noaa-forcing-5789 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2024-05-04 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Robertson et al 2001 Hypothesized Climate Forcing, Last 500 Years 2001-07-01 publication doi:10.25921/ktn3-h894 noaa-forcing-5789 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Robertson, A. originator Robertson, A. author Overpeck, J.T. originator Overpeck, J.T. author Rind, D. originator Rind, D. author Mosley-Thompson, E. originator Mosley-Thompson, E. author Zielinski, G.A. originator Zielinski, G.A. author Lean, J. originator Lean, J. author Koch, D. originator Koch, D. author Penner, J. originator Penner, J. author Tegen, I. originator Tegen, I. author Healy, R. originator Healy, R. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Forcing. The data include parameters of climate forcing with a geographic location of Global. The time period coverage is from 450 to -47 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of changes in solar irradiance, volcanic aerosols, atmospheric trace gases, and other properties thought to influence climate in the past. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-forcing.png Paleoclimatology - Climate Forcing PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Forcing theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: latitude; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: age; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: carbon dioxide; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: nitrous oxide; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: age; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: longitude; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: aerosol optical depth; Material: null What: methane; Material: null theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Geographic Region > Global > Global > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Robertson, A.; Overpeck, J.T.; Rind, D.; Mosley-Thompson, E.; Zielinski, G.A.; Lean, J.; Koch, D.; Penner, J.; Tegen, I.; Healy, R. (2001-07-01): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Robertson et al 2001 Hypothesized Climate Forcing, Last 500 Years. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/ktn3-h894. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Hypothesized climate forcing time series for the last 500 years 2001 publication Robertson, A., Overpeck, J., Rind, D., Mosley-Thompson, E., Zielinski, G., Lean, J., Koch, D., Penner, J., Tegen, I., and Healy, R. author Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres publisher https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900469 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2001 Robertson, A., Overpeck, J., Rind, D., Mosley-Thompson, E., Zielinski, G., Lean, J., Koch, D., Penner, J., Tegen, I., and Healy, R., 2001: Hypothesized climate forcing time series for the last 500 years. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 106, 14783-14803, 10.1029/2000JD900469 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 1500 CE to 1997 CE; Date Range: 450 cal yr BP to -47 cal yr BP; -180 180 -90 90 1500 1997 ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: A new compilation of annually resolved time series of atmospheric trace gas concentrations, solar irradiance, tropospheric aerosol optical depth, and stratospheric (volcanic) aerosol optical depth is presented for use in climate modeling studies of the period 1500 to 1999 A.D. Atmospheric CO2, CH4, and N2O concentrations over this period are well established on the basis of fossil air trapped in ice cores and instrumental measurements over the last few decades. Estimates of solar irradiance, ranging between 1364.2 and 1368.2 W/m2, are presented using calibrated historical observations of the Sun back to 1610, along with cosmogenic isotope variations extending back to 1500. Tropospheric aerosol distributions are calculated by scaling the modern distribution of sulfate and carbonaceous aerosol optical depths back to 1860 using reconstructed regional CO2 emissions; prior to 1860 the anthropogenic tropospheric aerosol optical depths are assumed to be zero. Finally, the first continuous, annually dated record of zonally averaged stratospheric (volcanic) optical depths back to 1500 is constructed using sulfate flux data from multiple ice cores from both Greenland and Antarctica, in conjunction with historical and instrumental (satellite and pyrheliometric) observations. The climate forcings generated here are currently being used as input to a suite of transient (time dependent) paleoclimate model simulations of the past 500 years. These forcings are also available for comparison with instrumental and proxy paleoclimate data of the same period. 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Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/ktn3-h894 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/5789 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/climate-forcing HTTPS Information NCEI Forcing Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/robertson2001/vai.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/robertson2001/trace_gas.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/robertson2001/regional_emissions.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/robertson2001/regional_definitions.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/robertson2001/readme_robertson2001.txt HTTPS Download /climate_forcing/robertson2001/readme_robertson2001.txt Readme download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/robertson2001/1990_total_dust.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/robertson2001/1990_total_carbon.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/robertson2001/1990_natural_sulfate.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/robertson2001/1990_anthro_sulfate.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21