gov.noaa.nodc:0307788 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-03-26T08:50:22Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) An improved long-term high-resolution surface pCO2 data product for the Indian Ocean using machine learning from 1980-01-01 to 2020-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0307788) 2025-09-09 publication 2025-09-08 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/r2q9-d197 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0307788 NCEI Archive Management System 0307788 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Kunal Chakraborty Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) kunal.c@incois.gov.in http://www.incois.gov.in/Incois/incois1024/index/index.jsp HTTP Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) http://www.incois.gov.in/Incois/incois1024/index/index.jsp HTTP Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Prasanna Kanti Ghoshal MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) principalInvestigator Apurva P. Joshi MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) principalInvestigator Kunal Chakraborty MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) kunal.c@incois.gov.in principalInvestigator Ghoshal, Prasanna Kanti MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Joshi, Apurva P. MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Chakraborty, Kunal MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) http://www.incois.gov.in/Incois/incois1024/index/index.jsp HTTP Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset contains two improved surface pCO2 products, along with surface pCO2 from the INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model (pCO2_model) and other input variables. It is a long-term, high-resolution dataset developed for the Indian Ocean region (30°E - 120°E, 30°S - 30°N), covering the period from 1980 to 2019. The dataset features a monthly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of 1/12°. The file includes INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model outputs (sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), mixed layer depth (MLD), nitrate (NO3), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and chlorophyll-a (CHL)). These variables are used as inputs for machine learning models to improve the pCO2_model. The machine learning model predicts the surface pCO2 deviants (pCO2_obs - pCO2_model). The file also provides spatiotemporally varying uncertainties associated with the predicted pCO2 deviants. This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. Funding Information: MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0307788 Preview graphic PNG 0307788 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2025-09-04 publication CHLOROPHYLL DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) MIXED LAYER DEPTH NITRATE partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer nitrate sensor salinometer temperature sensor instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical model output physical theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Indian Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CHLOROPHYLL EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CIRCULATION > OCEAN MIXED LAYER EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Model output theme OCADS Study Type CHL DIC Deviant_uncertainty MLD NO3 SSS SST pCO2_Clim pCO2_Int pCO2_Original theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS SALINOMETERS TEMPERATURE SENSORS > TEMPERATURE SENSORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Tropical Indian Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Ghoshal, Prasanna Kanti; Joshi, Apurva P.; Chakraborty, Kunal (2025). An improved long-term high-resolution surface pCO2 data product for the Indian Ocean using machine learning from 1980-01-01 to 2020-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0307788). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/r2q9-d197. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. license This dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. SPDX License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program Joshi, Apurva P.; Ghoshal, Prasanna Kanti; Chakraborty, Kunal; Sarma, Vedula V. S. S. (2025). Sea-surface pCO2 maps for the Bay of Bengal based on advanced machine learning algorithms from 2015-01-01 to 2015-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0307627). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/2sjr-pg16. 2025-09-08 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.25921/2sjr-pg16 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0307627 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307627.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307627.html Related dataset information Joshi, Apurva P. MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Ghoshal, Prasanna Kanti MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Chakraborty, Kunal MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Sarma, Vedula V. S. S. CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher tableDigital crossReference project Chakraborty, Kunal; Joshi, Apurva P.; Ghoshal, Prasanna Kanti; Baduru, Balaji; Valsala, Vinu; Sarma, Vedula V. S. S.; Metzl, Nicolas; Gehlen, Marion; Chevallier, Frédéric; Lo Monaco, Claire (2025). Indian ocean acidification and its driving mechanisms over the last four decades from 1980-01-01 to 2019-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0307663). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/z2x4-vt48. 2025-09-08 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.25921/z2x4-vt48 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0307663 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307663.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307663.html Related dataset information Chakraborty, Kunal MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Joshi, Apurva P. MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Ghoshal, Prasanna Kanti MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Baduru, Balaji Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS); Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences author Valsala, Vinu Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences author Sarma, Vedula V. S. S. CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography author Metzl, Nicolas Laboratoire LOCEAN/IPSL, Sorbonne Université author Gehlen, Marion Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE‐IPSL, CEA‐CNRS‐UVSQ, Université Paris‐Saclay author Chevallier, Frédéric Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE‐IPSL, CEA‐CNRS‐UVSQ, Université Paris‐Saclay author Lo Monaco, Claire Laboratoire LOCEAN/IPSL, Sorbonne Université author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher tableDigital crossReference project Joshi, Apurva P.; Ghoshal, Prasanna Kanti; Chakraborty, Kunal; Roy, Rajdeep; Jayaram, Chiranjivi; Sridevi, Bobbili; Sarma, Vedula V. S. S. (2025). Long-term changes of surface total alkalinity and its driving mechanisms in the Northern Indian Ocean from 1993-01-01 to 2020-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0307789). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/7as7-et15. 2025-09-09 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.25921/7as7-et15 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0307789 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307789.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307789.html Related dataset information Joshi, Apurva P. MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Ghoshal, Prasanna Kanti MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Chakraborty, Kunal MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Roy, Rajdeep Regional Remote Sensing Centre‐East, National Remote Sensing Centre author Jayaram, Chiranjivi Regional Remote Sensing Centre‐East, National Remote Sensing Centre author Sridevi, Bobbili MoES-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) author Sarma, Vedula V. S. S. CSIR‐National Institute of Oceanography author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher tableDigital crossReference project Global Ocean Carbon Data 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans 30 120 -30 30 1980-01-01 2020-12-31 This data package (Submission ID: BJGDV95VT) was acquired by NCEI from the Scientific Data Integration System (SDIS) at the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) in accordance with the archival submission agreement between NCEI and PMEL. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 9039.464 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0307788.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.25921/r2q9-d197 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/307788 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/307788 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0239/0307788/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0307788 v1.1 was published. 2025-09-09T21:07:23Z NCEI Accession 0307788 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0307788/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0307788 v1.1 published 2025-09-09T21:07:23Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: sea surface temperature; Abbreviation: SST; Unit: deg C; Observation type: Model output Parameter or Variable: sea surface salinity; Abbreviation: SSS; Unit: PSU; Observation type: Model output Parameter or Variable: mixed layer depth; Abbreviation: MLD; Unit: m; Observation type: Model output Parameter or Variable: dissolved inorganic carbon; Abbreviation: DIC; Unit: milimole/m3; Observation type: Model output Parameter or Variable: sea-surface nitrate; Abbreviation: NO3; Unit: milimole/m3; Observation type: Model output Parameter or Variable: sea-surface chlorophyll; Abbreviation: CHL; Unit: kg/m3; Observation type: Model output Parameter or Variable: partial-pressure of CO2 from IBR model; Abbreviation: pCO2_Original; Unit: μatm; Observation type: Model output Parameter or Variable: Surface partial pressure of CO2 using interannual deviants; Abbreviation: pCO2_Int; Unit: μatm; Observation type: Model output Parameter or Variable: Surface partial pressure of CO2 using climatological deviants; Abbreviation: pCO2_Clim; Unit: μatm; Observation type: Model output Parameter or Variable: Uncertainties (1-sigma) of deviants; Abbreviation: Deviant_uncertainty; Unit: μatm; Observation type: Model output asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. nitrate sensor nitrate sensor in situ nitrate sensor There are currently two types of in situ nitrate sensors: a miniaturised wet chemical analyser capable of in situ nitrate plus nitrite measurements, and an optical UV nitrate sensor based on ISUS (In Situ Ultraviolet Spectroscopy) UV nitrate measurement technology. salinometer salinometer generic salinometer use salinometer when the instrument type used is unclear but the data include salinity measurements temperature sensor temperature sensor A sensor used to measure temperature.