{"@type": "dcat:Dataset", "accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["026:00"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Earthdata Forum", "hasEmail": "mailto:earthdata-support@nasa.gov"}, "description": "This dataset provides a two-tier annual Land Use (LU) and Urban Land Cover (LC) product suite over three African countries, Ethiopia, Nigeria, and South Africa, across a 5-year period of 2016-2020. Remote sensing data sources were used to create 30-m resolution LU maps (Tier-1), which were then utilized to delineate urban boundaries for 10-m resolution LC classes (Tier-2). Random Forest machine learning classifier models were trained on reference data for each tier and country (but one model was trained across all years); models were validated using a separate reference data set for each tier and country. Tier-1 LU maps were based on the 30-m Landsat time series, and Tier-2 urban LC maps were based on the 10-m Sentinel-2 time series. Additional data sources included climate, topography, night-time light, and soils. The overall map accuracy was 65-80% for Tier-1 maps and 60-80% for Tier-2 maps, depending on the year and country. The data are provided in cloud optimized GeoTIFF (COG) format.", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "conformsTo": "http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmi", "description": "The metadata's original source.", "downloadURL": "https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C3235688636-ORNL_CLOUD.iso19115", "format": "ISO", "mediaType": "text/xml", "title": "Original Metadata"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://daac.ornl.gov/VEGETATION/guides/LULC_Nigeria_Ethiopia_SAfrica_Fig1.jpg", "format": "JPEG", "mediaType": "image/jpeg"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://data.ornldaac.earthdata.nasa.gov/protected/bundle/LULC_Nigeria_Ethiopia_SAfrica_2367.zip", "format": "ZIP", "mediaType": "application/zip"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://data.ornldaac.earthdata.nasa.gov/public/global_vegetation/LULC_Nigeria_Ethiopia_SAfrica/comp/LULC_Nigeria_Ethiopia_SAfrica.pdf", "format": "PDF", "mediaType": "application/pdf"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2367", "format": "HTML", "mediaType": "text/html"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/granules?p=C3235688636-ORNL_CLOUD", "format": "BIN", "mediaType": "application/octet-stream"}], "identifier": "10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2367", "keyword": ["earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-anthropogenic-human-influenced-ecosystems", "earth-science-environmental-governance-management-human-dimensions-land-management", "earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification"], "license": "https://www.usa.gov/government-works", "modified": "2026-06-22", "programCode": ["026:000"], "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "ORNL_DAAC"}, "spatial": "[\"CARTESIAN\", [{\"WestBoundingCoordinate\": 2.5725, \"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 16.2061, \"EastBoundingCoordinate\": 49.6875, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": -35.3369}]]", "temporal": "2016-01-01/2020-12-31", "theme": ["Earth Science"], "title": "Annual Land Use and Urban Land Cover: Ethiopia, Nigeria, and South Africa, 2016-2020"}