cred_arms_metadatav3 eng; USA utf8 dataset Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 808 725-5360 808 725-5429 NOAA IRC NMFS/PIFSC/CRED 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 Honolulu HI 96818 USA nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov e-mail preferred pointOfContact 2024-12-15 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) World Geodetic System 1984 WGS 84 2007-08-27 revision https://epsg.org/crs_4326/WGS-84.html WGS 84 GML of World Geodetic System 1984 coordinate reference system. information resourceProvider European Petroleum Survey Group https://epsg.org/home.html European Petroleum Survey Group Geodetic Parameter Registry Registry that accesses the EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset, which is a structured dataset of Coordinate Reference Systems and Coordinate Transformations. search publisher urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 Assessing and monitoring cryptic reef diversity of colonizing marine invertebrates across the U.S.-affiliated islands and atolls in the Pacific since 2008 using the Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structure (ARMS) method 2010-11-22 publication Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) originator tableDigital To support a long-term program for sustainable management and conservation of coral reef ecosystems, from 2008, Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) have been deployed and/or recovered across the U.S. Such cruises are conducted at two to three year intervals by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). CRED partnered with other scientists from the Census of Marine Life (CoML) Census of Coral Reef Ecosystems (CReefs) to develop Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS). ARMS mimic the complexity of coral reefs to attract/collect colonizing invertebrates and provide a systematic, consistent, and comparable method to monitor cryptic reef diversity. The key innovation of this method is that ARMS sample biodiversity over precisely the same surface area in the exact same manner. Thus, the use of ARMS is a systematic, consistent, and comparable method for monitoring the cryptobiota community overtime. At specific reef sites, divers enter the water and deploy and/or recover the ARMS unit. Each unit consists of 23 cm x 23 cm gray, type 1 PVC plates stacked in alternating series of 4 open and 4 obstructed layers and attached to a base plate of 35 cm x 45 cm which is affixed to the reef. They are designed to mimic the structural complexity of a reef and attract colonizing invertebrates. Upon recovery, the ARMS unit is encapsulated, brought to the surface, and disassembled and processed onboard the research ship. Disassembled plates are photographed to document recruited sessile organisms and scraped clean and preserved in 95% ethanol for future DNA processing. Recruited motile organisms are sieved into 3 size fractions: 2 mm, 500 um, and 100 um. The 500 um and 100 um fraction is bulked and preserved in 95% ethanol for future DNA processing. The 2 mm fraction is sorted into morphospecies. With an increasing scarcity of trained invertebrate taxonomists, ARMS enable researchers to obtain information using molecular techniques, particularly for small, cryptic organisms that constitute the bulk of reef diversity. ARMS provides a standard method for taxonomic and molecular analysis to assess invertebrate biodiversity and improve ability to measure/monitor diversity of cryptic organisms globally over time The ARMS program has received support from the Census of Marine Life (2008-2010), NOAA's Ocean Acidification Program (2010-2012), and from the National Coral Reef Monitoring Plan implementation through NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program (2012-present). ARMS deployed in the U.S.-affiliated islands and atolls of the Pacific are typically deployed during Pacific RAMP missions by Coral Reef Ecosystem Division personnel. External CRED partners participating in the RAMP missions have occasionally assisted with ARMS-related operations as well. completed Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 808 725-5360 808 725-5429 NOAA IRC NMFS/PIFSC/CRED 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 Honolulu HI 96818 USA nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov e-mail preferred pointOfContact ASNEEDED http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/cred/images/arms_install_sm.jpg A NOAA diver installing an ARMS unit. JPEG http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/cred/images/arms_deployed4_sm.jpg ARMS recruitment after 2 years JPEG CoRIS_Metadata theme NCEI Geoportal Filter Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP): Biennial monitoring for the U.S. Pacific Islands and Atolls 1221 587 National Coral Reef Monitoring Program 743 project CRCP Project Numeric Data Sets > Biology theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Cryptobiota EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Brachyura EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structure (ARMS) EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Macroinvertebrates EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Census EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Biodiversity EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Biological theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Marine Ecosystem Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) National Coral Reef Monitoring Program Coral Reef Ecosystem Invertebrates Crytobiota National Coral Reef Monitoring Plan (NCRMP) Implementation Rapid Ecological Assessment (REA) Climate Station theme None COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Ofu Island > Ofu (14S169W0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ofu (14S169W0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Ofu Island (14S169W0013) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ofu Island (14S169W0013) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Olosega Island > Olosega (14S169W0016) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Olosega (14S169W0016) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Olosega Island (14S169W0014) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Olosega Island (14S169W0014) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Rose Atoll (14S168W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Rose Atoll (14S168W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Swains Atoll (11S171W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Swains Atoll (11S171W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Mariana Archipelago > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Maug > Maug Island (20N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Maug Island > Maug Island (20N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Pagan > Pagan Island (18N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Pagan Island > Pagan Island (18N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Rota > Rota Island ( Luta ) (14N145E0007) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Rota Island > Rota Island ( Luta ) (14N145E0007) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Saipan > Saipan Island (15N145E0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Saipan Island > Saipan Island (15N145E0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kauai Island (22N159W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kauai Island > Kauai Island (22N159W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Maro Reef (25N170W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Maro Reef (25N170W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Midway Atoll (28N177W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Midway Atoll (28N177W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Baker Island (00N176W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Baker Island > Baker Island (00N176W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Howland Island (00S176W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Howland Island > Howland Island (00S176W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Johnston Atoll > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Wake Atoll > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus Pacific Remote Island Areas Main Hawaiian Islands Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands American Samoa Guam place None While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite CRED when using data. Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None unclassified Not applicable Not applicable eng; USA biota oceans Native Dataset Environment: Microsoft Access 144.80037 -154.81763 -14.55965 28.453633 2008-01-01 Maximum depth was 20 meters. Detailed information about the ARMS deployed since 2008 at the islands listed below during CRED's Pacific RAMP cruises can be found in the cruise reports for NOAA Ship Oscar Elton Sette or NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai, which are posted online on the PIFSC website. Hi'ialakai, Cruise HA-08-01 24 January - 14 February 2008 Baker and Howland of the Pacific Remote Island Areas http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHI0801-PSV.pdf Hi'ialakai, Cruise HA-08-02 18 February - 19 March 2008 Ofu, Olosega, Rose Atoll, and Tutuila of American Samoa http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHI0802-REB.pdf Hi'ialakai, Cruise HA-08-03 21 March - 12 April 2008 Jarvis, Kingman, and Palmyra of the Pacific Remote Island Areas http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHI0803a-RES.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 08-09 12 September - 12 October 2008 French Frigate Shoals, Kure, Lisianski, Maro, Midway, and Pearl and Hermes Reef of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHI0809-PSV.pdf Oscar Elton Sette, Cruise OES-08-10 16 October - 14 November 2008 Hawaii, Kauai, Maui, Oahu of the Main Hawaiian Islands http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Sette/CR0810-BVA.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 09-01 12 Mar - 1 Apr 2009 Wake Atoll of the Pacific Remote Island Areas http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHI0901-RKH.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 09-02 5-14 Apr 2009 Guam, and Rota and Saipan of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA0902-RES.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 09-03 15 Apr - 7 May 2009 Maug, Pagan, and Saipan of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA0903-RES.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 10-01, Leg 1 21 January - 14 February 2010 Johnston, Howland, and Baker of the Pacific Remote Islands Areas http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1001I-KD.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 10-01, Leg 2 17 February - 23 March 2010 Ofu, Olosega, Rose Atoll, Swains, and Tutuila of American Samoa http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1001II-KD.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 10-01, Leg 3 27 March - 24 April 2010 Jarvis Island, Palmyra Atoll, and Kingman Reef of the Pacific Remote Island Areas http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1001III-KD.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 10-07 04-29 September 2010 French Frigate Shoals, Kure Atoll, Lisianski Island, and Pearl and Hermes Atoll of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1007-KD.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 10-08 07 October - 05 November 2010 Hawaii, Kauai, Maui, and Oahu of the Main Hawaiian Islands. http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1008-KD.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 11-01, Leg I 10 March - 02 April 2011 Wake Atoll of the Pacific Remote Island Areas http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1101I-KD.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 11-01, Legs II & III 07 April - 09 May 2011 Guam, and Maug, Pagan, and Saipan of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1101II-KD.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 12-01, Leg I 27 February – 25 March 2012 Howland, Johnston, and Baker of the Pacific Remote Island Areas, and Swains of American Samoa http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1201I-JZ.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 12-01, Legs II & III 1-27 April 2012 Ofu, Olosega, Rose Atoll, and Tutuila of American Samoa http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1201II-BVA.pdf Hi‘ialakai, Cruise 12-01, Leg IV 27 April - 24 May 2012 Jarvis Island, Palmyra Atoll, and Kingman Reef of the Pacific Remote Island Areas http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1201IV-JG.pdf Oscar Elton Sette, Cruise 13-05 3-21 July, 2013 Kure of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Sette/CR1305-JL.pdf Hi'ialakai, Cruise 13-04, Legs I & II 1-23 August, 2013 Hawaii and Oahu of the Main Hawaiian Islands URL: http://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/cruise/Hiialakai/CRHA1304I.pdf Hi'ialakai, Cruise 13-05 3-19 September 2013 French Frigate Shoals and Pearl and Hermes Reef of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands URL: Cruise document not yet published as of July 1 2014. Shore-based Operations, Small Boat Mission Plan (SBMP) 13-20 18 October 2013 - 06 November 2013 Oahu of the Main Hawaiian Islands PIFSC Internal URL: http://intra.pifsc.gov/sites/default/files/SBR1320-BVA.pdf Hi'ialakai, HA-14-01, Leg I 03-31 March 2014 Wake Atoll of the Pacific Remote Island Areas, and Guam. URL: Cruise document not yet published as of July 1 2014. Hi'ialakai, HA-14-01, Legs II & III 04 April - 07 May 2014 Maug, Pagan, and Saipan of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands URL: Cruise document not yet published as of July 1 2014. XLS (Microsoft Excel worksheet) jpeg Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Data Manager 808 725-5360 808 725-5429 NOAA IRC NMFS/PIFSC/CRED 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 Honolulu HI 96818 USA nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov e-mail preferred distributor None if receiving the data online CDROM, OR EMAIL iso9660 iso9660 dataset Horizontal Positional Accuracy Report GPS unit Horizontal Positional Accuracy Instrument parameters meters 1 Vertical Positional Accuracy Report Dive computer and SCUBA depth gauge Vertical Positional Accuracy Instrument parameters meters 0.3 All ARMS units that are recovered are disassembled, photographed, and sorted by size. Taxonomic classification occurs for materials greater than 2 um. The research and development of the genetic analysis of ARMS samples is being done in collaboration with partners and data may exist for a subset of locations. ARMS that have been deployed may not have been recovered due to logistical constraints of the following mission or could not be found when divers returned to the site. ARMS sample biodiversity over precisely the same surface area in the exact same manner. Thus, the use of ARMS is a systematic, consistent, and comparable method for monitoring the cryptobiota community overtime. Three units are deployed at each site to allow for replicate measurements. Divers typically record ARMS metadata into the master Microsoft Access database within a few days of the field operations and/or ARMS processing. QA/QC procedures by the ARMS team and the Cruise Data Manager are typically completed during the field mission. ARMS Deployment - The ARMS platform consists of 23 cm x 23 cm grey, type 1 PVC plates stacked in alternating series of 4 open and 4 obstructed layers and attached to a base plate of 35 cm x 45 cm which is affixed to the reef. They are affixed to the sea floor with either four stainless steel stakes or weights and zip ties and are typically deployed on mid-depth (10-15 meters) forereef habitats in replicate sets of three. Each ARMS unit is typically separated by 2-5 meters. A GPS waypoint of the site is obtained by swimming over the site to get a point directly above the ARMS unit. The ARMS site and ARMS units are photo documented; pictures of the surrounding habitat as well as the deployed ARMS are captured. Close-up images of the dominant benthic cover around the ARMS units are captured. ARMS remain on the bottom for a set period of time during which they become colonized with marine organisms. The soak time varies by unit model. Please see the data to determine how long a particular unit was underwater. ARMS Recovery and Processing - Photo documentation occurs of the ARMS and recovery site before the ARMS units are removed off of the benthos. The ARMS unit is detached from the substrate, encapsulated, brought to the surface, and disassembled and processed onboard the research ship. Disassembled plates are photographed to document recruited sessile organisms. The plates are rinsed lightly in a container to remove sand particles thereby providing a cleaner surface for imaging the sessile organisms on the plates. Each plate is placed in a shallow tray containing seawater to be photographed. An initial photo of the plate is obtained along with a close up image of each quarter of the plate, the center, and of anything of interest. Photos are obtained of the top and bottom of each plate in the unit. Images are used for analyses of sessile recruitment and composition. When all of the plate layers in the ARMS unit have been photographed and set aside (in seawater), the seawater from the disassembly tub, photo tray, and rinse bucket is sieved through adjoining 2 mm and 500 um sieve pans and an attachable 100 um mesh hand net. Material collected in the 500 um sieve and 100 um net are bulk preserved into two separate jars. Jars are filled with EtOH and labeled accordingly. The preserved 500 and 100 um sample fractions undergo mass sequencing techniques. The > 2 mm size fraction can either be bulked preserved, like the 500 and 100 um fractions, with the understanding that they will be sorted at a later date or can be sorted at the time of processing into morphospecies. Sorting the > 2 mm size fraction is more efficient immediately after processing because the organisms are alive, intact, and colorful. Ethanol, as a preservative, fades away specimen coloration, can separate annelid segments and can detach crustacean limbs when bulk preserved. Immediate processing of the > 2 mm size fraction also provides you with the opportunity to photograph the specimens for vouchering. When photographing specimens, the first image has the unique specimen label in the image. Subsequent images may be taken without the label for finer details. When images and identifications are complete, the specimen(s) are preserved in ethanol. All plates from an individual ARMS unit are scrapped en masse. Once all plates have been scraped, all the scrapings are transferred into a blender (Brevill; BBL600XL). The scrapings are blended for 45-60 seconds on maximum power until sample is homogenized. The sample is then transferred from the blender to a 40 um net. The sample in the net is rinsed with filtered (< 40 um) seawater until all discharge from net is clear (takes ~2 gal). Four ~10 ml samples are preserved in 50 ml falcon tubes with DMSO or 95% EtOH, secure lid and shake. The remaining sample is stored in a sterile whirlpak at -20C. Between the processing of each ARMS unit the blender is rinsed in fresh water to remove any remaining homogenate. The blender is then placed in a 10% bleach solution for 15 minutes. Finally all parts thoroughly rinsed with DI water if available or fresh water. All recovered ARMS units are processed to the above step. When possible, ARMS samples are analyzed molecularly and taxonomically. Genetic analysis of ARMS samples using 454 Illumina mass sequencing techniques are currently under development through partnerships with the Smithsonian, San Diego State University, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, and the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology. annually This metadata was automatically generated from the Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata standard (version FGDC-STD-001.1-1999) using the 2016-01-11 version of the FGDC RSE to ISO 19115-2 transform. Translated from FGDC 2025-03-24T13:34:43.023Z Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 808 725-5360 808 725-5429 NOAA IRC NMFS/PIFSC/CRED 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 Honolulu HI 96818 USA nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov e-mail preferred pointOfContact