gov.noaa.nodc:0225432 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-05-16T15:50:33Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved inorganic carbon, and others taken by CTD and Niskin bottles from the research vessel Western Flyer in the North Pacific from 2019-07-23 to 2019-07-29 (NCEI Accession 0225432) 2021-02-03 publication 2021-02-01 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0225432 NCEI Archive Management System 0225432 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Yuichiro Takeshita Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) yui@mbari.org http://www.mbari.org HTTP Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) http://www.mbari.org HTTP Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Yuichiro Takeshita Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) yui@mbari.org http://www.mbari.org HTTP Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Takeshita, Yuichiro Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute http://www.mbari.org HTTP Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) website Institution web page information author Blum, Marguerite author Long, Jacqueline author Warren, Joseph author Bockmon, Emily author Conner, Kyle author Gray, Sara author Norgaard, Addie author Verburg, Maddie author Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) http://www.mbari.org HTTP Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset contains data taken by CTD and Niskin bottles in the Central California Current system between Point Conception and Point Arena from the research vessel Western Flyer during the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, MBARI, Central California Carbon Ph and Oxygen (C3PO) cruise (leg 2) (EXPOCODE 31WF20190723) from 2019-07-23 to 2019-07-29. Twenty stations were occupied along three across shore transects, extending to ~250 km offshore. Thirty-three casts were conducted to 2000 m or water column depth, whichever was shallower. At all sampling stations, CTD casts were conducted to measure temperature, conductivity, pressure, and oxygen concentrations using CTD and oxygen sensors. Discrete water samples were collected throughout the water column at all stations in Niskin bottles. Laboratory analyses were run to measure dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), pH on the total scale, oxygen, nutrient concentrations, total alkalinity (TA), and chlorophyll a concentrations on a handful of stations. This effort was conducted in support of biogeochemical glider missions conducted in the California Current System, specifically, to answer how far offshore and deep do gliders need to dive in order to obtain stable, reliable reference measurements for in-situ validation of BGC measurements. Data are in CSV format. This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. Funding Agency: David and Lucile Packard Foundation completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0225432 Preview graphic PNG 0225432 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2021-01-27 publication CHLOROPHYLL A DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) DISSOLVED OXYGEN NITRATE NITRITE pH PHAEOPIGMENTS phosphate SALINITY silicate total alkalinity WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CTD laboratory analysis Niskin bottle instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS biological chemical derived products in situ laboratory analyses physical profile theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS WESTERN FLYER platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Coastal Waters of California Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary North Pacific Ocean West Coast - US/Canada place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication MBARI > Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ALKALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CHLOROPHYLL EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRITE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PH EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PIGMENTS > CHLOROPHYLL EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth NISKIN BOTTLES instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Sea-Bird Scientific SBE-911plus CTD Sea-Bird Scientific SBE4 CTD Sea-Bird Scientific SBE43 CTD instrument Provider Instruments WESTERN FLYER (ICES code: 31WF, 1962-1963) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian PAUWPJ Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Takeshita, Yuichiro; Blum, Marguerite; Long, Jacqueline; Warren, Joseph; Bockmon, Emily; Conner, Kyle; Gray, Sara; Norgaard, Addie; Verburg, Maddie (2021). Water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved inorganic carbon, and others taken by CTD and Niskin bottles from the research vessel Western Flyer in the North Pacific from 2019-07-23 to 2019-07-29 (NCEI Accession 0225432). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0225432. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Takeshita, Y., Jones, B. D., Johnson, K. S., Chavez, F. P., Rudnick, D. L., Blum, M., Conner, K., Jensen, S., Long, J. S., Maughan, T., Mertz, K. L., Sherman, J. T., & Warren, J. K. (2021). Accurate pH and O2 Measurements from Spray Underwater Gliders. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 38(2), 181–195. https://doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-20-0095.1 2021-02 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-20-0095.1 https://doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-20-0095.1 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-20-0095.1 journal article information Takeshita, Yuichiro a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California author Jones, Brent D. a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California author Johnson, Kenneth S. a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California author Chavez, Francisco P. b Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California author Rudnick, Daniel L. b Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California author Blum, Marguerite a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California author Conner, Kyle c Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii author Jensen, Scott a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California author Long, Jacqueline S. a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California author Maughan, Thom a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California author Mertz, Keaton L. a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California author Sherman, Jeffrey T. b Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California author Warren, Joseph K. a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California author American Meteorological Society publisher documentDigital Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 38(2) ISSN 0739-0572, ISSN 1520-0426, pp. 181-195 crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -124.902 -120.662 32.817 36.7982 2019-07-23 2019-07-29 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 0.328 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0225432 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/225432 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/225432 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0168/0225432/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0225432 v1.1 was published. 2021-02-03T23:48:48Z NCEI Accession 0225432 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0225432/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0225432 v1.1 published 2021-02-03T23:48:48Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: pH (measured); Units: total; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as PH_TOT. Seawater was drawn from the Niskin bottles into 250ml borosilicate bottles, following best practices. Bottles were rinsed 3 times, filled from the bottom over 10-15 seconds, and overflowed for approximately another 10-15 seconds. No headspace was left, and the bottle stopper was gently placed in to minimize gas exchange. All samples were run within 2 hours of collection while preferentially measuring near surface waters first, thus, samples were not poisoned. At least one duplicate sample was drawn every cast to assess precision. pH was measured spectrophotometrically (Clayton and Byrne, 1993) using purified m-cresol purple dye (Liu et al. 2011), and reported on the total scale. Dye solution of 2mM was prepared in 0.7M NaCl background, and pH was adjusted to ~7.8 and dye addition correction was characterized prior to the cruise; at sample pH of 7.4, perturbation was on the magnitude of 0.001-0.002 pH. A semi-automated system was utilized based on the design from Carter et al. 2013. Briefly, a Kloehn syringe pump is used to transfer sample into a 10-cm jacketed cell, controlled to 20°C using a recirculating water bath. Water temperature of the outflow of the jacketed component was measured. Absorbance spectra was measured using an Agilent 8453 spectrophotometer, and three spectra each were measured for the ‘blank’ and ‘sample’, and averaged. Samples were kept in a water bath that was temperature controlled to ~20°C for at least 30 minutes prior to analysis.; Data Quality Method: Precision of the pH measurement is estimated to be ± 0.002 (1 σ), based on the differences between duplicate samples (mean difference was -0.0001 ± 0.002, n = 44). The reproducibility of the measurements were assessed through routine measurements of Certified Reference Material (CRMs) for DIC and TA (Batch 183). The mean difference between measured and calculated pH (measured minus calculated; using constants from Leuker et al. 2000) was -0.0076 ± 0.001 (1 σ, n = 20). From this, we conclude that pH measurements were stable to better than 0.002 throughout the cruise. WOCE water sample quality codes are used for PH_TOT_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Quality flags were assigned using several criteria. Measurements were flagged 3 (questionable) if the baseline absorbance changed by more than 0.004 between blank and sample, or if there was indication that a bubble was in the optical path. Furthermore, the data were flagged 4 (bad) if the sample clearly did not fit the shape of the expected profile, and no coincident changes in O2 or DIC were observed, or flagged 3 (questionable) if the shape of the profile deviated slightly from expectation. Parameter or Variable: DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) (measured); Units: micromole/kilogram; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: PLEASE NOTE: DIC may be referred to as TCO2, TCARBN, or C(sub)T in other data sets. We report DIC measurements as TCARBN. All of these abbreviations refer to the total dissolved inorganic carbon concentration (i.e., the combined concentration of dissolved CO2, bicarbonate ion, and carbonate ion). Seawater was drawn from the Niskin bottles into 250ml borosilicate bottles, following best practices. Bottles were rinsed 3 times, filled from the bottom over 10-15 seconds, and overflowed for approximately another 10-15 seconds. No headspace was left, and the bottle stopper was gently placed in to minimize gas exchange. All samples were run within 3 hours of collection while preferentially measuring near surface waters first, thus, samples were not poisoned. At least one duplicate sample was drawn every cast to assess precision. DIC measurements were made using a custom system based on O’Sullivan et al. 1998, using an Infrared detector (LiCOR7000). Briefly, 1.5 ml of sample is injected and acidified in a stripping chamber. N2 was used as the carrier gas, and dried using Nafion tubing prior to reaching the analyzer. All samples were measured in triplicate. Samples were kept in a temperature controlled bath (~20°C) for at least 30 minutes prior to, and during analysis. Certified Reference Materials (CRM batch 183) were measured every ~hour to calibrate the system. A new bottle was opened for a new station or every 6 hours, whichever was shorter, and recapped in between. Laboratory tests demonstrated negligible drift in CRM DIC over this time period, so long as the solution was undisturbed.; Data Quality Method: Precision of the DIC measurement is estimated to be ± 1.8 μmol kg-1 (1 σ), based on the differences between duplicate samples (mean difference was -0.4 ± 1.8 μmol kg-1, n = 62). Accuracy is estimated to be ± 2 μmol kg-1. WOCE water sample quality codes are used for TCARBN_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Data were flagged 4 (bad) if the sample clearly did not fit the shape of the expected profile, and no coincident changes in O2 or pH were observed, or flagged 3 (questionable) if the shape of the profile deviated slightly from expectation. TA Parameter or Variable: total alkalinity (measured); Units: micromole/kilogram; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as ALKALI. Seawater was drawn from the Niskin bottles into 250ml borosilicate bottles, following best practices. Bottles were rinsed 3 times, filled from the bottom over 10-15 seconds, and overflowed for approximately another 10-15 seconds. Approximately 1% headspace was left by pinching the sampling tube before slowly removing. Samples were preserved using 0.1 ml of saturated mercuric chloride solution and sealed following best practices. Samples were analyzed back in the laboratory within 2 months of collection. Due to bottle shortages, duplicate samples were not taken. TA was measured using an open cell titration with a modified gran approach to calculate the endpoint, following best practices. A modified Metrohm 855 autotitrator was used. All samples were run in triplicate, and the average value is reported. 35 ml of sample was delivered to a temperature controlled beaker using a 50 ml Dosino syringe pump, calibrated gravimetrically. Titrant was 0.1 M HCl in 0.6M NaCl background, and was calibrated using frequent measurements of Certified Reference Materials (CRMs; batch 185).; Data Quality Method: Precision of the TA measurement was estimated from the average precision from the triplicate measurements made on each sample (defined as 1 σ), and is estimated to be ± 1.08 μmol kg-1. This is likely a slight underestimate of the true precision of the measurement, as it only accounts for instrumental precision and not the sampling process. Thus, we estimate the accuracy as double this number, and to be ± 2.16 μmol kg-1. WOCE water sample quality codes are used for ALKALI_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Data from the first 4 stations are flagged as 3 (questionable), due to the larger than expected precision and reproducibility. Additionally, data were flagged 4 (bad) if the sample clearly did not fit the shape of the expected profile, and no coincident changes in O2 or salinity were observed, or flagged 3 (questionable) if the shape of the profile deviated slightly from expectation. Parameter or Variable: DISSOLVED OXYGEN (measured); Units: micromole/kilogram; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as OXYGEN. Seawater was drawn from the Niskin bottles into 125 ml borosilicate Iodine flasks, following best practices, and analyzed via Winkler Titration. Bottles were rinsed 3 times, filled from the bottom slowly while removing any visible bubbles. Water was allowed to overflow 3 times its volume to ensure the flask was at thermal equilibrium. The tube was withdrawn without turbulence to maintain an overfull bottle. A bottletop pump dispenser was used to add 1 ml of MgCl2 and 1 ml of NaOH-NaI mixture to precipitate out O2. The flask was capped gently without introducing any bubbles, and mixed thoroughly to homogenize the solution. DI water was added to the lid to minimize gas exchange. Solution was remixed approximately 30 minutes later, and samples were analyzed approximately 6 hours after collection. The titration followed best practices (Dickson, 2003), using a custom built instrument with a photometric endpoint detection. Titrant concentration was determined directly before and after the cruise through gravimetric addition of KIO3 standard, which was recrystallized 4 times and dried in the oven for > 24 hours for improved accuracy. No drift in titrant concentration was observed. Titrant was added using an automated Dosino burette, and the endpoint was detected automatically. Each Iodine flask volume was calibrated gravimetrically, and temperature and salinity from the CTD was used to convert concentration to micromole-per-kilogram.; Data Quality Method: Precision of the O2 measurement is estimated to be ± 0.6 μmol kg-1 (1 σ), based on the differences between duplicate samples (mean difference was -0.04 ± 0.64 μmol kg-1, n = 27). Accuracy is estimated to be ± 1 μmol kg-1, because KIO3 standards were recrystallized (Emerson 1990). WOCE water sample quality codes are used for OXYGEN_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Data were flagged 3 (questionable) if any bubbles existed in the pickled sample prior to analysis. Additionally, data were flagged 4 (bad) if the sample clearly did not fit the shape of the expected profile, and no coincident changes in pH or DIC were observed, or flagged 3 (questionable) if the shape of the profile deviated slightly from expectation. Parameter or Variable: NITRATE (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as NITRAT. Samples were collected in 20 ml PTFE bottles with PTFE conical caps, and immediately frozen in a -80°C freezer. Samples were analyzed within 1 year of collection in the laboratory at MBARI using an Alpkem Astoria-Pacific Rapid Flow Analysis (RFA) system.; Data Quality Method: WOCE water sample quality codes are used for NITRAT_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Data were flagged 4 (bad) if the sample clearly did not fit the shape of the expected profile, and no coincident changes in pH or O2 were observed, or flagged 3 (questionable) if the shape of the profile deviated slightly from expectation. Parameter or Variable: phosphate (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as PHSPHT. Samples were collected in 20 ml PTFE bottles with PTFE conical caps, and immediately frozen in a -80°C freezer. Samples were analyzed within 1 year of collection in the laboratory at MBARI using an Alpkem Astoria-Pacific Rapid Flow Analysis (RFA) system.; Data Quality Method: WOCE water sample quality codes are used for PHSPT_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Data were flagged 4 (bad) if the sample clearly did not fit the shape of the expected profile, and no coincident changes in pH or O2 were observed, or flagged 3 (questionable) if the shape of the profile deviated slightly from expectation. Parameter or Variable: silicate (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as SILCAT. Samples were collected in 20 ml PTFE bottles with PTFE conical caps, and immediately frozen in a -80°C freezer. Samples were analyzed within 1 year of collection in the laboratory at MBARI using an Alpkem Astoria-Pacific Rapid Flow Analysis (RFA) system.; Data Quality Method: WOCE water sample quality codes are used for SILCAT_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Data were flagged 4 (bad) if the sample clearly did not fit the shape of the expected profile, and no coincident changes in pH or O2 were observed, or flagged 3 (questionable) if the shape of the profile deviated slightly from expectation. Parameter or Variable: NITRITE (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as NITRIT. Samples were collected in 20 ml PTFE bottles with PTFE conical caps, and immediately frozen in a -80°C freezer. Samples were analyzed within 1 year of collection in the laboratory at MBARI using an Alpkem Astoria-Pacific Rapid Flow Analysis (RFA) system.; Data Quality Method: WOCE water sample quality codes are used for NITRIT_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Data were flagged 4 (bad) if the sample clearly did not fit the shape of the expected profile, and no coincident changes in pH or O2 were observed, or flagged 3 (questionable) if the shape of the profile deviated slightly from expectation. Parameter or Variable: HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE recorded from CTD at depth where the sample is taken (measured); Units: dbars; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Sea-Bird Scientific SBE 9plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Pressure was measured using the pressure sensor on the CTD. Data were processed using SBE proprietary software, and values from the .btl file were used.; Data Quality Method: No data flags were applied to CTD pressure data Parameter or Variable: WATER TEMPERATURE recorded from CTD at depth where the sample is taken (measured); Units: Celsius ITS-90 Scale; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Sea-Bird Scientific SBE 9plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Temperature was measured using the thermometer on the CTD. Data were processed using SBE proprietary software, and values from the .btl file were used.; Data Quality Method: No data flags were applied to CTD pressure data Parameter or Variable: SALINITY from the CTD (calculated); Units: 1978 practical salinity scale; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Sea-Bird Scientific SBE4 CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as CTDSAL. Salinity was calculated from conductivity measurements using factory calibration coefficients on the CTD, with SBE software. Outputs from the .btl file were used.; Data Quality Method: WOCE water sample quality codes are used for CTDSAL_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Data were visually inspected, salinity values were compared between the two CTDs. CTDSAL was compared to discrete salinity, and the median difference was -0.0045 ± 0.0073 with a near constant offset trend. Therefore a constant offset of +0.0045 was applied to CTDSAL. Parameter or Variable: DISSOLVED OXYGEN from the CTD (measured); Units: micromole/kilogram; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Sea-Bird Scientific SBE43; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as CTDOXY. Oxygen was measured using a profiling Clark electrode O2 sensor (SBE43), and processed using factory calibrations with SBE software. Outputs from the .btl file were used.; Data Quality Method: WOCE water sample quality codes are used for CTDOXY_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. The CTDOXY was calibrated based on comparisons to bottle oxygen measured with Winkler titrations, and the following linear correction was applied: CTDOXY_corrected = CTDOXY * 1.0648 + 0.995 Parameter or Variable: CHLOROPHYLL A CONCENTRATION from fluorometery (measured); Units: microgram/liter; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as CHL_GFF. Chlorophyll-a and phaeopigments were collected in 280-ml polyethylene bottles and filtered onto 25-mm Whatmann GF/F filters. Chlorophyll-a was assayed with the standard fluorometric procedure of Holm-Hansen et al. (1965), modified such that phaeopigments are extracted in acetone in a freezer over at least 24 hours (Venrick and Hayward, 1984; Chavez et al., 1991). Analysis was performed as possible during the cruise or at MBARI immediately following the cruise on a Turner 10AU fluorometer.; Data Quality Method: WOCE water sample quality codes are used for CHLPHAEO_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Quality flags were applied based on visual inspection of the profile Parameter or Variable: PHAEOPIGMENTS from fluorometery (measured); Units: microgram/liter; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as CHLPHAEO_GFF. Chlorophyll-a and phaeopigments were collected in 280-ml polyethylene bottles and filtered onto 25-mm Whatmann GF/F filters. Chlorophyll-a was assayed with the standard fluorometric procedure of Holm-Hansen et al. (1965), modified such that phaeopigments are extracted in acetone in a freezer over at least 24 hours (Venrick and Hayward, 1984; Chavez et al., 1991). Analysis was performed as possible during the cruise or at MBARI immediately following the cruise on a Turner 10AU fluorometer.; Data Quality Method: WOCE water sample quality codes are used for CHLPHAEO _FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. Quality flags were applied based on visual inspection of the profile. Parameter or Variable: SALINITY from a salinometer (measured); Units: 1978 practical salinity scale; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Measurements are reported as SALNTY. Samples were collected into 200 ml borosilicate bottles; typically 2 samples were collected per station. Samples were analyzed within 3 months of the cruise on a Guildline 8400B Autosal salinometer in the laboratory at MBARI.; Data Quality Method: WOCE water sample quality codes are used for SALNTY_FLAG_W: 2 = acceptable measurement, 3 = questionable measurement, 4 = bad measurement, 5 = not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn for measurement from this Niskin bottle. asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian CTD CTD Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe laboratory analysis laboratory analysis use as an observation type Niskin bottle Niskin bottle Device for obtaining samples of seawater at a specific depth Why special entry for Niskin bottle but no entry for Nansen bottle? WESTERN FLYER WESTERN FLYER