noaa-ocean-14193 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2024-12-18 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - 1000 Year Composite Sea Surface Temperature Record from the North Atlantic Ocean 2013-04-10 publication doi:10.25921/p44h-7t71 noaa-ocean-14193 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Cunningham, L.K. originator Cunningham, L.K. author Austin, W.E.N. originator Austin, W.E.N. author Knudsen, K.L. originator Knudsen, K.L. author Eiríksson, J. originator Eiríksson, J. author Scourse, J.D. originator Scourse, J.D. author Wanamaker, A.D. originator Wanamaker, A.D. author Butler, P.G. originator Butler, P.G. author Cage, A.G. originator Cage, A.G. author Richter, T.O. originator Richter, T.O. author Husum, K. originator Husum, K. author Hald, M. originator Hald, M. author Andersson, C. originator Andersson, C. author Zorita, E. originator Zorita, E. author Linderholm, H.W. originator Linderholm, H.W. author Gunnarson, B.E. originator Gunnarson, B.E. author Sicre, M.-A. originator Sicre, M.-A. author Sejrup, H.P. originator Sejrup, H.P. author Jiang, H. originator Jiang, H. author Wilson, R.J.S. originator Wilson, R.J.S. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Paleoceanography. The data include parameters of climate reconstructions|paleoceanography with a geographic location of North Atlantic Ocean. The time period coverage is from 950 to -46 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past climate and ocean circulation derived from marine sediments. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-ocean.png Paleoclimatology - Paleoceanography PNG Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Ocean/Lake Records Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Ocean/Lake Records theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|paleoceanography earth science > paleoclimate > paleoceanography earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|paleoceanography earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|paleoceanography earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|paleoceanography earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|paleoceanography earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|paleoceanography earth science > paleoclimate > paleocean > reconstruction theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian What: sea surface temperature; Material: growth rate What: age; Material: null What: sea surface temperature; Material: foraminifer assemblage What: sea surface temperature; Material: null What: sea surface temperature; Material: alkenone unsaturation index What: sea surface temperature; Material: diatom assemblage What: sea surface temperature; Material: delta 18O theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > MD99-2275 > LATITUDE 66.551 > LONGITUDE -17.699 Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Norwegian Sea > Norwegian Margin > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > HM115-16GC > LATITUDE 60.8667 > LONGITUDE 3.7333 Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Loch Sunart > LATITUDE 56.66667 > LONGITUDE -5.86667 Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Norwegian Sea > Ranafjord > LATITUDE 66.15333 > LONGITUDE 12.65667 Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > North Iceland Shelf > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Norwegian Sea > P1-003SC > LATITUDE 63.7622 > LONGITUDE 5.2553 Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Norwegian Sea > Vøring Plateau > LATITUDE 66.97 > LONGITUDE 7.64 Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Norwegian Sea > Malangen Fjord > LATITUDE 69.29 > LONGITUDE 18.22 Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Northeast North Atlantic > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE Ocean > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Trawl B05AD03 > LATITUDE 66.5265 > LONGITUDE -18.1957 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Cunningham, L.K.; Austin, W.E.N.; Knudsen, K.L.; Eiríksson, J.; Scourse, J.D.; Wanamaker, A.D.; Butler, P.G.; Cage, A.G.; Richter, T.O.; Husum, K.; Hald, M.; Andersson, C.; Zorita, E.; Linderholm, H.W.; Gunnarson, B.E.; Sicre, M.-A.; Sejrup, H.P.; Jiang, H.; Wilson, R.J.S. (2013-04-10): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - 1000 Year Composite Sea Surface Temperature Record from the North Atlantic Ocean. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/p44h-7t71. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Reconstructions of surface ocean conditions from the northeast Atlantic and Nordic seas during the last millennium 2013 publication Cunningham, L.K., Austin, W.E.N., Knudsen, K.L., Eiríksson, J., Scourse, J.D, Wanamaker Jr., A.D., Butler, P.G., Cage, A., Richter, T., Husum, K., Hald, M., Andersson, C., Zorita, E., Linderholm, H.W., Gunnarson, B.E., Sicre, M.A., Sejrup, H.P., Jiang, H. and Wilson, R.J.S. author The Holocene publisher https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683613479677 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2013 Cunningham, L.K., Austin, W.E.N., Knudsen, K.L., Eiríksson, J., Scourse, J.D, Wanamaker Jr., A.D., Butler, P.G., Cage, A., Richter, T., Husum, K., Hald, M., Andersson, C., Zorita, E., Linderholm, H.W., Gunnarson, B.E., Sicre, M.A., Sejrup, H.P., Jiang, H. and Wilson, R.J.S., 2013: Reconstructions of surface ocean conditions from the northeast Atlantic and Nordic seas during the last millennium. The Holocene, 23, 921-935, 10.1177/0959683613479677 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 1000 CE to 1996 CE; Date Range: 950 cal yr BP to -46 cal yr BP; -18.1957 18.36667 56.66667 69.48333 1000 1996 STUDY NOTES: A set of reconstructions of sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic from a collection of ocean core data. Malangen Fjord δ18O of benthic foraminifera data from Hald et al., 2011; Vøring Plateau planktonic foram data from Anderson et al., 2003; Ranafjord δ18O of benthic foraminifera data from Klitgaard Kristensen et al., 2003; Norwegian Margin(P1-003MC) δ18O of planktonic foraminifera data from Sejrup et al., 2010; Norwegian Channel δ18O of benthic foraminifera data from Eiríksson et al., 2006; North Iceland Shelf Arctica islandica shell growth increments data from Wanamaker et al., 2008, 2012; Butler et al., 2013; MD99-2275 diatom data from Ran et al., 2011; MD99-2276 Alkenone data from Sicre et al.,2008,2011; Loch Sunart δ18O of benthic foraminifera data from Cage and Austin, 2010. ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: We undertake the first comprehensive effort to integrate North Atlantic marine climate records for the last millennium, highlighting some key components common within this system at a range of temporal and spatial scales. In such an approach, careful consideration needs to be given to the complexities inherent to the marine system. Composites therefore need to be hydrographically constrained and sensitive to both surface water mass variability and three-dimensional ocean dynamics. This study focuses on the northeast (NE) Atlantic, particularly sites influenced by the North Atlantic Current. A composite plus regression approach is used to create an inter-regional NE Atlantic reconstruction of sea surface temperature (SST) for the last 1000 years. We highlight the loss of spatial information associated with large-scale composite reconstructions of the marine environment. Regional reconstructions of SSTs off the Norwegian and Icelandic margins are presented, along with a larger-scale reconstruction spanning the NE North Atlantic. The latter indicates that the ‘Medieval Climate Anomaly’ warming was most pronounced before ad 1200, with a long-term cooling trend apparent after ad 1250. This trend persisted until the early 20th century, while in recent decades temperatures have been similar to those inferred for the ‘Medieval Climate Anomaly’. The reconstructions are consistent with other independent records of sea-surface and surface air temperatures from the region, indicating that they are adequately capturing the climate dynamics of the last millennium. Consequently, this method could potentially be used to develop large-scale reconstructions of SSTs for other hydrographically constrained regions. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/p44h-7t71 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/14193 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoceanography HTTPS Information NCEI Paleoceanography Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/readme-cunningham2013.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/readme-cunningham2013.txt Readme download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-voring.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-voring.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-uk37.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-uk37.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-sunart.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-sunart.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-ranafjord.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-ranafjord.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-nor-margin.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-nor-margin.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-nor-channel.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-nor-channel.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-nena-comp.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-nena-comp.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-n-comp.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-n-comp.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-malangen.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-malangen.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-iceland-shelf.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-iceland-shelf.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-i-comp.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-i-comp.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-diatom.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-diatom.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-data-series.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-data-series.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-data-overview.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/cunningham2013/cunningham2013-data-overview.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21