noaa-historical-37720 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2025-05-05 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - REACHES Reconstructed Temperature Index of China from 1368 to 1911 2023-03-13 publication doi:10.25921/nqcg-7e62 noaa-historical-37720 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Wang, P.-K. originator Wang, P.-K. author Lin, K.E. originator Lin, K.E. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Historical. The data include parameters of climate reconstructions|historical with a geographic location of China, Eastern Asia. The time period coverage is from 582 to 39 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past climate and environment from historical references and documentary evidence such as church records, harvest dates, and diaries. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-historical.png Paleoclimatology - Historical PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Paleoclimate Reconstructions theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|historical earth science > paleoclimate > historical theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: age; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Continent > Asia > Eastern Asia > China > Mainland China > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Wang, P.-K.; Lin, K.E. (2023-03-13): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - REACHES Reconstructed Temperature Index of China from 1368 to 1911. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/nqcg-7e62. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Reconstruction of the Temperature Index Series of China in 1368–1911 based on REACHES database 2023 publication Pao K. Wang, Kuan-Hui Elaine Lin, Yu-Shiuan Lin, Ho-Jiunn Lin, Pi-Ling Pai, Wan-Ling Tseng, Hsin-Cheng Huang and Chung-Rui Lee author Scientific Data publisher https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03937-2 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2023 Pao K. Wang, Kuan-Hui Elaine Lin, Yu-Shiuan Lin, Ho-Jiunn Lin, Pi-Ling Pai, Wan-Ling Tseng, Hsin-Cheng Huang and Chung-Rui Lee, 2023: Reconstruction of the Temperature Index Series of China in 1368–1911 based on REACHES database. Scientific Data, 11, , 10.1038/s41597-024-03937-2 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 1368 CE to 1911 CE; Date Range: 582 cal yr BP to 39 cal yr BP; 73.5 134.5 18 53 1368 1911 ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: This study reports the methodology for reconstructing anomalous temperature index series of China in 1368–1911 based on the REACHES database which digitizes the Chinese records quoted in the Compendium of Meteorological Records of China in the Last 3000 Years. The reconstruction adopts an ordinal scale index approach ranging from −2 (very cold) to 1 (warm). Based on the grading criteria, a total of 12,871 records were retrieved through a standard coding system established at REACHES. Sensitivity experiments were performed to test robustness of the index system and a reasonability test was conducted to develop an appropriate method for deriving areal mean temperature index. The reconstructed series were validated through comparison with early instrumental data from Global Historical Climatology Network which shows good correlations and reliability of the REACHES reconstructed index data. Annual and semi-annual (winter and summer) temperature index data series were released for the whole domain as well as the 3- and 15-subregion geographical domains in China. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/nqcg-7e62 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/37720 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/fire-history HTTPS Information NCEI Historical Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/asia/china/reaches/wang2023-reaches_winter_temp.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/asia/china/reaches/wang2023-reaches_summer_temp.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/asia/china/reaches/wang2023-reaches_spatialpolygon.zip HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/asia/china/reaches/wang2023-reaches_record_density.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/asia/china/reaches/wang2023-reaches_num_temp_records.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/asia/china/reaches/wang2023-reaches_annual_temp.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21