noaa-cave-5420 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2025-03-10 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lee-Thorp et al. 2001, Holmgren et al. 1999 South African Speleothem Stable Isotope Data 2001-03-01 publication doi:10.25921/bwqk-ks96 noaa-cave-5420 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Holmgren, K. originator Holmgren, K. author Lee-Thorp, J.A. originator Lee-Thorp, J.A. author Karlén, W. originator Karlén, W. author Lauritzen, S.-E. originator Lauritzen, S.-E. author Partridge, T.C. originator Partridge, T.C. author Piketh, S. originator Piketh, S. author Repinski, P. originator Repinski, P. author Stevenson, C. originator Stevenson, C. author Svanered, O. originator Svanered, O. author Tyson, P.D. originator Tyson, P.D. author Linge, H. originator Linge, H. author Moberg, A. originator Moberg, A. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Cave. The data include parameters of speleothems with a geographic location of South Africa, Southern Africa. The time period coverage is from 6406 to -46 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past temperature, precipitation, and other aspects of climate derived from mineral deposits found in caves. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-cave.png Paleoclimatology - Speleothem PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Land Records > Cave Deposits Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Speleothems Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Land Records > Cave Deposits theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems > carbon isotopes earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems > oxygen isotopes theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian PAGES 2k Network PAGES Africa 2k theme What: depth; Material: null What: grayscale; Material: null What: age; Material: null What: depth; Material: null What: delta 18O; Material: calcium carbonate What: age; Material: null What: delta 13C; Material: calcium carbonate What: delta 13C; Material: calcium carbonate What: delta 18O; Material: calcium carbonate theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Continent > Africa > Southern Africa > South Africa > Cold Air Cave > LATITUDE -24.02 > LONGITUDE 29.11 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Holmgren, K.; Lee-Thorp, J.A.; Karlén, W.; Lauritzen, S.-E.; Partridge, T.C.; Piketh, S.; Repinski, P.; Stevenson, C.; Svanered, O.; Tyson, P.D.; Linge, H.; Moberg, A. (2001-03-01): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lee-Thorp et al. 2001, Holmgren et al. 1999 South African Speleothem Stable Isotope Data. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/bwqk-ks96. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Rapid climate shifts in the southern African interior throughout the mid to late Holocene 2001 publication Lee-Thorp, J.A., K. Holmgren, S.E. Lauritzen, H. Linge, A. Moberg, T.C. Partridge, Stevenson, C. and P.D. Tyson author Geophysical Research Letters publisher https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012728 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2001 Lee-Thorp, J.A., K. Holmgren, S.E. Lauritzen, H. Linge, A. Moberg, T.C. Partridge, Stevenson, C. and P.D. Tyson, 2001: Rapid climate shifts in the southern African interior throughout the mid to late Holocene. Geophysical Research Letters, 28, 4507-4510, 10.1029/2000GL012728 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: -4456 CE to 1996 CE; Date Range: 6406 cal yr BP to -46 cal yr BP; 29.11 29.11 -24.02 -24.02 Study Coordinates -24.02 29.11 -4456 1996 STUDY NOTES: Stable isotope and grey colour intensity data from an aragonite stalagmite from Cold Air Cave in the Makapansgat Valley in northeastern South Africa. The record indicates wetter conditions in the summer rainfall areas of southern Africa during the mid Holocene warm phase, in phase with previously identified reduction in Antarctic circumpolar circulation. The record also captures a marked climate shift 3200 years ago. The trend thereafter towards the most pronounced cool, dry episode in the past 6500 years, culminating at AD 1750, reflects a cooling trend observed also in Antarctic and Greenland ice cores. ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: A detailed climate proxy record based on d18O, d13C, and grey index of a well-dated stalagmite from Cold Air Cave in the Makapansgat Valley in north-eastern South Africa suggests that regional precipitation, temperatures, and vegetation oscillated markedly and rapidly over the last ~6500 years on centennial and multi-decadal scales. The mid-Holocene prior to 5200 years ago was humid and warm. A fundamental transition occurred 3200 years ago, leading to drier and cooler conditions that culminated at 1750 AD. Comparisons with ice core records suggest synchronous changes implicating rapid global teleconnections. 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Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/bwqk-ks96 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/5420 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/speleothem HTTPS Information NCEI Cave Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/africa/cold_air_cave-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /speleothem/africa/cold_air_cave-noaa.txt Speleothem download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/africa/cold_air_cave-interp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /speleothem/africa/cold_air_cave-interp-noaa.txt Speleothem download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21