gov.noaa.nodc:0142201 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-04-21T19:35:03Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Delta Oxygen-18 and SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE collected from KNORR in Equatorial Pacific Ocean from 0862-01-01 to 2009-01-01 (NCEI Accession 0142201) 2016-02-16 publication 2016-02-11 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0142201 NCEI Archive Management System 0142201 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Gerald Rustic Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) grustic@ldeo.columbia.edu http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Athanasios Koutavas City University of New York (CUNY) athanasios.koutavas@csi.cuny.edu principalInvestigator Thomas Marchitto University of Colorado Boulder tom.marchitto@colorado.edu https://www.colorado.edu/ HTTPS University of Colorado Boulder website Institution web page information collaborator Braddock Linsley Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) blinsley@ldeo.columbia.edu http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information collaborator Rustic, Gerald T. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information author Koutavas, Athanasios City University of New York author Marchitto, Thomas M. University of Colorado - Boulder https://www.colorado.edu/ HTTPS University of Colorado Boulder website Institution web page information author Linsley, Braddock K. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information author Gerald Rustic Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) grustic@ldeo.columbia.edu http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information pointOfContact tableDigital Tropical Pacific Ocean dynamics during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and Little Ice Age (LIA) are poorly characterized due to lack of evidence from the eastern equatorial Pacific. We reconstructed sea surface temperature, El Niño– Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity, and the tropical Pacific zonal gradient for the past millennium from Galápagos ocean sediments. We document a “Mid - Millennium Shift” (MMS) in ocean - atmosphere circulation ~1500 -1650 CE, from a state with strong zonal gradient and dampened ENSO to one with weak gradient and amplified ENSO. The MMS coincided with deepest LIA cooling and was likely caused by southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Peak MCA (900 - 1150 CE) was a warm period in the eastern Pacific, contradicting the paradigm of a persistent La Niña pattern. These data include oxygen isotope values from individual foraminifera from multi-core KNR195-5 MC42C, collected on 4/4/2009 from 615m depth by the R/V Knorr. Also included are Mg/Ca ratios for aggregate foraminifera from the same samples. Mg/Ca ratios were used to reconstruct mean SST. Oxygen isotope values were used to reconstruct SST variability. pending NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0142201 Graphic not available. PNG 0142201 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2016-02-02 publication CORE AGE DELTA CARBON-13 Delta Oxygen-18 SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE SEDIMENTS theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS mass spectrometer instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS laboratory analyses sediment analysis theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS R/V Knorr platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Equatorial Pacific Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication COLUMBIA/LDEO > Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian MASS SPECTROMETERS > MASS SPECTROMETERS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian KNORR (call sign: KCEJ, ICES code: 316N, 1970-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian KJY7N8 Send2NCEI Submission Package ID Data in this archival information package are not currently available for public download from NCEI. Please contact NCEI directly for access to these data. accessLevel: restricted public otherRestrictions Cite as: Rustic, Gerald T.; Koutavas, Athanasios; Marchitto, Thomas M.; Linsley, Braddock K. (2016). Delta Oxygen-18 and SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE collected from KNORR in Equatorial Pacific Ocean from 0862-01-01 to 2009-01-01 (NCEI Accession 0142201). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0142201. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Rustic, G. T., Koutavas, A., Marchitto, T. M., & Linsley, B. K. (2015). Dynamical excitation of the tropical Pacific Ocean and ENSO variability by Little Ice Age cooling. Science, 350(6267), 1537–1541. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac9937 2015-12-18 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac9937 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac9937 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac9937 related journal article information Rustic, Gerald T. Department of Engineering Science and Physics, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA. author Koutavas, Athanasios Department of Engineering Science and Physics, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA. author Marchitto, Thomas M. Department of Geological Sciences and Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. author Linsley, Braddock K. Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA. author American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) publisher documentDigital Science 350(6267) ISSN 0036-8075, ISSN 1095-9203, pp. 1537-1541 crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -90 -89 -1.5 0 0862-01-01 2009-01-01 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Data in this archival information package are not currently available for public download from NCEI. Please contact NCEI directly for access to these data. Originator data format https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19874 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0142201 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/142201 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page. offlineAccess https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/142201 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page. offlineAccess https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information Users may contact NCEI for more information and to request access to the archived data. User requests must be approved by NCEI and are subject to order fulfillment constraints. offlineAccess dataset NCEI Accession 0142201 v1.1 was published. Access to this revision of this accession has been limited, and full and open access is not available at this time. As acknowledged in NOAA Administrative Order 212-15, some data archived at NCEI may have specific access constraints that are mutually agreed upon and documented by the Data Producer / Data Provider and NCEI. 2016-02-16T15:48:40Z asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian mass spectrometer mass spectrometer Instrument that measure the massess and relative concentrations of atoms and molecules R/V Knorr Title: R/V Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Oceanographic) DOB: 1970 IMO: 7738618 MMSI: 367246000