{
  "accessLevel": "public",
  "bureauCode": [
    "010:12"
  ],
  "contactPoint": {
    "@type": "vcard:Contact",
    "fn": "Karen Thorne",
    "hasEmail": "mailto:kthorne@usgs.gov"
  },
  "description": "Lidar-derived digital elevation models often contain a vertical bias due to vegetation. In areas with tidal influence the amount of bias can be ecologically significant, for example, by decreasing the expected inundation frequency. We generated a corrected digital elevation mode (DEM) for tidal marsh areas around San Francisco Bay using the Lidar Elevation Adjustment with NDVI (LEAN) technique (Buffington et al. 2016). Survey-grade GPS survey data (6614 points), NAIP-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and original 1 m lidar DEM from 2010 were used to generate a model of predicted bias across tidal marsh areas. The predicted bias was then subtracted from the original lidar DEM and merged with the NOAA Sea-Level Rise Viewer DEM to create a new seamless DEM for the San Francisco Bay. Across all GPS points, mean initial lidar error was 22.8 cm (SD=12.0) and root-mean squared error (RMSE) was 25.8 cm. After correction with LEAN, mean error was 0 (SD=0.07) and RMSE was 7.4 cm. \nReferences:\nBuffington, K.J., Dugger, B.D., Thorne, K.M. and Takekawa, J.Y., 2016. Statistical correction of lidar-derived digital elevation models with multispectral airborne imagery in tidal marshes. Remote Sensing of Environment, 186, pp.616-625.",
  "distribution": [
    {
      "@type": "dcat:Distribution",
      "accessURL": "https://doi.org/10.5066/P97J9GU8",
      "description": "Landing page for access to the data",
      "format": "XML",
      "mediaType": "application/http",
      "title": "Digital Data"
    },
    {
      "@type": "dcat:Distribution",
      "description": "The metadata original format",
      "downloadURL": "https://data.usgs.gov/datacatalog/metadata/USGS.5b89b63be4b0702d0e7cd5d2.xml",
      "format": "XML",
      "mediaType": "text/xml",
      "title": "Original Metadata"
    }
  ],
  "identifier": "http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_5b89b63be4b0702d0e7cd5d2",
  "keyword": [
    "USGS:5b89b63be4b0702d0e7cd5d2",
    "biota",
    "digital elevation models",
    "estuary",
    "lidar",
    "wetlands"
  ],
  "modified": "2022-09-06T00:00:00Z",
  "publisher": {
    "@type": "org:Organization",
    "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"
  },
  "spatial": "-122.7384, 37.3322, -121.8443, 38.3689",
  "theme": [
    "geospatial"
  ],
  "title": "LEAN-Corrected San Francisco Bay Digital Elevation Model, 2018"
}