gov.noaa.nodc:0298217 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-12-14T19:44:42Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Coral demographic data (adult and juvenile corals, species, colony length, condition, etc.) collected during Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) across the US Pacific since 2013 derived from in-situ diver surveys and structure-from-motion imagery (NCEI Accession 0298217) 2024-10-31 publication 2024-10-22 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/5qsa-z057 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0298217 NCEI Archive Management System 0298217 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Lori Luers NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/PIFSC) resourceProvider Jonathan Charendoff NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division jonathan.charendoff@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information pointOfContact Thomas Oliver NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division thomas.oliver@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Lori Luers NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information pointOfContact Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information author NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital The data described here result from benthic coral demographic surveys within belt transects of specified length and width for two life stages (juveniles and adults) across the US Pacific since 2013. This data is collected as part of the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) and Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD; formerly the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division) led National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) missions around the Mariana Archipelago, American Samoa, Pacific Remote Island Areas, and the Hawaiian Archipelago since 2013. Originally coral demographic data was derived by in-situ diver surveys, and starting in 2023 the data collection transitioned to derivation from models generated with structure-from-motion imagery. The in-situ diver coral demographic surveys are part of the Rapid Ecological Assessment (REA) surveys for corals and fish conducted during ESD-led NCRMP missions. From 2013 to 2017, a two-stage stratified random sampling (StRS) design was used to survey the coral reef ecosystems across sub-island sectors and three depth strata (shallow: 0-6m, mid: 6-18m and deep: >18m). Starting in 2018 a one-stage StRS design was employed. These sites represent a broad range of depths (1-25 m), habitat types (aggregate reef, patch reef, pavement, rock and boulder and rubble), coral cover, and diving conditions. Allocation of sampling effort was proportional to strata area and variance in coral density. The StRS design effectively reduces estimate variance through stratification using environmental covariates and by sampling more sites rather than sampling more transects at a site. Therefore, site-level estimates and site to site comparisons should be used with caution. Starting in 2023 coral demographic data was also derived by the GIS analysis of benthic Structure from Motion (SfM) imagery. The source imagery was collected during in-water surveys conducted by divers, and is documented separately here: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/63095. During each SfM survey, an 18m transect line was deployed along the isobath and photographed using underwater cameras while swimming in a back and forth swim pattern for later processing. At depths of 0-18m, SfM surveys were conducted over a 3 x 20m area and at depths >18m, a 3 x 13m area was surveyed, both with the transect running down the middle of the survey area. The photographs were processed using Agisoft Metashape software to generate orthomosaic images that were analyzed in ArcGIS for juvenile and adult coral colony demographic metrics. SfM imagery was not submitted as part of this archive package. The data provide information on adult coral colony counts, morphology, size, partial mortality (old and recent dead), presence and causation of disease and other compromised health conditions, including bleaching. Juvenile colony surveys include morphology and size. Taxonomic identification of adult colonies is to the lowest taxonomic level possible and genus level for juveniles. Some segment observations were repeated for internal quality control starting in 2019, and indicated with a repeat segment flag and transectnum = -999; use column OG_OR_RPT_SEG to filter for only original segments. Refer to data dictionaries for details on column conditions. The raw data also include individual observations of crustose coralline algae diseases and Alcyonarian disease type and lesion size as well as the presence of other Anthozoans, such as other cnidarians including Alcyonareans, Zoantharians, Corallimorpharians, and Antipatharians (does not apply to PMNM surveys conducted in 2014 and 2015 or surveys conducted after 2017). The NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) details a long term approach to provide an ecosystem perspective via monitoring climate, fish, benthic, and socioeconomic variables in a consistent and integrated manner. The NCRMP coordinates various NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) biological, physical, and human dimensions activities into a cohesive NOAA-wide effort. Through the implementation of the NCRMP, NOAA is able to clearly and concisely communicate results of national-scale monitoring to national, state, and territorial policy makers, resource managers, and the public on a periodic basis. NCRMP is a framework for conducting sustained observations of biological, climate, and socioeconomic indicators at 10 priority coral reefs across the U.S. and its territories. This integrated approach consolidates monitoring of coral reefs under a uniform method in the Pacific, Atlantic, Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico for the first time. NCRMP is funded by the CRCP and supported by NOAA Fisheries, NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), and many other partners. The PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) at NOAA Fisheries is leading biological monitoring in the U.S. Pacific Islands Region. The biological component of NCRMP in the Pacific provides a triennial ecological characterization at a broad spatial scale of general reef condition for reef fishes, corals and benthic habitat (i.e., fish species composition/density/size, benthic cover, and coral density/size/condition). Innovative analysis techniques are then used to develop products that give fellow scientists, managers, decision makers and the public a better understanding of a region’s resources and how they are changing over time. Funding Agency: NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0298217 Preview graphic PNG 0298217 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2024-06-21 publication BENTHIC COMMUNITIES BENTHIC SPECIES biological data CORAL CORAL - BLEACHING CORAL - CENSUS CORAL - COLONY SIZE CORAL - SPECIES IDENTIFICATION DEPTH - BOTTOM HABITAT - BENTHIC theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS photo-identification techniques photograph swimmer/diver visual observation instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS derived products GIS product in situ laboratory analyses survey survey - biological survey - coral reef survey - swimmer/diver visual observation theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai NOAA Ship Oscar Elton Sette NOAA Ship Rainier platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) CORAL REEF STUDIES National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) Pacific Reef and Assessment Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary Kaneohe Bay National Marine Sanctuary of American Samoa North Pacific Ocean Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument Philippine Sea Rose Atoll Marine National Monument South Pacific Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication CRED CREP Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Coral Reef Ecosystem Program ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division PIFSC Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center RAMP Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program dataCentre Contributing Data Centers DOC/NOAA/NMFS > National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC/ESD > Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian 743 National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) project CRCP Project Numeric Data Sets > Benthic theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics > Species Richness EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Condition EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Mortality EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Coral Colony Size and Condition EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Photographic Analysis EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Rapid Assessment Studies EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Scleractinia (stony corals) EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > BioDiversity EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral Communities theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > REEF > CORAL REEF EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > WATER DEPTH EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > CORAL REEFS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > CORAL REEFS > CORAL BLEACHING EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES > COASTAL LANDFORMS > CORAL REEFS theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Coral Belt Survey Coral Demography Coral Disease SfM Structure from Motion belt transect theme Provider Keywords Photo-Identification Techniques VISUAL OBSERVATIONS > VISUAL OBSERVATIONS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Hi'ialakai (call sign: WTEY, ICES code: 33HL, 2004-) OSCAR ELTON SETTE (call sign: WTEE, ICES code: 33OC, 2003-) RAINIER (call sign: WTEF, ICES code: 315R, 1968-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes small boat platform Provider Platforms COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Agrihan Island > Agrihan Island (18N145E0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Aguihan > Aguihan Island (Aguijan) (14N145E0006) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Alamagan Island > Alamagan Island (17N145E0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Asuncion Island > Asuncion Island (19N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Farallon de Pajaros > Farallon de Pajaros (20N144E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Guguan > Guguan Island (17N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Maug > Maug Island (20N145E0001) 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(20N156W0004) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Baker Island (00N176W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Howland Island (00S176W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Rose Atoll (14S168W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Swains Atoll (11S171W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Baker Island > Baker Island (00N176W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kahoolawe Island > Kahoolawe Island (20N156W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kauai Island > Kauai Island (22N159W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Lanai Island > Lanai Island (20N156W0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004) OCEAN BASIN > 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> French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Laysan Island (25N171W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Maro Reef (25N170W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Midway Atoll (28N177W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Wake Atoll > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ofu Island (14S169W0013) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Olosega Island (14S169W0014) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ta'u Island (14S169W0012) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Agrihan Island > Agrihan Island (18N145E0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Aguihan Island Reefs > Aguihan Island (Aguijan) (14N145E0006) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Alamagan Island > Alamagan Island (17N145E0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Asuncion Island > Asuncion Island (19N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Farallon de Pajaros > Farallon de Pajaros (20N144E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guguan Island > Guguan Island (17N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Mariana Archipelago > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Maug Island > Maug Island (20N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Pagan Island > Pagan Island (18N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Rota Island > Rota Island ( Luta ) (14N145E0007) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Saipan Island > Saipan Island (15N145E0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Sarigan Island > Sarigan Island (16N145E0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Tinian Island Reefs > Tinian Island (14N145E0005) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > AMERICAN SAMOA OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Triennial temporal Provider Temporal Keywords 32CH52 Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2024). National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Coral demographic data (adult and juvenile corals, species, colony length, condition, etc.) collected during Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) across the US Pacific since 2013 derived from in-situ diver surveys and structure-from-motion imagery (NCEI Accession 0298217). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/5qsa-z057. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Coral demographic data (adult and juvenile corals, species, colony length, condition, etc.) collected during Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) across the US Pacific since 2013 derived from in-situ surveys and structure-from-motion imagery 2023 publication https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/71550 HTTPS https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/71550 InPort Metadata Record information crossReference Winston, M., Couch, C. S., Ferguson, M., Huntington, B., Swanson, D. W., & Vargas-Ángel Bernardo. (2019). Ecosystem Sciences Division Standard Operating Procedures: Data Collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment Benthic Surveys, 2018 Update. United States. National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.), Coral Reef Conservation Program (U.S.). https://doi.org/10.25923/w1k2-0y84 2019 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.25923/w1k2-0y84 https://doi.org/10.25923/w1k2-0y84 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.25923/w1k2-0y84 2018 update to NCRMP rapid ecological assessment surveys SOP information Winston, Morgan author Couch, Courtney S. author Ferguson, Marie author Huntington, Brittany author Swanson, Dione W. author Vargas-Ángel, Bernardo author United States. National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.), Coral Reef Conservation Program (U.S.) publisher documentDigital United States. National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.), Coral Reef Conservation Program (U.S.) crossReference sciencePaper Suka, R., Asbury, M., Gray, A. E., Winston, M., Oliver, T. (T. A., & Couch, C. S. (2019). Processing Photomosaic Imagery of Coral Reefs Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.). https://doi.org/10.25923/h2q8-jv47 2019 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.25923/h2q8-jv47 https://doi.org/10.25923/h2q8-jv47 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.25923/h2q8-jv47 NOAA Technical Memorandum containing the standard operating procedures for processing Structure-from-Motion photomosaic imagery information Suka, Rhonda author Asbury, Mollie author Gray, Andrew Elisha author Winston, Morgan author Oliver, Thomas (Thomas Andrew) author Couch, Courtney S. author Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.) publisher documentDigital Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.) crossReference userGuide Couch, C. S., Oliver, T. A., Suka, R., Lamirand, M., Asbury, M., Amir, C., Vargas-Ángel, B., Winston, M., Huntington, B., Lichowski, F., Halperin, A., Gray, A., Garriques, J., & Samson, J. (2021). Comparing Coral Colony Surveys From In-Water Observations and Structure-From-Motion Imagery Shows Low Methodological Bias. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.647943 2021-05-28 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.647943 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.647943 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.647943 Journal Article information Couch, Courtney S. author Oliver, Thomas A. author Suka, Rhonda author Lamirand, Mia author Asbury, Mollie author Amir, Corinne author Vargas-Ángel, Bernardo author Winston, Morgan author Huntington, Brittany author Lichowski, Frances author Halperin, Ariel author Gray, Andrew author Garriques, Joao author Samson, Jennifer author Frontiers Media SA publisher documentDigital Front. Mar. Sci. 8 ISSN 2296-7745 crossReference sciencePaper Charendoff, J. A., Couch, C., Oliver, T., Lamirand, M., Amir, C., Basden, I., Torres-Pulliza, D., Asbury, M., Winston, M., Huntington, B., Lichowski, F., Osborn, N., Ehrenberg, J., Garriques, J., & Samson, J. (2023). Comparing Coral Demographic Surveys From In Situ Observations and Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry on High Diversity Reefs Shows Low Methodological Bias but Highlights Persistent Areas of Concern. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.). https://doi.org/10.25923/8r7f-t404 2023 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.25923/8r7f-t404 https://doi.org/10.25923/8r7f-t404 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.25923/8r7f-t404 NOAA Technical Memorandum information Charendoff, Jonathan A. author Couch, Courtney author Oliver, Thomas author Lamirand, Mia author Amir, Corinne author Basden, Isabelle author Torres-Pulliza, Damaris author Asbury, Mollie author Winston, Morgan author Huntington, Brittany author Lichowski, Frances author Osborn, Nicolas author Ehrenberg, Jon author Garriques, Joao author Samson, Jennifer author Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.) publisher documentDigital Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.) crossReference sciencePaper Torres-Pulliza, D., Charendoff, J., Couch, C., Suka, R., Gray, A., Lichowski, F., Amir, C., Lamirand, M., Asbury, M., Winston, M., Basden, I., & Oliver, T. (2024). Processing Coral Reef Imagery Using Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry: Standard Operating Procedures (2023 Update). NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center. https://doi.org/10.25923/cydj-z260 2024 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.25923/cydj-z260 https://doi.org/10.25923/cydj-z260 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.25923/cydj-z260 NOAA Technical Memorandum information Torres-Pulliza, Damaris author Charendoff, Jonathan author Couch, Courtney author Suka, Rhonda author Gray, Andrew author Lichowski, Frances author Amir, Corinne author Lamirand, Mia author Asbury, Mollie author Winston, Morgan author Basden, Isabelle author Oliver, Thomas author NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center publisher documentDigital NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center crossReference userGuide eng; USA utf8 environment oceans imageryBaseMapsEarthCover biota 144.634585 -154.804172 -14.55975 28.457971 2013-08-02 2023-08-08 The Structure from Motion (SfM) imagery used to derive coral demographic data was not submitted as part of this archive package. 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Please use and refer to this accession instead of NCEI collection NCRMP-Coral-Demo-PRIA. 2025-05-05T12:00:00Z NCEI Collection NCRMP-Coral-Demo-PRIA publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/NCRMP-Coral-Demo-PRIA HTTPS NCEI Collection NCRMP-Coral-Demo-PRIA published 2025-05-05T12:00:00Z information dataset Parameter or Variable: CORAL - COLONY SIZE (measured); Units: cm; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: At each site, benthic Rapid Ecological Assessment (REA) surveys were conducted within one 10 sq. meter belt transect, 18 meters in length. Adult coral colonies (>=5 cm) were surveyed within four (1.0 x 2.5 m) segments at 5 meter increments along the 18 meter transect in the following manner: 0-2.5 m (segment 0); 5.0-7.5 m (segment 5); 10-12.5 m (segment 10); and 15-17.5 m (segment 15). All colonies whose center fell within 0.5 m on either side of each transect line were measured for size (maximum diameter to nearest cm). In addition, partial mortality and condition of each colony was assessed. Partial mortality was estimated as percent of the colony in terms of old dead and recent dead. The cause of recent mortality was identified if possible. The condition of each colony including disease (not attributed to recent tissue loss) and bleaching was noted along with the extent (percent of colony affected) and level of severity (range from moderate to acute). Juvenile coral colonies (1 - 5 cm) were surveyed within the same segments of the transect. Juvenile colonies were distinguished in the field by a distinct tissue and skeletal boundary (not a fragment of larger colony). Each juvenile colony was measured for size by recording the maximum diameter to the nearest 5 mm.; Data Quality Method: Observations were made by experienced benthic survey personnel who have been trained, undergone a series of calibration surveys and coral taxon identification testing, and have met a set of minimum standards for colony assessment and taxon identification in each region. Parameter or Variable: CORAL - SPECIES IDENTIFICATION (measured); Units: unitless; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: At each site, benthic Rapid Ecological Assessment (REA) surveys were conducted within one 10 sq. meter belt transect, 18 meters in length. Adult coral colonies (>=5 cm) were surveyed within four (1.0 x 2.5 m) segments at 5 meter increments along the 18 meter transect in the following manner: 0-2.5 m (segment 0); 5.0-7.5 m (segment 5); 10-12.5 m (segment 10); and 15-17.5 m (segment 15). All colonies whose center fell within 0.5 m on either side of each transect line were identified to lowest taxonomic level possible (species or genus), and morphology was noted. The lowest taxonomic level of coral identification was genus except for a select number of species consistently identified to species by all divers conducting the surveys. The number of species may change for each survey year depending on the experience and training of the benthic divers conducting the surveys. The list of coral species is included for each survey year. Juvenile coral colonies (<5 cm) were surveyed segments along the same transect. Juvenile colonies were distinguished in the field by a distinct tissue and skeletal boundary (not a fragment of larger colony). Each juvenile colony was identified to genus level.; Data Quality Method: Observations were made by experienced benthic survey personnel who have been trained, undergone a series of calibration surveys and coral taxon identification testing, and have met a set of minimum standards for colony assessment and taxon identification in each region. The accuracy of species and genus level identification was high. The lowest taxonomic level of coral identification was genus except for a select number of species that were consistently identified to species by all divers conducting the surveys. The number of species may change for each survey year depending on the experience and training of the benthic divers. The list of coral species is included for each region and survey year. The total number of species was 54 coral species and 48 coral genera in 2022 in Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands. In other words, the individual records within each year may include many more species than encompassed by the region lists, however, these were not consistently identified across all surveys so these records should be assessed at the genus level. Parameter or Variable: CORAL - CENSUS (measured); Units: unitless; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Number of coral colonies of a specific taxon per survey area. Morphology, colony size, colony count, and species were identified for adult and juvenile corals along a given transect at a stratified-random site.; Data Quality Method: Internal review was performed by repeating observations, and preliminary data was analyzed to determine diver bias. Regular meetings were conducted during the field season to address and alleviate diver bias. Parameter or Variable: CORAL - COLONY SIZE (calculated); Units: cm; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: photo-identification techniques; Sampling and Analyzing Method: In ArcGIS, each site was set up for annotation by manually digitizing the transect and segments as a shapefile using the same sampling design as the PIFSC ESD-led in situ coral demography surveys, and setting up the attribute table in a geodatabase to mirror the in situ visual survey database (Swanson et al. 2018; Winston et al. 2019). To record and extract data from the orthomosaic, each coral colony was annotated following the in situ visual survey methods. Each colony was measured by digitizing a line across the maximum diameter of the colony. During annotation, the original JPEG imagery was viewed alongside the orthomosaic with the Viscore Image View feature to see fine scale colony details, observe colonies from multiple angles and locate colonies not visible in the orthomosaic (e.g. under ledges).; Data Quality Method: Prior to generating the 3D dense point clouds and 2D orthomosaics , the JPEG imagery was evaluated for image quality and images deemed unsatisfactory (e.g. overexposed, images of blue water or images of divers, or images not taken perpendicular to the reef) were removed from the image set. During annotation in ArcGIS, the original JPEG imagery was viewed alongside the orthomosaic using the Viscore Image View feature to see fine scale colony details, observe colonies from multiple angles and locate colonies not visible in the orthomosaic. Annotations created in ArcGIS were quality controlled using a multi-stage process. Data were first quality controlled in R with specific queries to identify and correct data entry errors (e.g. misspelled species names, missing segments, data in incorrect columns, partial mortality >100%). Then data were summarized to the segment-level by annotator to identify potential issues (e.g. anomalously high or low mean values for specific metrics relative to other annotators). If issues were identified for a given annotator, that annotator reviewed and corrected each site if they did find errors. Parameter or Variable: CORAL - SPECIES IDENTIFICATION (calculated); Units: unitless; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: photo-identification techniques; Sampling and Analyzing Method: In ArcGIS, each site was set up for annotation by manually digitizing the transect and segments as a shapefile using the same sampling design as the PIFSC ESD-led in situ coral demography surveys, and setting up the attribute table in a geodatabase to mirror the in situ visual survey database (Swanson et al. 2018; Winston et al. 2019).; Data Quality Method: Prior to generating the 3D dense point clouds and 2D orthomosaics , the JPEG imagery was evaluated for image quality and images deemed unsatisfactory (e.g. overexposed, images of blue water or images of divers, or images not taken perpendicular to the reef) were removed from the image set. During annotation in ArcGIS, the original JPEG imagery was viewed alongside the orthomosaic using the Viscore Image View feature to see fine scale colony details, observe colonies from multiple angles and locate colonies not visible in the orthomosaic. Annotations created in ArcGIS were quality controlled using a multi-stage process. Data were first quality controlled in R with specific queries to identify and correct data entry errors (e.g. misspelled species names, missing segments, data in incorrect columns, partial mortality &gt;100%). Then data were summarized to the segment-level by annotator to identify potential issues (e.g. anomalously high or low mean values for specific metrics relative to other annotators). If issues were identified for a given annotator, that annotator reviewed and corrected each site if they did find errors. asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian photo-identification techniques photo-identification techniques A method of identifying species with persistent external patterns that can be used to identify unique individuals over the course of most of their adult life span. Examples include spots, anomalous pigmentation, and patterns on the trailing edges of marine mammal fins. https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/KeywordViewer/scheme/all/a9b6ed7f-2e26-4749-98f0-b3617451192b?gtm_keyword=Photo-Identification%20Techniques photograph photograph still images used as the basis for making parameter determinations swimmer/diver swimmer/diver not an instrument - use as observation type visual observation visual observation not an instrument - maybe an observation type NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel DOB: Nov 1984 IMO: 8835619 Hull No: R 334 Former Name: Vindicator (2004) Commissioned by NOAA in 2002 Submitted to ICES on 2012-12-13. NOAA Ship Oscar Elton Sette Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel; Ice Strengthened DOB: Aug 1988 IMO: 8835097 Former Name: ADVENTUROUS (2003) http://www.moc.noaa.gov/os/index.html Submitted to ICES on 2013-12-18. NOAA Ship Rainier Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Hydrographic) DOB: Apr 1968 IMO: 6711003 Hull Classification: S 221