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        <gco:CharacterString>In response to declines in reef fishes, the Hawaii state legislature created the West Hawaii Regional Fishery Management Area in 1998 to improve fishery resources (Act 306). The West Hawaii Aquarium Project (WHAP) was funded by the Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative to monitor to fish populations and quantify the habitats in this region. This dataset consists of an MS Access relational database of all monitoring data from 1999-2003. The relational database of this dataset includes some of the data held in NODC Accession 0000938, however, it would be best to examine each accession carefully. The relational database of this accession has fewer tables and less parameters. During initial funding under CRAMP in 1998-99, 23 permanent study sites were established positioned in all of the proposed Fish Replenishment Areas (FRAs) as well as eight sites where fish collecting is know to occur ("impact"), and six managed areas where aquarium fish collection is prohibited (three Marine Life Conservation Districts (MLCDs) and three FMAs or "control"). Initial surveys confirm that aquarium fish collecting impacts are significant but vary along the coastline.</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>I. Fish Monitoring See ../meta/misc/fish_monitor_design.htm or .txt A. Sampling Design objective: to accurately and efficiently monitor spatial and temporal variation in fish abundance. The sampling design is focused primarily on detecting change in abundant to moderately abundant reef fish across all 24 study sites sampled on a bimonthly basis. The simple, low-replicate design minimizes site survey time while maximizing repeated surveying of sites to obtain estimates of temporal variation in adult and juvenile abundance. Design of transect layout used at permanent transects. Two 60 m neutral gray transect lines are positioned along six permanent stainless-steel eyebolts. Divers survey four 25 m transects separated by 10 m buffer areas between replicates. B. Survey Protocol Transects are located by differential GPS. Fish densities of all observed species are estimated by visual strip transect search along each permanent transect line. Two pairs of divers survey the lines, each pair searching two of the 25 m lines. The search of each line consists of two divers, swimming side-by-side on each side of the line, surveying a column 2 m wide. On the outward-bound leg, larger planktivores and wide-ranging fishes within 4 m of the bottom are recorded. On the return leg, fishes closely associated with the bottom, juveniles, and fishes hiding in cracks and crevices are recorded. Each site is scheduled to be surveyed bi-monthly, weather permitting, for a total of six surveys per year. II. Substrate Monitoring In addition to the fishes, our program is monitoring the coral reef and associated algae and invertebrates to assess coupled changes between the fishes and their habitat. We use video transecting methods to obtain estimates of abundance of these parameters. Using a digital Sony DCR-TRV900 we swim the length of the transect at a constant distance from the bottom. In the laboratory, individuals frames are captured using a Canopus DVRex-M1 and archived for future use. We use Dr. Phil Dustan's program PointCount to analyzed the images and derive abundance estimates of coral, algae, macro-invertebrates and additional habitat parameters. Data are entered and maintained in a state-wide, common-format, relational database system.</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:source xlink:href="#Tissot_B._N._and_D._M._Brosnan._2002._Long_Term_Coral_Reef_Monitoring_Programs:_Working_Towards_a_Synthesis_of_Science_Management_and_Policy._In:_Best_B._and_R._Pomeroy_Relevant_Findings_from_the_9th_International_Coral_Reef_Symposium:" />
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