gov.noaa.nodc:0151732 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-02-18T16:08:55Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Monthly and 3-day mean Level-3 satellite Sea Surface Salinity created by National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) from the European Space Agency Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission in support of the NCEI level-2 data quality monitoring from 2010-06-01 to 2017-05-09 (NCEI Accession 0151732) 2019-11-04 publication 2020-08-04 revision 2016-05-24 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0151732 NCEI Archive Management System 0151732 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Yongsheng Zhang NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) yongsheng.zhang@noaa.gov resourceProvider NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) resourceProvider Yongsheng Zhang NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) pointOfContact Eric Bayler NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information collaborator Zhang, Yongsheng NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author Byrne, Deirdre A. NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Laboratory for Satellite Altimetry https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information author Bayler, Eric NOAA/NESDIS/STAR https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information author European Space Agency (ESA) https://www.esa.int/ HTTPS European Space Agency (ESA) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital Aiming for near-real-time data-quality monitoring of the satellite sea surface salinity (SSS) Level-2 products, the satellite oceanography team of NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) has generated 1.0-degree Level-3 gridded experimental products from the European Space Agency (ESA) Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. The datasets are comprised of monthly and 3-day mean and generated directly from SMOS V6.22 Level-2 products. The Level-2 swath data is interpolated onto a 1.0-degree grid using equal-weighted box (“bin”) averaging. This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded NCEI Accession 0151732 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0151732 Preview graphic PNG 0151732 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2017-07-10 publication SALINITY - SURFACE WATER theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS MIRAS satellite sensor - active microwave instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS derived products satellite data surface measurements theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS European Space Agency dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS World-Wide Distribution place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > SURFACE SALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Sea Surface Salinity Sea Surface Salinity Number of Observations latitude longitude time theme Provider Keywords MIRAS > 2-D Passive L-Band Microwave Interferometer instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian SMOS > Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (Earth Explorer Opportunity Mission) platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian GEOGRAPHIC REGION > GLOBAL OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Zhang, Yongsheng; Byrne, Deirdre A.; Bayler, Eric (2019). Monthly and 3-day mean Level-3 satellite Sea Surface Salinity created by National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) from the European Space Agency Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission in support of the NCEI level-2 data quality monitoring from 2010-06-01 to 2017-05-09 (NCEI Accession 0151732). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0151732. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. SMOS - ESA Earth Observation Missions - Earth Online 2009-06-24 publication https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-operational-eo-missions/smos HTTPS https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-operational-eo-missions/smos Mission web page information European Space Agency (ESA) https://www.esa.int/ HTTPS European Space Agency (ESA) website Institution web page information publisher [accessed 2020-07-30] crossReference mission eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -180 180 -90 90 2010-06-01 2017-05-09 In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. netCDF netCDF-4 NODC_NetCDF_Grid_Template_v1.0, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3 27120.448 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0151732 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/archive/data/0151732/ HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data.nodc/ncei/archive/data/0151732/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/thredds-ocean/catalog/ncei/archive/data/0151732/catalog.html THREDDS Web browsers can browse THREDDS Data Servers and specialized THREDDS software can enable more sophisticated data access and visualizations. THREDDS These data are available through a variety of services via a THREDDS (Thematic Real-time Environmental Distributed Data Services) Data Server (TDS). Depending on the dataset, the TDS can provide WMS, WCS, DAP, HTTP, and other data access and metadata services as well. For more information on the TDS, see http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/thredds/current/tds/. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/151732 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/151732 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0148/0151732/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0151732 v1.1 was published. 2019-11-04T22:35:54Z NCEI Accession 0151732 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0151732/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0151732 v1.1 published 2019-11-04T22:35:54Z download NCEI Accession 0151732 was revised and v2.2 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2020-08-04T05:38:41Z NCEI Accession 0151732 v2.2 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0151732/2.2 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0151732 v2.2 published 2020-08-04T05:38:41Z download asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian MIRAS MIRAS Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis General Notes: Previous Name : n/a Country: France Commissioned Date: 2009-11-02 Decommissioned Date: Mission duration 4 years as of October 2013. Current Length (m) : 8 Built Date (YYYY-MM-DD): Unknown, part of a series of generic satellite platforms (The SMOS spacecraft consists of a platform, based on the CNES / ALCATEL PROTEUS generic platform adapted to the mission specificities and a payload, procured by ESA. The payload is an EADS / CASA L-Band (1.4 GHz) 2D passive interferometric radiometer with a Y-shaped 3 arms synthetic aperture antenna.) Notes +: The SMOS satellite carries the Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS). Some eight metres across, the instrument creates images of radiation emitted in the microwave L-band (1.4 GHz). MIRAS will measure changes in the wetness of the land and in the salinity of seawater by observing variations in the natural microwave emission coming up off the surface of the planet. The SMOS mission is to gain a better understanding of the water cycle. Its objectives are : (1) To provide global volumetric soil moisture estimates with an accuracy of 0.04 m3m-3 at a spatial resolution of 35-50 km and a temporal sampling of 1-3 days and (2) To provide global ocean salinity estimates with an accuracy of 0.1 practical salinity scale units for a 10-30 day average for an open ocean area of 200 x 200 km2 2. The SMOS mission is based on a sun-synchronous orbit(dusk-dawn 6 am/6 pm) with a mean altitude of 758 km and an inclination of 98.44 degrees. SMOS has a 149-day repeat cycle with a 3-day sub-cycle. One of the biggest challenges in developing the SMOS mission was to fly and demonstrate an instrument that would measure microwave radiation emitted from Earth’s surface within the ‘L-band’, around a frequency of 1.4 GHz. This frequency provides the best sensitivity to variations of moisture in the soil and changes in the salinity of the ocean, coupled with minimal disturbance from weather, atmosphere and vegetation cover. In order to achieve the spatial resolution required for observing soil moisture and ocean salinity, the laws of physics mean that to take measurements in L-band, a huge antenna would have been required – too big for a satellite to carry. To overcome this challenge, the Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) instrument was developed. Here the size of the antenna needed has been simulated through 69 small antennas, distributed over the three arms and central hub of the instrument. The three deployable arms are folded up for launch, but once SMOS is in orbit each of the arms fold out into an unusual three-pointed star shape. Hence, with a diameter of eight metres, MIRAS is often dubbed a ‘star in the sky’. The 69 antenna elements, called LICEFs, are antenna-receiver integrated units, each measure radiation emitted from Earth’s surface at L-band. One LICEF antenna weighs 190 g, is 165 mm in diameter and 19 mm high. MIRAS was built by a consortium of over 20 European companies led by EADS-CASA Espacio in Spain. Info Source: http://smsc.cnes.fr/SMOS/ http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/SMOS/Instrument http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/2004ESASP.571E...1L/0000001.001.html http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/SMOS http://www.spaceops2012.org/proceedings/documents/id1265363-Paper-001.pdf http://www.spaceops2012.org/proceedings/documents/id1265363-Paper-001.pdf satellite sensor - active microwave satellite sensor - active microwave A space-borne sensor actively observing in the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum