudge, David G. Ferris, Erich C. Osterberg, John M. Fegyveresi, Jihong Cole-Dai, Zayta Thundercloud, Thomas S. Cox, Karl J. Kreutz, Nikolas Ortman, Christo Buizert, Jenna Epifanio, Edward J. Brook, Ross Beaudette, Jeffrey Severinghaus, Todd Sowers, Eric J. Steig, Emma C. Kahle, Tyler R. Jones, Valerie Morris, Murat Aydin, Melinda R. Nicewonger, Kimberly A. Casey, Richard B. Alley, Edwin D. Waddington, Nels A. Iverson, Nelia W. Dunbar, Ryan C. Bay, Joseph M. Souney, Michael Sigl, and Joseph R. McConnell author Climate of the Past publisher https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1793-2019 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2019 Dominic A. Winski, Tyler J. Fudge, David G. Ferris, Erich C. Osterberg, John M. Fegyveresi, Jihong Cole-Dai, Zayta Thundercloud, Thomas S. Cox, Karl J. Kreutz, Nikolas Ortman, Christo Buizert, Jenna Epifanio, Edward J. Brook, Ross Beaudette, Jeffrey Severinghaus, Todd Sowers, Eric J. Steig, Emma C. Kahle, Tyler R. Jones, Valerie Morris, Murat Aydin, Melinda R. Nicewonger, Kimberly A. Casey, Richard B. Alley, Edwin D. Waddington, Nels A. Iverson, Nelia W. Dunbar, Ryan C. Bay, Joseph M. Souney, Michael Sigl, and Joseph R. McConnell, 2019: The SP19 Chronology for the South Pole Ice Core - Part 1: volcanic matching and annual layer counting. Climate of the Past, 15, 1793-1808, 10.5194/cp-15-1793-2019 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 54302 cal yr BP to -65 cal yr BP; -99.16 -99.16 -89.99 -89.99 Study Coordinates -89.99 -99.16 -52352 2015 STUDY NOTES: The depth-age relationship (SP19) and associated uncertainties for the South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) and supporting data. Firn core density added 10/8/2019 ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: The South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) was drilled in 2014-2016 to provide a detailed multi-proxy archive of paleoclimate conditions in East Antarctica during the Holocene and late Pleistocene. Interpretation of these records requires an accurate depth-age relationship. Here, we present the SP19 timescale for the age of the ice of SPICEcore. SP19 is synchronized to the WD2014 chronology from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide (WAIS Divide) ice core using stratigraphic matching of 251 volcanic events. These events indicate an age of 54,302 ± 519 years BP (before the year 1950) at the bottom of SPICEcore. Annual layers identified in sodium and magnesium ions to 11,341 BP were used to interpolate between stratigraphic volcanic tie points, yielding an annually-resolved chronology through the Holocene. Estimated timescale uncertainty during the Holocene is less than 18 years relative to WD2014, with the exception of the interval between 1800 to 3100 BP when uncertainty estimates reach ± 25 years due to widely spaced volcanic tie points. Prior to the Holocene, uncertainties remain within 124 years relative to WD2014. Results show an average Holocene accumulation rate of 7.4 cm/yr (water equivalent). The time variability of accumulation rate is consistent with expectations for steady-state ice flow through the modern spatial pattern of accumulation rate. Time variations in nitrate concentration, nitrate seasonal amplitude, and d15N of N2 in turn are as expected for the accumulation-rate variations. The highly variable yet well-constrained Holocene accumulation history at the site can help improve scientific understanding of deposition-sensitive climate proxies such as d15N of N2 and photolyzed chemical compounds. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/0kkx-wd50 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/27690 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/ice-core HTTPS Information NCEI Ice Core Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/sp19tiepoints.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/sp19dens.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/sp19d15n.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/sp19ca-no3.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/sp19age.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/sp19accum.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21