gov.noaa.nodc:0209633 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-07-24T13:10:25Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) A combined global ocean pCO2 climatology combining open ocean and coastal areas (NCEI Accession 0209633) 2020-04-08 publication 2020-04-08 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/qb25-f418 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0209633 NCEI Archive Management System 0209633 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Peter Landschützer Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) peter.landschuetzer@mpimet.mpg.de http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Max Planck Institute for Meteorology - Hamburg (MPI) resourceProvider Peter Landschützer Max Planck Institute for Meteorology - Hamburg (MPI) peter.landschuetzer@mpimet.mpg.de principalInvestigator Goulven G. Laruelle Université Libre de Bruxelles https://www.ulb.be/en/ulb-homepage HTTPS Université Libre de Bruxelles website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Alizée Roobaert Université Libre de Bruxelles alizee.roobaert@ulb.be https://www.ulb.be/en/ulb-homepage HTTPS Université Libre de Bruxelles website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Pierre Regnier Université Libre de Bruxelles https://www.ulb.be/en/ulb-homepage HTTPS Université Libre de Bruxelles website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Landschützer, Peter Max Planck Institute for Meteorology - Hamburg author Laruelle, Goulven G. Université Libre de Bruxelles https://www.ulb.be/en/ulb-homepage HTTPS Université Libre de Bruxelles website Institution web page information author Roobaert, Alizée Université Libre de Bruxelles https://www.ulb.be/en/ulb-homepage HTTPS Université Libre de Bruxelles website Institution web page information author Regnier, Pierre Université Libre de Bruxelles https://www.ulb.be/en/ulb-homepage HTTPS Université Libre de Bruxelles website Institution web page information author Max Planck Institute for Meteorology - Hamburg (MPI) contributor tableDigital This dataset contains the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) climatology that was created by merging 2 published and publicly available pCO2 datasets covering the open ocean (Landschützer et. al 2016) and the coastal ocean (Laruelle et. al 2017). Both fields were initially created using a 2-step neural network technique. In a first step, the global ocean is divided into 16 biogeochemical provinces using a self-organizing map. In a second step, the non-linear relationship between variables known to drive the surface ocean carbon system and gridded observations from the SOCAT open and coastal ocean datasets (Bakker et. al 2016) is reconstructed using a feed-forward neural network within each province separately. The final product is then produced by projecting driving variables, e.g., surface temperature, chlorophyll, mixed layer depth, and atmospheric CO2 onto oceanic pCO2 using these non-linear relationships (see Landschützer et. al 2016 and Laruelle et. al 2017 for more detail). This results in monthly open ocean pCO2 fields at 1°x1° resolution and coastal ocean pCO2 fields at 0.25°x0.25° resolution. To merge the products, we divided each 1°x1° open ocean bin into 16 equal 0.25°x0.25° bins without any interpolation. The common overlap area of the products has been merged by scaling the respective products by their mismatch compared to observations from the SOCAT datasets (see Landschützer et. al 2020). This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0209633 Preview graphic PNG 0209633 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2020-04-01 publication Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer showerhead equilibrator instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical meteorological surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS Max Planck Institute for Meteorology - Hamburg dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Max Planck Institute for Meteorology - Hamburg dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS World-Wide Distribution place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication MPI-M > Max Planck Institute for Meteorology dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Climatology Data synthesis product Surface measurement theme OCADS Study Type Global pCO2 climatology theme Provider Keywords PCO2_WAT Fields theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS EQUILIBRATORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian GEOGRAPHIC REGION > GLOBAL OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian World Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Landschützer, Peter; Laruelle, Goulven G.; Roobaert, Alizée; Regnier, Pierre (2020). A combined global ocean pCO2 climatology combining open ocean and coastal areas (NCEI Accession 0209633). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/qb25-f418. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Landschützer, P., Gruber, N., & Bakker, D. C. E. (2016). Decadal variations and trends of the global ocean carbon sink. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 30(10), 1396–1417. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gb005359 2016-10 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gb005359 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gb005359 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gb005359 related journal article information Landschützer, Peter Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland author Gruber, Nicolas Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland author Bakker, Dorothee C. E. Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich UK author American Geophysical Union (AGU) publisher documentDigital Global Biogeochemical Cycles 30(10) ISSN 0886-6236, ISSN 1944-9224, pp. 1396-1417 crossReference project Laruelle, G. G., Landschützer, P., Gruber, N., Tison, J.-L., Delille, B., & Regnier, P. (2017). Global high-resolution monthly pCO2 climatology for the coastal ocean derived from neural network interpolation. Biogeosciences, 14(19), 4545–4561. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4545-2017 2017-10-13 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4545-2017 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4545-2017 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4545-2017 related journal article information Laruelle, Goulven G. Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) author Landschützer, Peter Flanders Marine Institute author Gruber, Nicolas ETH Zürich http://www.ethz.ch HTTP ETH Zurich website Institution web page information author Tison, Jean-Louis author Delille, Bruno Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS author Regnier, Pierre author Copernicus GmbH publisher documentDigital Biogeosciences 14(19) ISSN 1726-4189, pp. 4545-4561 crossReference project Landschützer, P., Laruelle, G. G., Roobaert, A., & Regnier, P. (2020). A uniform pCO2 climatology combining open and coastal oceans. Earth System Science Data, 12(4), 2537–2553. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2537-2020 2020-10-21 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2537-2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2537-2020 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2537-2020 related journal article information Landschützer, Peter Flanders Marine Institute author Laruelle, Goulven G. Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) author Roobaert, Alizee Université libre de Bruxelles author Regnier, Pierre author Copernicus GmbH publisher documentDigital Earth Syst. Sci. Data 12(4) ISSN 1866-3516, pp. 2537-2553 crossReference project Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Smith, K., Hankin, S., Olsen, A., Alin, S. R., Cosca, C., Harasawa, S., Kozyr, A., Nojiri, Y., O’Brien, K. M., Schuster, U., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Wada, C., Akl, J., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Boutin, J., … Watson, A. J. (2014). An update to the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT version 2). Earth System Science Data, 6(1), 69–90. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014 2014-03-07 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014 related journal article information Bakker, D. C. E. University of East Anglia author Pfeil, B. author Smith, K. author Hankin, S. author Olsen, A. University of Bergen author Alin, S. R. author Cosca, C. author Harasawa, S. author Kozyr, A. author Nojiri, Y. author O'Brien, K. M. author Schuster, U. author Telszewski, M. author Tilbrook, B. CSIRO author Wada, C. author Akl, J. author Barbero, L. University of Miami http://www.miami.edu/ HTTP University of Miami (UM) website Institution web page information author Bates, N. R. author Boutin, J. CNRS Délégation Paris B https://www.cnrs.fr/ HTTPS French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) website Institution web page information author Bozec, Y. author Cai, W.-J. author Castle, R. D. author Chavez, F. P. author Chen, L. author Chierici, M. author Currie, K. author de Baar, H. J. W. author Evans, W. author Feely, R. A. author Fransson, A. author Gao, Z. author Hales, B. author Hardman-Mountford, N. J. author Hoppema, M. Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Huang, W.-J. author Hunt, C. W. author Huss, B. author Ichikawa, T. author Johannessen, T. University of Bergen author Jones, E. M. author Jones, S. D. VLIZ author Jutterström, S. author Kitidis, V. author Körtzinger, A. author Landschützer, P. author Lauvset, S. K. author Lefèvre, N. author Manke, A. B. author Mathis, J. T. author Merlivat, L. author Metzl, N. author Murata, A. author Newberger, T. author Omar, A. M. author Ono, T. author Park, G.-H. author Paterson, K. author Pierrot, D. author Ríos, A. F. author Sabine, C. L. author Saito, S. author Salisbury, J. author Sarma, V. V. S. S. author Schlitzer, R. Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung author Sieger, R. Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar und Meeresforschung https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Skjelvan, I. author Steinhoff, T. author Sullivan, K. F. author Sun, H. author Sutton, A. J. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory author Suzuki, T. author Sweeney, C. NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) website Institution web page information author Takahashi, T. author Tjiputra, J. author Tsurushima, N. author van Heuven, S. M. A. C. Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar und Meeresforschung https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Vandemark, D. author Vlahos, P. author Wallace, D. W. R. author Wanninkhof, R. author Watson, A. J. author Copernicus GmbH publisher documentDigital Earth Syst. Sci. Data 6(1) ISSN 1866-3516, pp. 69-90 crossReference project A combined global ocean pCO2 climatology combining open ocean and coastal areas 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/MPI-ULB-SOM_FFN_clim.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/MPI-ULB-SOM_FFN_clim.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -180 180 -89.5 89.5 1988-01-01 2020-01-01 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 51.848 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0209633.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.25921/qb25-f418 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/209633 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/209633 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0153/0209633/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0209633 v1.1 was published. 2020-04-08T20:54:39Z NCEI Accession 0209633 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0209633/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0209633 v1.1 published 2020-04-08T20:54:39Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: PCO2_WAT Fields; Abbreviation: PCO2_WAT Fields; Controlled vocabulary name: partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. showerhead equilibrator showerhead equilibrator extracts dissolved CO2 from water A carbon dioxide equilibrator is usually in the shape of a vertical tube, with a showerhead on the top, some headspace, a lot of beads to increase the surface exchange area between water and air, a water seal device at the bottom to allow water to overflow, but prevents air exchange between inside and outside. Carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer (insttypes_id 183) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS